3. State Budgets
YEAR CUMULATIVE BUDGET GAP
FY2002 $40,000,000,000
FY2003 $75,000,000,000
FY2004 $80,000,000,000
FY2005 $45,000,000,000
FY2009 $110,000,000,000
FY2010 $191,000,000,000
FY2011 $130,500,000,000*
FY2012 $103,000,000,000*
FY2013 $46,000,000,000**
$820,500,000,000
Source: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities Source: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities
(http://www.cbpp.org/cms/index.cfm?fa=view&id=711) (http://www.cbpp.org/cms/index.cfm?fa=view&id=2783)
4. State Governments
• Three ways to fill a budget hole:
– Use the rainy day fund
• Drained
– Cut programs
• Medicaid payments are a perennial favorite
– Raise revenues
• Never a popular option
• All within the context of health reform
implementation
5. What’s in ACA for States?
• Public Coverage
– Medicaid and CHIP
• Private Insurance
– Health Insurance Exchanges
– Interstate Insurance Commerce
– Co-Ops
• New Programs and Opportunities
– Alternatives to Liability Tort
– PC Extensions and Community Health Teams
– Demonstration Programs and Other Odds and Ends
6. Medicaid: Eligibility
• Eligibility Expansion
• About 16 million uninsured, non-elderly
citizens expected to qualify
• <133% of the Federal Poverty Level
– Household Income
– $29,326.50 for a family of four
• State may file a plan amendment to expand further
– Foster children through the age of 26
7. Medicaid: Benefits
• Concurrent hospice and curative treatment
for children
• Smoking cessation
– Comprehensive treatment for pregnant
women
– Prescriptions covered for everyone
• Adult preventive services option
– 1 point FMAP increase
8. Medicaid: Benefits
• Premium assistance for employer-
sponsored insurance
• Long-Term Care
– Remember Willie Sutton?
• Dual eligibles are 46% of Medicaid’s costs.
– Community First, 1915(i) revision
– Money follows the Person Demo
– Spousal Impoverishment Protection
9. Medicaid: Quality
• Prevention Incentives
– $100M in grants to states to implement
comprehensive, evidence-based incentive
programs in Medicaid for:
• Tobacco cessation
• Weight loss
• Lowering cholesterol or blood pressure, or
• Avoiding onset, or improving control, of diabetes
– States may apply for grants lasting 3 - 5 years
10. Medicaid: Waste, Fraud, Abuse
• Waste, Fraud, Abuse Provisions
– Screening of all Medicare, Medicaid, and
CHIP providers
• Suspension and termination of enrollment
• Booted from one, booted from all
– Overpayments
• Collection period expanded from 60 days to 1 year
– Program Integrity
• Recovery audit contractors
11. Medicaid: Payment
• Primary care physician payment will be
brought to parity with Medicare.
– Covers E&M codes and immunization codes
– Feds pay the difference between Medicare
and what your state’s Medicaid program paid
on June 30, 2009.
• States responsible for any difference between the
January 1, 2013 and June 30, 2009 levels
– Only lasts for two years: 2013 and 2014
12. Children’s Care
• CHIP
– Authorization extended through 2019
– Federal funding increased by 23 points
• Lowest current Fed Matching Rate: 65%
• Feds will pay 95%+ for nearly half of states
– Maintenance of effort required by states
• Pediatric ACO Demo
– Four-year demo (2012-2016)
– Allows pediatric providers who meet certain
criteria (TBD) to be recognized as ACOs
13. Medicaid: PCMH
• New State Option: Health Homes for Patients
with Chronic Conditions
– 90 percent federal match for first 8 quarters
– Focus on patients with asthma, diabetes, heart
disease, mental health condition, substance use
disorder, or overweight/obesity (BMI over 25)
• Patient must have two chronic conditions;
• One chronic condition and is at risk of having a second
chronic condition; or
• A serious and persistent mental health condition
– Simpler plan amendment process is all that’s needed
14. Health Insurance Exchanges
• States must make choices:
– Let the Feds do it or run it ourselves?
– Combine individual and small group markets?
– “Advanced” exchange planning
• Regional Multi-State / Regional Intra-State
• Exchanges must become self-sufficient
• In 2013, HHS will certify that exchanges
are prepared to begin operations
15. Health Insurance Exchanges
• What would FPs think an ideal insurance
market looks like?
• States are responsible for setting
guidelines and regulating products offered
on the exchange
– Get to know your Insurance Commissioner
– Get to know your state legislature’s
committees with jurisdiction over health
insurance
16. Health Insurance Exchanges
• Family Medicine’s Principles
1. Fair Representation of Stakeholders
2. Payment for PCMH & Enhanced Access
3. Standardized Contracting
4. Set Primary Care Targets
5. Require Robust PC-Based Essential Benefits
6. Presume Eligibility
7. Reward Quality
8. Protect Consumers & Physicians
17. Interstate Insurance Commerce
Interstate Insurance Compacts
• Cross-border sale/purchase of insurance
• National Association of Insurance
Commissioners to develop regulations with HHS
• General rules:
– Subject to general insurance and contract laws/regs
of state where policy is written
– Subject to consumer protection laws/regs of state
where policy is purchased
18. Interstate Insurance Commerce
• Multi-State Qualified Health Plans
– Contracts negotiated by Office of Personnel
Management (OPM)
– At least two multi-state plans to be offered on
every state exchange
• At least one must be non-profit
– Must be considered qualified coverage
19. Co-Ops
• Loans and grants to cover start-up and
solvency costs of starting Consumer
Oriented and Operated Plans (CO-OPs)
– Loans paid back in 5 years, grants in 15 years
• Non-profits that may not be run by any unit
of government, nor by private insurers
• Goal of at least one per state
• $2.2 billion (of $6B) rescinded in FY11 CR.
20. Liability: Tort Alternatives Demos
• Supposed to begin October 2010
• Grants for demonstration programs
– Grants made to states
• Similar to 2009 HHS-initiated program
• Funding would be nice, though…
21. Primary Care Extensions
• Grants to states or multi-state entities
• Creates upper-level hubs and local-level
extension agencies
– Hubs: State health department, Medicaid,
state Medicare administrator, departments of
at least one school training in primary care
• May also include professional societies
• Funding would be nice, though…
22. Community Health Teams
• Help states/state-designated entities to
establish community-based, inter-
professional, interdisciplinary teams to
support primary care physicians and
patients
– A model used very successfully in North
Carolina and Vermont, for example
• Funding would be nice, though…
23. Odds and Ends
• Medicaid Global Payment Demo
• Affordable Care Access 10-State Demo
• Reimbursement Data Collection/Analysis
• Community Transformation Grants
• School-Based Health Centers
• Increased Funding for Territories
• Consumer Information Office Grants
• State Innovation Waiver
24. But Wait, There’s More!
• ACA isn’t all that happened in 2011…
…nor will it be all that happens in 2012.
• States continue to deal with
– Scope of Practice
– Workforce
– Public Health
– Liability
…and much, much more
26. Scope of Practice
• Truth in Advertising
– Model legislation and supporting materials
available from Scope of Practice Partnership
– Legislation passed in…
• California
• Illinois
• Oklahoma
• Texas
27. Workforce and Public Health
• Workforce
– Student Loan Repayment Programs
– Rural Training Programs
• Public Health
– Pseudoephedrine by Rx
– Clean Indoor Air
– Anti-Obesity
28. Liability
• The Wheel in the Sky (Keeps on Turnin’)
– Courts continue to strike down non-economic
damages caps
– 2010: Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois
• Damage Caps
– Utah lowered by $30k
• PC No-Fault Compensation Fund
– Failed in Vermont
29. 2012 Outlook
• More Budget Cuts = More Pain
– Medicaid provider payments
– Cuts to optional Medicaid/CHIP services
– Cuts to enrollment?
– New taxes/fees
– Programs (PCMH, workforce, medical school,
residency) may go un- or under-funded
30. 2012 Outlook
• Health Reform (not just ACA) Continues
– Health Insurance Exchanges
– Co-Operatives
– Accountable Care Organizations
– Public Options
– Single-Payer
31. AAFP State Government Affairs
• New Reports, One-Pagers
– ACOs, Co-Ops, Exchanges
– FP Education & Training versus
• NP, DNP and Naturopaths
• State Legislative Tracking
– aafp.org/online/en/home/policy/state.html
• Government Affairs Weekly Reports
– Submissions always welcome and wanted
32. AAFP State Government Affairs
• Chapter-Supported Legislation
• Ad Hoc Research
• Grassroots Advocacy for State Legislation
– Speak Out
– Legislator-Member Matching
• Scope of Practice Partnership
– Research and Reports
– Grant Applications
33. Thank You!
• Questions?
Greg Martin
Manager, State Government Affairs
American Academy of Family Physicians
gmartin@aafp.org
888.794.7481, x.2552