2. Unemployment occurs when people are without job and
they have actively sought work within the past four
weeks.
3. The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence
of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage
by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by
all individuals currently in the labour force.
4. Frictional unemployment: It is unemployment that
comes from people moving between jobs, careers, and
locations.
Cyclical unemployment: It occurs when the
unemployment rate moves in the opposite direction as
the GDP growth rate. So when GDP growth is small (or
negative) unemployment is high.
Structural unemployment: It is a unemployment that
comes from there being an absence of demand for the
workers that are available.
5. Rapid changes in technology
Recessions
Inflation
Disability
Undulating business cycles
Attitude towards employers
Willingness to work
Perception of employees
Employee values
6. Unemployment level has an effect on the people who
are employed as well. The employed sector feels
insecure which may affect their productivity.
Unemployment affects the society as this creates
divisions, which eventually leads to the concept of
‘unequal opportunities' seen more in underdeveloped
and developing countries.
Unemployment affects a person psychologically which
can have many short term and long term problems.
7. Lack of Self Esteem and Confidence: - Money and
success make you confident and a job is a synonym for
these and a way to get these factors. When a person
gets unemployed, his confidence reduces which leads
to lack of interest.
Stress: - It is a major factor and a certain after-effect of
unemployment. The problem with stress is that it is
directly proportional to the time of unemployment.
8. Loss of Enthusiasm and Willpower Issues: - "If you
want to kill a man, take away his enthusiasm," goes a
famous saying and this is what happens as a result of
loss of employment. Enthusiasm and willpower are
closely related as well.
Ill-Health: - Stress is known to have physical effects on
a human body and many unemployed individuals are
known not to care for their health in this period which
leads to a degrading level of health.
9. Harsh Effects and Suicidal Tendencies: - There is a
considerable proof that suicidal tendencies are seen
more in unemployed people. This may be due to the
combined effects of the above factors.
10. I think that unemployment is one of the most important
conflicts that are actually in the whole world. It’s
something that must be solve in a few years, because
unemployment causes many psycological and social
effects in people of different countries.
