This document summarizes an analytical review of literature on motivation in online and e-learning. It analyzed 60 articles published between 2004-2010 in 14 journals. The review found that motivation is impacted by various factors like podcasting, use of ARCS model in emails, learning strategies, feedback, and the online environment. However, limitations included lack of qualitative studies and diversity in samples.

1. An analytical review of the
literature on motivation in
online and e-learning
Leonia Card
Education 6610

2. Inclusion Criteria

3. Exclusion Criteria

4. Methods
Year Published
Number of Articles
in Analysis
2004 1
2005 1
2006 1
2007 2
2008 1
2009 3
2010 6

5. Methods
Summary of Journals Selected
Open Access
Journals
Paid Subscription
Service Journals
4 11

6. Methods

7. Methods

8. Findings
2
2
14
14
10
12 1
5

9. Findings
14
14
14
14
55
13
13

10. Findings
8
44
4
4
3

11. Findings
9
9
9
9

12. Findings
6
7
7
7
7
11 11
11
15

13. Discussion
14
1 12
3
5,13

14. Discussion
2 2
4
7
7
7

15. Conclusion
7
7
4
5
5
11
11
11
11
10
14
2
8

16. Implications
2
2
2
5
8
1,5,12

17. Limitations

18. References
[1] Bolliger, D. U., Supanakorn, S., & Boggs, C. (2010). Impact
of podcasting on student motivation in the online learning
environment. Computers & Education, 55(2), 714-22.
doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.03.004
[2] ChanLin, L-J. (2009). Applying motivational analysis in a
web-based course. Innovations in Education and
Teaching International, 46(1), 91-103.
[3] Clayton, K., Blumberg, F., & Auld, D. P. (2010). The
relationship between motivation, learning strategies and
choice of environment whether traditional or including an
online component. British Journal of Educational
Technology, 41(3), 349-64. doi:10.1111/j.1467-
8535.2009.00993.x

19. References
[4] Hoskins, S. L., & van Hooff, J. C. (2005). Motivation and
ability: Which students use online learning and what
influence does it have on their achievement? British
Journal of Educational Technology, 36(2), 177-92.
[5] Huett, J. B., Kalinowski, K. E., Moller, L., & Cleaves Huett, K.
(2008). Improving the motivation and retention of online
students through the use of ARCS-based e-mails. The
American Journal of Distance Education, 22(3), 159-76.
doi:10.1080/08923640802224451
[6] Kilic-Cakmak, E. (2010). Learning strategies and
motivational factors predicting information literacy self-
efficacy of e-learners. Australasian Journal of
Educational Technology, 26(2), 192-208.

20. References
[7] Law, K. M. Y., Victor, C. S., & Yu, Y. T. (2010). Learning
motivation in e-learning facilitated computer
programming courses. Computers & Education, 55(1),
218-28. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.01.007
[8] Liao, L-F. (2006). A flow theory perspective on learner
motivation and behaviour in distance education.
Distance Education, 27(1), 45-62.
[9] Lim, D. H. (2004). Cross cultural differences in online
learning motivation. Educational Media International,
41(2), 163-75. doi:10.1080/09523980410001685784
[10] Martens, R., Bastiaens, T., & Kirschner, P. A. (2007). New
learning design in distance education: The impact on
perception and motivation. Distance Education, 28(1),
81-93.

21. References
[11] Murphy, E., & Rodriguez-Manzanares, M. A. (2009).
Teachers’ perspectives on motivation in high school
distance education. Journal of Distance Education,
23(3), 1-24.
[12] Pauschenwein, J., & Sfiri, A. (2010). Adult learner’s
motivation for the use of micro-blogging during online
training courses. International Journal of Emerging
Technologies in Learning, 5(1), 22-25.
doi:10.3991/ijet.1041
[13] Shin, T. S., & Dickson, W. P. (2010). The effects of peer-
and self-referenced feedback on students’ motivation
and academic performance in online learning
environments. MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and
Teaching, 6(1), 187-97.

22. References
[14] Wang, S-K., & Reeves, T. C. (2007). The effects of a web-
based learning environment on student motivation in a
high school earth science course. Educational
Technology Research and Development, 55, 169-92.
doi:10.1007/s11423-006-9016-3
[15] Zhang, T., Koehler, M. J., & Spatario, A. (2009). The
development of the motivation for critical reasoning in
online discussions inventory (MCRODI). The American
Journal of Distance Education, 23, 194-211.
doi:10.1080/08923640903294411