1. Ayesha Mehboob

2. Domestic violence
 Domestic violence is: "the inflicting of
physical injury by one family or household
member on another; also: a repeated or
habitual pattern of such behavior.“
 "violence that occurs within the private
sphere, generally between individuals who
are related through intimacy, blood or law

3. In Pakistan
 Domestic violence in Pakistan is an endemic
social problem.
 According to a study carried out in 2009
by Human Rights Watch, it is estimated that:
 between 70 and 90 percent of women in Pakistan
have suffered some form of abuse.
 An estimated 5000 women are killed per year
from domestic violence.

4. Cont….
 Law enforcement authorities do not view domestic
violence as a crime and usually refuse to register
any cases brought to them.
 Given the very few women's shelters in the
country, victims have limited ability to escape from
violent situations.

5.  Lisa Hajjar, an Associate Professor at
the University of California, describes abuse
against women in Pakistan as "endemic in all
social spheres".
 In an observational study published in
the Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences based on
a "convenience" sample of 218 women in the
gynecology wards of three hospitals, 97% of the
interviewed women said they had been victims of
some form of assault, ranging from verbal abuse
or threatened, to being subjected to beatings or
non-consensual sex

6. TYPES OF ABUSE
 Dowry deaths
 bride burnings
(stove burning)
 Acid attacks

8. Types of domestic violence
 Acid attacks in Pakistan came to international attention
after the release of a documentary by Sharmeen Obaid-
Chinoy called Saving Face.
 Various reasons have been given for such attacks, such
as:
 a woman dressing inappropriately or
 rejecting a proposal of marriage.
 According to the Acid Survivors Foundation , up to 150
attacks occur every year. majority of victims are female.

9. Other types
 There are many forms of domestic violence against
women ranging from:
 psychological abuse in the form of controlling
behaviour,
 economic abuse or pressures and social isolation;
 physical in the form of torturing, beating or
slapping, and
 sexual abuse in the form of forced sexual
intercourse.

10. Factors
 Various factors are associated with domestic
violence in Pakistan.
 Poverty, illiteracy and social taboos
 lack of awareness about women’s rights and a lack
of support from the government
 Increased urbanization
 Daily conflicts, family related
problems, disagreements between women and
men on any decision, choice preferences, conflicts
of the two genders, etc.
 Existing misconception about Islamic thoughts and
traditional norms, misuse of women in the name of
honor.

11. Traditional concept of men
against women
 In some traditional societies, a man is
considered to have the right to physically
beat his spouse.
 According to Rahel Nardos, it is "the dual
constructs of women as the property of
men and as the standard-bearers of a
family's honour set the stage for culturally
sanctioned forms of violence"

12. Misconception between
Islamic teaching and old
tradition
 What do you think about pardah (veil)
in Islam?
 What our traditional brains think
about pardah? Is that right to say that
pardah is other name of restriction,
external activities and seeking
knowledge ?

13. Undesirability of beating in
Islam
 Scholars and commentators have stated
that Muhammad directed men not to hit
their wives' faces, not to beat their wives
in such a way as would leave marks on
their body, and not to beat their wives as
to cause pain (ghayr mubarrih)

15. How media portray male and
female
 women and girls are more likely to be shown: in the
home, performing domestic chores such as laundry or
cooking; as sex objects who exist primarily to service
men; as victims who can't protect themselves and are
the natural recipients of beatings, harassment, sexual
assault and murder.
 masculinity is often associated with machismo,
independence, competition, emotional detachment,
aggression and violence. Despite the fact that men have
considerably more economic and political power in
society than women.

16. Over to Maryam
Thank you