1. 21st NORTH
The Akuliaruseq Graphite Deposit
A high-grade flake deposit in West Greenland
(contained within exclusive license 2012/40)
st
21
NORTH
CHINA MINING 2013
November 2-5, 2013 Tianjin China
Claus Østergaard, M.Sc. Geology, Executive Partner 21st NORTH

2. THE AKULIARUSEQ
GRAPHITE DEPOSIT
Project highlights
•
Historic indicated open-pittable resource from 1983 includes 5.34Mt graphite grading 9.5% C including
1.16Mt graphite grading 14.8% C (open-ended)
•
The deposit is hosted within a seven kilometer long continuous graphite sequence comprising several
graphite zones and is only drilled to 40 meters depth (124 holes totalling 5705 meters).
•
Metallurgical test work has demonstrated that substantial proportions of the ore is of high quality, easy to
refine and contains a large amount of flake graphite
•
Most recent studies has shown the ore to contain up to 20% +48 mesh and 50% +100 mesh graphite
flakes
•
Having no surface cover the Akuliaruseq deposit is superbly exposed and located right on the coast in the
ice-free part of West Greenland
•
Additional graphite resources within the same stratigraphy has been discovered during 2013 field work for
up to 50 kilometers further inland outlying the potential of a substantial graphite region
•
Gentle terrain and large fresh water supplies (potential for hydropower) within the prospect area

3. 21st NORTH
Who we are
21st NORTH – Independent Danish exploration company founded in
2009
•
Three decades of experience from Greenland with
exploration, project assesment and investment marketing covering
a wide range of commodities (Au, Fe, Ni-Cu, Pb-Zn, PGE, TiV, W, Sb, REE, Graphite, Coal)
•
Experts on logistical solutions in remote inaccessible regions of
Greenland
On-going exploration projects in
Greenland
•
•
•
Greenland Gold Resources Ltd [BVI] – partly owned subsidiary to
21st NORTH
All projects are located in the southern part of Greenland where
climatic conditions are most favorable and infrastructure and
logistics easily accessible
Akuliaruseq graphite project located in West Greenland
Akuliaruseq
Graphite
Ni-Cu
Mo, Au-Ag
Ni-Cu
Sinarsuk Ti-V
PGE

4. ABOUT GREENLAND
A modern political stable democracy
•
Greenland has strong ties to Denmark with a Self Rule
Government, that shows keen interest in developing the
natural resources
•
Mineral exploration is offered on commercially attractive
terms by the Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum [BMP] and
includes a simple basic mining law
•
The favorable mineral potential and low-risk political
stability of Greenland is emphasized by recent reports from
the independent Fraser Institute of Canada, where
Greenland is among the top scorers in a number of
categories

5. ABOUT GREENLAND
Facts about Greenland
• 44.000 km of coastline
• 2,2 mill km2 (20 pct. ice-free)
• Arctic to subarctic climate
• Terrain: flat icecap covers inland
area. The coast is relatively narrow
and often mountainous
• Elevation extremes: the highest
point is Gunnbjorn Fjeld 3,700 m
• Nuuk is the capital and largest city.
Greenland has in addition 18 towns
- settlements with more than 500
inhabitants - and 64 minor
settlements.
• Population of 57,637 (July 2010)
− Urban population: 84% of total
population
− Ethnic groups: Inuit 89%, Danish and
other 11 %
− Languages: Greenlandic (official),
Danish, English
• 4 municipalities; Kujalleq,
Qaasuitsup, Qeqqata,
Sermersooq
• Roadways: although there are
roads in towns, there are no roads
between towns; inter-urban
transport takes place either by
sea or air
• No railways exits in Greenland
• Airports w. paved runways: 10
• Airports w. unpaved runways: 5
• Ports and Terminals: most towns
and settlement have capacity for
loading and unloading standard
containers
• Communications: adequate
domestic and international service
provided by satellite, cables and
microwave radio relay; totally
digital since 1995.

6. REGIONAL SETTING
Location and logistics
•
The Akuliaruseq deposit is superbly exposed and
located right on the coast in the ice-free part of
West Greenland
•
Close to International Airport and towns of West
Greenland
•
Large sources of fresh water
•
No conservation areas, national parks or private
land owners
•
Situated between North American and European
markets

7. INFRASTRUCTURE &
LOGISTICS
The Akuliaruseq Peninsula
• The Akuliaruseq peninsula is located in central West
Greenland between two deep water inlets north of Nordre
Stroemfjord and 140 kilometers from the International
airport at Kangerlussuaq. Greenland s second largest town,
Sisimiut is located 90 kilometers south of the deposit area.
Access to the project site can be done by boat (3 hours) or
helicopter (35-40 minutes)
• The graphite deposit is located on a well exposed low-lying
coastal plain, which is terminated by rugged hills to the
north and northeast. There are a number of easily
approachable beaches along the coast line and water depth
quickly increases off shore to 70 meters in the centre of the
Eqalussuit inlet. The coastal area is free of pack ice all year
round

9. NAGSSUGTOQIDIAN
OROGEN
The Nagssugtoqidian Orogen,
West Greenland [1900-1800Ma]
Fundamentals
• Reworked (collisional) Archaean gneisses and
supracrustal rocks. Arc magmatism (Palaeoproterozic)
occurred in both flanks of the orogen, but is
volumetrically less significant
• Graphite-bearing Palaeoproterozic supracrustals
mainly occur as narrow linear belts
• Historic small scale mining of graphite mineralisation
mineralisation has taken place in the central part of
the Nagssugtoqidian orogen for more than 100 years
Rinkian
Orogen
AKULIARUSEQ
DEPOSIT
Archaean
Craton
Ketilidian
Orogen

10. GRAPHITE
MINERALISATION
Akuliaruseq
•
The graphite mineralisation comprises three
different stratigraphic layers running almost
parallel for seven kilometers through most of the
prospect area
•
The most common type of mineralisation occur in
sillimanite gneiss as disseminated flakes, which
are orientated parallel to the foliation and lie in
between the silicate grains. This rock type has a
graphite grade in the order 6-8% C and is not
intensely foliated
•
The second type of mineralisation occurs in
zones in the sillimanite schist that have
undergone intense structural deformation. The
graphite grade appears to correspond directly
with the degree of deformation and narrow zones
with 20-24% C occur in mylonitized and
brecciated parts of the stratigraphy. Here the
graphite occurs as films, seams and
lamellae, which envelopes the grain texture of
the rock

11. HISTORIC WORK

13. GRAPHITE
MINERALISATION
Lake Giesecke
•
Reconnaissance field work and sampling
completed in 2013
•
Significant sedimentary units hosting
disseminated graphite occur in all prospect areas
(A+B)
•
Graphite is not evenly distributed in these
rocks, but occurs concentrated in narrow zones
from 0.5-20.0 meters width
•
The volume of coarse flaky graphite appears to
be high. The far majority of graphite observed
occurs as late overgrowing flakes with sizes from
0.1mm- 2cm
•
SkyTEM anomalies in application area B match
graphite mineralisation very well, and based on
surface exposures it is believed that the majority
of these anomalies are caused by graphite and
not sulphides

16. HISTORIC WORK
Ressource definition
•
From 1982 to 1986 the Danish Cryolite Company carried out exploration work to test the extent of the
graphite layers observed on surface. The program included a ground geophysical Mag and EM
survey (7000x500 meters), which were used to outline four favorable blocks (A, B, C and D), which
were drilled to 40 meters depth (124 Winkey holes totalling 5,705 meters)
•
Using visual inspection for cut-off, only sections with >6% graphite were sampled and sent to analysis
(18% of total drill core). The targeted blocks were following estimated to comprise an indicated
resource of 5,34Mt grading 9,5% C including 1,16Mt grading 14,5% C
Metallurgical test work
•
In the period 1984 to 1986 four bulk samples were collected for metallurgical studies of the ore. The
work comprised bench-scale floatation tests, mineralogical studies and eventually pilot plant test work
including a series of flotation tests to produce clean marketable graphite concentrates (90-94% C in
the +100 mesh fraction)
•
In 1990 additional sampling was carried out in order to test the flake content. Test work included
primary flotation, mineralogical studies and overall quality assessment. Results revealed a higher
percentage of flake graphite than anticipated with up to 50% +100 mesh flakes and 20% +48 mesh
flakes
•
Areas with the highest graphite do not necessarily have the highest proportion of large flakes

18. Akuliaruseq

19. Application area B

20. Graphite bearing stratigraphy at Lake Giesecke

22. Kangerlussuaq Int. Airport