1. PKK3200
PRINSIP PEMAKANAN
MANUSIA

2.  YOO PHEI YING 161536
 AHZAN NURA HAMIMI 161951
 SITI NOR SUHAIDA 162175
 TIUN YEEN NIEN 162954
 GAN TSAE LIAN 163194

3.  WHAT IS FISH OILS?
 THE WAYS TO OBTAIN IT
 HOW DOES IT WORK?
 WHY IS IT IMPORTANT IN HUMAN DIETS?
 BENEFITS OF FISH OILS
 DEFICIENCY OF FISH OILS
 EXCESSIVE INTAKE OF FISH OILS
 DIETARY RECOMMENDATION
 CONCLUSION

4.  A form of fatty acid that is derived from the
tissues of oily fish.
 Contains the omega-3 fatty acids (n-3),
including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
 EPA and DHA are a very long derivatives of n-
3 which is one of polyunsaturated fatty acid
(PUFA)

5.  Example : mackerel, tuna, salmon, sturgeon,
mullet, bluefish, anchovy, sardines, herring,
trout, and menhaden.
 They provide about 1 gram of omega-3 fatty
acids in about 3.5 ounces of fish.

6. Tuna

7. Mackerel
Anchovies
Bluefish Mullet

9.  Fish oils are obtained from
i. lean fish, e.g. cod, in which reserve oils are
stored as triacylglycerols in the livers
ii. fatty fish, e.g. mackerel, in which the oils
are stored in the flesh.
 Eating broiled or baked fish - reduce the risk
of heart disease
 Eating fried fish or fish sandwiches - cancels
out the benefits of fish oil and increase heart
disease risk

10.  Made from fish skins and livers.
 Often contain small amounts of vitamin E to
prevent spoilage. They might also be
combined with calcium, iron, or vitamins A,
B1, B2, B3, C, or D.
 Usually made from mackerel, herring, tuna,
halibut, salmon, cod liver, whale blubber, or
seal blubber.

13.  Omega-3 fatty acids reduce pain and
swelling. This may explain why fish oil is likely
effective for psoriasis and dry eyes. These
fatty acids also prevent the blood from
clotting easily. This might make fish oil
helpful for some heart conditions.

14.  Specific fatty acids found in fish oils are
prevalent in specialised organs (such as the
brain, eyes).
 Mammals have a very limited ability to
synthesise these fatty acids, so we need to
obtain them from our diet
 The fatty acids found in fish oils are NOT the
same as those in vegetable oils

15.  Heart – Helps reduce the risk of arrhythmias and
sudden death by a heart attack.
 Brain – Fatty acids in fish oil help to build the
membranes of cells in the brain. DHA improves
concentration and memory.
 Cholesterol and Triglycerides – Lowers
triglycerides to help balance cholesterol.
 Joints and Arthritis - Better joint function from
reduced inflammation and a reduction in pain.

16.  Skin and Beauty – Improves the health and
appearance of your skin, helps keep your nails strong,
and makes your hair healthy and shiny.
 Immune system and Cancer – Proven to be beneficial
for the body’s immune function, lowering risk of
breast and prostate cancer.
 Vision – Improves focus, colour, perception, and
clarity of vision.
 Digestive System – Improves intestinal health and
reduces inflammation.

17.  Allergies – Omega-3 fatty acid intake by mothers
during pregnancy may protect babies against
the development of allergies. It may also help
people with existing allergies.
 Diabetes – Fish oil enhances insulin secretion
from beta cells in the pancreas, regulating blood
sugar levels. DHA plays a protective role in
diabetic neuropathy in all forms of diabetes.

18.  Building of the cell membranes in the brain
and controlling of blood clotting by
preventing platelets from clumping together
may become inhibited.
 Cause poor memory, mood swings and
depression.
 Symptoms - fatigue, poor circulation, heart
problems, and it contributes to skin
conditions such as dandruff and eczema,
plain old dry skin.

19.  Thin our blood, inhibiting the blood coagulation
process our body needs to stop bleeding after an
injury. Excessively thin blood increases risk of
internal bleeding - disrupt the normal flow of
oxygen throughout your body, or might even
lead to bleeding in our brain.
 Large amounts fish oil capsules - affect our hair -
large amount of vitamin A - toxicity - damage
skin and scalp, leading to flaking and tissue
breakdown that can impede proper hair growth.

20.  Eating fish (particularly fatty fish) at least two
times a week. (American Heart Association )
 People who already have cardiovascular
disease: higher amounts are recommended
 Pregnant/breastfeeding women/
development during early infancy and
childhood: at least 8 and up to 12 ounces (2 –
3 servings) of a variety of seafood per week

21. Fish oil isn't necessarily going to help you
build muscle at an accelerated pace directly,
but indirectly it will help improve the quality
of your workouts and more importantly,
really enhance your overall health and
disease resistance.