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Operating System 4

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Threads allow concurrency within a process by separating the execution state (program counter, registers, stack) from the process. This allows a process to have multiple execution streams (threads) that can run independently while sharing the process's resources like memory. Key benefits of threads include improved responsiveness, easy resource sharing between threads, and better utilization of multiprocessor systems.

Tecnologia
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Chapter 4: Threads
What’s in a process? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Concurrency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What’s needed? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How could we achieve this? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Can we do better? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Single-Threaded Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Use of Threads ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],CPU1 CPU2 CPU1 CPU2 Time CPU1 CPU2
Threads and processes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Single and Multithreaded Processes
Benefits ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thread Design Space address space thread one thread/process many processes many threads/process many processes one thread/process one process many threads/process one process MS/DOS Java older UNIXes Mach, NT, Chorus, Linux, …
(old) Process address space 0x00000000 0x7FFFFFFF address space code (text segment) static data (data segment) heap (dynamic allocated mem) stack (dynamic allocated mem) PC SP
(new) Address space with threads 0x00000000 0x7FFFFFFF address space code (text segment) static data (data segment) heap (dynamic allocated mem) thread 1 stack PC (T2) SP (T2) thread 2 stack thread 3 stack SP (T1) SP (T3) PC (T1) PC (T3) SP PC
Types of Threads
Thread types ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Multithreading Models ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Multithreading Models ,[object Object]
Multithreading Models ,[object Object],[object Object]
Two-level Model ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Threads Implementation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Threading Issues
Threading Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Semantics of fork() and exec() ,[object Object]
Thread Cancellation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Signal Handling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Signal Handling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thread Pools ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thread Pools ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thread Specific Data ,[object Object],[object Object]
Scheduler Activations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scheduler Activations ,[object Object],[object Object]
OS Examples
Windows XP Threads ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Linux Threads ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Operating System 4

  • 1. Chapter 4: Threads
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  • 12. Thread Design Space address space thread one thread/process many processes many threads/process many processes one thread/process one process many threads/process one process MS/DOS Java older UNIXes Mach, NT, Chorus, Linux, …
  • 13. (old) Process address space 0x00000000 0x7FFFFFFF address space code (text segment) static data (data segment) heap (dynamic allocated mem) stack (dynamic allocated mem) PC SP
  • 14. (new) Address space with threads 0x00000000 0x7FFFFFFF address space code (text segment) static data (data segment) heap (dynamic allocated mem) thread 1 stack PC (T2) SP (T2) thread 2 stack thread 3 stack SP (T1) SP (T3) PC (T1) PC (T3) SP PC
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