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Covalent Versus Electrostatic Attachment of Yeast  Cytochrome c to a Fused Silica Surface By  Sheetal Mistry Department of Chemistry, Butler University Indianapolis, IN 46208
Yeast cytochrome c ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Yeast Cytochrome c
Functionality Plays a major role in the electron transport chain in the inner membrane of mitochondria Shuttles electrons between complexes III & IV
Methods: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Solution Absorption 10   µ M [YCC], 7mM Succinate Buffer, pH 4.00   Soret Band ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conformation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cox, M., Nelson, D.  Principles of Biochemistry   2000:194 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Tertiary Primary
ATR spectroscopy Cheng, Y.-Y.; Lin, S. H.; Chang, H.-C.; Su, M.-C.: Probing Adsorption, Orientation and Conformational Changes of Cytochrome  c  on Fused Silica Surfaces with the Soret Band.  J. Phys. Chem. A  pp. 10687,  107 (49) 2003 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Detector Light Source ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Prism θ Glass plate O-ring Sample solution To detector
Experiments: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
YCC  Free  in Solution
Solution Absorption Wavelength 20% alcohol 60% alcohol Alcohol Denaturation pH Denaturation Solution at pH 6.9, 3.2, 2.9  and 1.9 (from right to left) Proteins denature at higher [alcohol] and at lower pH wavelength
YCC  Covalently  Attached
How is YCC covalently  tethered on silica? (3-aminopropyl)-trimethoxylsilane + N[ γ -maleimidobutyryloxy]sulfosuccinimide ester + SiO 2 SiO 2 SiO 2 YCC sGMBS
pH Dependent Surface Adsorption Shift of the Soret band maximum: Free YCC ,  Surface bound YCC Conditions:  7mM phosphate buffer YCC on surface takes longer to  unfold than the solution YCC on surface and in solution denature as the pH is lowered
Surface Alcohol Denaturing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Methanol 1-propanol Conditions:  7mM phosphate buffer, pH 4.00 , , ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
YCC  Electrostatically  attached
Yeast Cytochrome c ,[object Object],[object Object],dimer Monomer Significance of Sulfur
Why work with monomer? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Method to retain monomer ,[object Object],[object Object],+ Iodoacetate YCC
2. Size Exclusion Chromatography: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Method to retain monomer
3.  Gel Electrophoresis:   Molecular   HCC   YCC   Weight   1μg   1μg   Marker  15μL   15μL  Method to retain monomer Dimer ~24,000g/mol Monomer~12,000g/mol
Procedure to get the data: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Encountered Problems at Step 2 ,[object Object],Proteins did not stick to the  Surface…. Does not look like a  Kinetic scan Intensity proportional to number of proteins on surface
Several Factors could play a role ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Result:   Found that by using the base bath, the surface was  getting too basic and was not allowing proteins to stick to the  surface. Tried using diluted soap by rinsing the surface several times and turned  Out to be a success.
Kinetic Study ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],For every sample: 1.  Kinetic scan 2.  Record the time (monolayer) 3.  Take data
Adsorption Isotherm pH 4.0, 7mM Succinate Buffer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],K ad  YCC = 1.3 E 6 K ad  HCC = 1.3 E 6
Determination of the [YCC] Abs max = 0.0054 pH 4.00,  7mM phosphate buffer Surface Adsorption of covalently anchored YCC
Determination of [YCC] ~0.0054 Electrostatically adsorbed Surface Adsorption Isotherm Covalently attached studies done at ~1.00 uM [YCC]
Future Direction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],For Electrostatic Attachment :
Special Thanks To ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Surface adsorption Alcohol:  1 propanol pH 4.00 Buffer:  7 mM Succinate [YCC] : 1.00E-6M
Solution Absorption Alcohol:  1 propanol pH 4.00 Buffer:  7 mM Succinate [YCC] : 1.00E-6M

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Covalent Versus Electrostatic Attachment of Yeast Cytochrome c to a Fused Silica Surface

  • 1. Covalent Versus Electrostatic Attachment of Yeast Cytochrome c to a Fused Silica Surface By Sheetal Mistry Department of Chemistry, Butler University Indianapolis, IN 46208
  • 2.
  • 3. Functionality Plays a major role in the electron transport chain in the inner membrane of mitochondria Shuttles electrons between complexes III & IV
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. YCC Free in Solution
  • 10. Solution Absorption Wavelength 20% alcohol 60% alcohol Alcohol Denaturation pH Denaturation Solution at pH 6.9, 3.2, 2.9 and 1.9 (from right to left) Proteins denature at higher [alcohol] and at lower pH wavelength
  • 11. YCC Covalently Attached
  • 12. How is YCC covalently tethered on silica? (3-aminopropyl)-trimethoxylsilane + N[ γ -maleimidobutyryloxy]sulfosuccinimide ester + SiO 2 SiO 2 SiO 2 YCC sGMBS
  • 13. pH Dependent Surface Adsorption Shift of the Soret band maximum: Free YCC , Surface bound YCC Conditions: 7mM phosphate buffer YCC on surface takes longer to unfold than the solution YCC on surface and in solution denature as the pH is lowered
  • 14.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20. 3. Gel Electrophoresis: Molecular HCC YCC Weight 1μg 1μg Marker 15μL 15μL Method to retain monomer Dimer ~24,000g/mol Monomer~12,000g/mol
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. Determination of the [YCC] Abs max = 0.0054 pH 4.00, 7mM phosphate buffer Surface Adsorption of covalently anchored YCC
  • 27. Determination of [YCC] ~0.0054 Electrostatically adsorbed Surface Adsorption Isotherm Covalently attached studies done at ~1.00 uM [YCC]
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30. Surface adsorption Alcohol: 1 propanol pH 4.00 Buffer: 7 mM Succinate [YCC] : 1.00E-6M
  • 31. Solution Absorption Alcohol: 1 propanol pH 4.00 Buffer: 7 mM Succinate [YCC] : 1.00E-6M