Hortatory exposition 1

to Online course
" ENGLISH SMANDA MATARAM "
Hello! participants, welcome to the unit 7 Hortatory Exposition
with the main topic "Environmental Issues"
The course consist of two activities that you will finish (online) in
two weeks for every unit lesson, so that you will work on the
materials one oral cycle for one week. another one written cycle
also for one week The first two weeks, you will learn and do
activity about "ORAL CYCLE'. The second two weeks, you will
learn and do activity about "WRITTEN CYCLE"
So, if you have any questions please do not hesitate to sent me
and email or post in the pin-board to discuss with other
participants. Enjoy your learning!

PREFACE
In the name of Allah, we wish to express our deepest gratitude to
Allah SWT. The Almighty, for His Mercies and His Blessings so that we can finish
these designs English Learning Materials Based on WEB and ICT
We wish to express our gratitude to the people who have taken a
part, given us advice and suggestion, particularly to Excellency Dear Mr. Wahyu
Purnomo as a Facilitator from PPPPTK/ Vocational Education Development
Center Malang .
We are also graceful and pleasure to acknowledge a great to our
Principle of SMAN 2 Mataram, our Principle Department of National Education
Mataram Regency for encouraging us to design, to prepare English Learning
Material Based on ICT and Web. Also, it is pleasure to acknowledge a great to
the English teachers and the others for their helps during the preparations.
Then, the beet regards goes to website owner : Web Blog/Wordpress, the
owner of Microsoft Encarta and others.
Finally, If there is no such thing quite perfect in the world , we
honestly appreciate all constructive criticism for the compliments of these Web
designs. Hopefully, these designs will be valuable contribution to fresh new
designs in order to encourage the English teachers and the students in terms of
interacting teaching learning process effectively and improving their wide
knowledge.

MOTTO
The human value confirms with his will power. His honesty confirms
with the quality of his humanity.
His courage confirms with the quality of his rejection to any bad deeds
(Adapted from ALI BIN ABI THALIB )
There shell be no envy but (emulate) two :
The person, when Allah has given wealth and the power to spend it in
the service of truth. And the person whom Allah has granted
knowledge of things and judges by it (to others)
(Adapted from Al-Hadisth )
Allah will exalt those who believe among you, and those have
knowledge to high ranks. How should we not believe in Allah SWT and
that which hatch come onto as of the Truth.
And how should we not hope that our Lord will bring us in along with
right pious folk ? (Adapted from Holy Qur'an 5 : 84 )
INDONESIAN MOTTO :
Berfikir adalah ciri hidup manusia Apabila manusia tidak berfikir
Maka ia seolah olah mati dalam hidupnya

ENGLISH OVERVIEW
First of all we wished to preface that in this part of
Learning Material Based on Web and ICT, SMAN 2 Mataram
designed firstly English Learning Material for Senior High School
grade X, XI, & XII Academic Year 2009 / 2010. They are written
and designed by H.M. Sartono.
Nowadays, Mastering English is a challenge for some
people, this is because of the Modern Technology which
accelerates the development of any field including Education.
To fulfill the Standard of Competence these English
Learning Materials, we have to concern with Badan Standar
Nasional Pendidikan as it is legitimated by Peraturan Menteri
No 22 Tahun 2006 and it is applied in KTSP SMA which is
elaborates completely in Syllabus Design.
The main teacher's roles are as mediator and facilitator.
The students and the teachers are to be active and creative .

The students' activity is focused on four skills such as
Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing Skills. All skills enable the
students to work actively, while vocabulary Mastery is given indirectly
in every task and also functional skills which is available in orally that
is intended to make students to be able to communicate in English
orally. Then the acceleration task are implemented in every topic and
section.
Furthermore, in these part of design English Learning Materials
in order to meet the students' needs, to offer a wide knowledge which
are useful to their daily life or activity. So we can say that the students
from SMAN 2 Mataram joining these materials are aware of English.
And during the process of study, the students will discover something
new, also encourage them to communicate in English.
Finally, we would like to express our appreciation to those who
have taken apart, helped and given the motivation, or supported to
these designs. Hopefully, if there were some suggestions, criticisms
for the improvement of these designs will be warmly appreciated.

Listening:
• Responding to expressions of anger
• Responding to expressions of annoyance
• Responding to expressions of
embarrassment
• Responding to a hortatory exposition

Writing:
• Writing a hortatory exposition

HORTATORY EXPOSITION
A Hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to
explain the listeners or readers that something should or should not
happen or be done. To strengthen the explanation, the speaker or writer
needs some arguments as the fundamental reasons of the given idea. In
other words, this kind of text can be called as argumentation. Hortatory
exposition text can be found in scientific
books, journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic speech or
lectures, research report etc. Hortatory expositions are popular among
science, academic community and educated people. The generic structure
of Hortatory exposition usually has three components: (1) Thesis, (2)
Arguments and (3) Recommendation.

A.Generic Structure of Hortatory Exposition
1. Thesis : Statement or announcement of issue concern
2. Arguments : Reasons for concern that will lead to recommendation
3. Recommendation : Statement of what should or should not happen or be done based
on the given arguments
B.Generic Features of Hortatory Exposition
1. A Hortatory exposition focuses on generic human and non human participants, except for
speaker or writer referring to self.
2. It uses mental processes. It is used to state what the writer or speaker thinks or feels
about something. For example: realize, feel etc.
3. It often needs material processes. It is used to state what happens, e.g. ….has
polluted… etc.
4.It usually uses Simple Present Tense and Present Perfect Tense.
5.Enumeration is sometimes necessary to show the list of given arguments: Firstly,
secondly …, Finally, etc.

To make it clear, please remember the concept of Hortatory exposition below:
Purpose : to persuade the readers or listeners that something should or should not
be the case.
Text Organization
A thesis
Arguments
Recommendation
Language Features:
•The use of emotive words (e.g. worried, alarmed etc)
•The use of words that qualify statements (e.g. usual, probably etc)
•The use of words that link arguments (e.g. firstly, However, therefore etc)
•The use of compound and complex sentence
•The use of modals and adverbs (e.g. may, must, should, etc)
•The use of subjective opinions using pronouns I and we

Genre Social Function/ Generic Structure Linguistics Features Examples
Purpose
2. Hortatory To persuade the a. Thesis - Focus on generic Porn web
Exposition readers that Announcement of an issue human and non must be
something should concern human participant eradicated
or should not be b. Arguments : reasons for except for speaker or from the
the case concern, leading to writer referring to web
recommendation themselves
c. Recommendation : - Use of mental
statement of what ought process
or ought not to happen - use of material
process
- Relational process
- Use of simple
present tense

Activity 1
In your age, you may find someone that you fall in love with.
You need to express your love to the one using acceptable
expressions. Do you know how to do it very well?

You like reading English stories, don’t you? The stories that you
read may include love stories. Can you also write such stories
effectively? Learn those and more in this unit through challenging
tasks.
Activity 2
Have you ever fallen in love with someone? Have you ever told your
parents that you love him/her very much? Reflect on your
experience to answer the following questions. Compare your
answers with your classmate’s.
1. Have you got a boyfriend or a girlfriend?
2. What makes you love him/her?
3. How do you express love to him/her?
4. Do you feel that expressing love to your parents is different from
that of to your girlfriend or boyfriend? Why?
5. What will you feel if someone you love leaves you?

Activity 3
How do you feel if someone you love leaves you?
Here is an example of the situation. Listen to the
dialogue between Ayu and Denias and then answer the
questions.
The listening script is in the next slide.
Situation: Denias tells Ayu that his father will send him
to a boarding school far away.
Questions
1. What does Denias tell Ayu?
2. What is Ayu’s feeling about what Denias tells her?
3. Why does Denias leave Ayu?
4. Where is he going to go?
5. When is Denias going to leave?
6. What does Ayu feel when she knows that the one she
loves is going to leave her?
7. How do they express their feelings

Activity 4
1. In the dialogue between Denias and Ayu, you find an expression:
I love you. The expression is used to express ‘love’.

2. In the dialogue between Denias and Ayu, you also find an expression
of sadness. Ayu says “Oh no, It’s very hard for me, Denias,” to express
that she is sad because Denias has to leave her

Activity 5
Listen to the dialogue among Adib, Virga, and Ayu. Do not forget
to complete he summary to check your comprehension. The
listening script is in the TAPE RECORDER

TAPE SCRIPTS
Adib : Hi Denias, what happens? You look nervous.
Denias : It’s nothing.
Adib : Really? Your face tells me that something is going on.
Denias : Yes, you’re right. Actually I’ve had an embarrassing experience.
Adib : What is it?
Denias : When I was on my way home, I saw an old lady trying to cross the
street.
Adib : Why didn’t you help her to cross the street?
Denias : I did. I helped her to cross the street.
Adib : That’s great. So, why do you look nervous?
Denias : Actually, she didn’t want to cross the street. She’s just looking for
her shopping bag.
Adib : Hi, Ayu. How are you?
Ayu : Hi, Adib. You know, I’m a bit annoyed.
Adib : What’s up? Is it related to the English test you’ve just had?
Ayu : Yes, you’re right.

TAPE SCRIPTS
Adib : Were there some questions you couldn’t answer?
Ayu : No. Actually, I can answer all the questions.
Adib : So, what made you annoyed?
Ayu : The next door class was very noisy. We couldn’t concentrate well.
Adib : Did your teacher warn them or ask them to be quiet or something that
made them quiet?

Ayu : No. She said that that was okay because that was the nature of
performance classes.
Adib : I think our school should provide special room for performance classes.
Ayu : Yes, I agree with you. If performance classes have their own room, there
will be no such a disturbance.
Adib : And there will be no people annoyed because of such a noise.
Ayu : Absolutely, there won’t any.

Andi : Hi, Retno. I watched your performance last night.
You’re great. You can be a great actress.
Retno : Really? Thanks. Actually I wasn’t that great.
Andi : What are you talking about? You did it very well.
Retno : Actually, I can’t do any play.
Andi : Why? I think your performance was great. Your acting in
the play was just great.
Retno : It wasn’t me. It’s my twin sister, Ratna.
Andi : Really? I thought it was you. I’m sorry.
Retno : That’s fine.
Andi : No. It embarrasses me.
Retno : That’s all right. We are identical twins.
Virga : Hi Denias. Do you know what has happened to Adib?
He’s been sacked. He is no longer student of our school.
Denias : Adib Ismawan? The one who always wears black jacket?
Virga : Yes.

Denias : Oh. Once, he put rubbish in my locker and some
pebbles into my bag.
Virga : He did? What a naughty boy. You know, he put a stone
inside my bag and I didn’t know when he did it.
Denias : What did you do, then?
Virga : I reported it to the school principal.
Denias : What happened then?
Virga : He was punished.
Denias : He deserved harsh punishments.
Virga : Yes, he did.

1. The main character of the story is ...
A a guy
B a girl

C a couple of husband and wife
D a family
E a group of people

2. Why did the guy break up with his girlfriend?
A He wanted to concentrate on his career.
B The girl said that she wanted to go to Paris and would not come back.
C The guy had found another girl for him.
D The guy’s parents did not like the girl at all.
E The girl’s parents did not allow her to marry the man.

3. He.......................... after he broke up with his girlfriend.
A got very frustrated
B found another girl who could understand him a lot

C got married with another girl
D regained his confidence and worked very hard.
E met the girl’s parents
4. Finally, he could......................................... ....................
A establish his own company and succeeded in his business.
B find another woman and got married with her.
C recover himself after a long period of frustration.
D meet the girl again and got married with her.
E find her and got married and lived happily ever after.

5. ..........................................., he saw his ex-girlfriend’s parents going to the cemetery.
A When he was in his office
B When he was driving his saloon

C When he was in a vacation
D When he visited a friend’s house
E When he is in a funeral
6. He wanted to show his ex-girlfriend’s parents that...............................
A he had got another girl and was ready to get married.
B their daughter did a bad thing by leaving him.
C he was happy to break up with their daughter.
D his parents were their friends.
E he had become a rich man after he broke up with their daughter.

7. Actually, the girl died because of.............. ...................
A committing suicide
B an accident

C cancer
D a fire in Paris
E giving birth
8. Why did the girl want her parents put the paper cranes next to her tomb?
A because she wanted the man to know that she loved him
B because she hated the paper cranes
C because her parents did not know where to put it
D because the man asked her to do
E because her parents told her to

9. The man knew that she................................. and he could only weep next to her tombstone.

A left him
B got to Paris

C died
D hated him
E always loved him
10. “...if the day comes when fate brings him to her again he can take some of those back
with him.” What does the statement mean?
A She wanted her parents to bring him to her.
B She wanted the man to take back his paper cranes.
C She hated the paper cranes so that she wanted the man to take them back.
D He believed that the girl would return his paper cranes.
E The girl wanted the man to know that she loved him very much.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Activity 2 Read the text
quickly (scan read) to get the
topic of the text.

Arrange the following jumbled sentences into
a paragraph.
1. I don't have to spend time picking out my clothes
every morning.
2. There are many reasons why I like wearing a uniform
to school.
3. Wearing a uniform also saves money.
Activity 1 4. First of all, it saves time.
5. It is cheaper to purchase a few uniforms than to go
out and buy lots of school clothes.
6. Most importantly, wearing a school uniform gives me
a sense that I belong.
7. In addition, I don't have the pressure of keeping up
with the latest styles.
8. I really think it adds to the feeling of school spirit and
community.
9. So, why should we be uncomfortable wearing it?

Answer the following questions !
1. What is the topic of the paragraph?
Activity 2 2. Does the writer express his/her
arguments?
3. What are his/her arguments?
4. Does the writer recommend
something concerning the issue?
5. What is the recommendation?

Activity 3 Read the
following text

Indonesian People Should Value All the Different Cultures to Promote Unity of the Nation.
Indonesia is a culturally-diverse country. Many different religions and cultures from many
provinces are now seen living side by side in many places. One of the biggest questions facing
Indonesian today is how to deal with a culturally diverse citizenry and then promote unity. Therefore,
Indonesians should appreciate differences among culture for the following reasons. Firstly, Indonesia
is vulnerable to separation for its archipelago and culture diversity. Raising tolerance among people is
the best way to maintain the unity among differences. Many ways or cultures of living are equally legal,
even if they are not regarded as normal by some people. If a society claims to be tolerant of personal
choice, then it must respect the personal choice to retain their heritage. Then, unity of the nation can be
preserved.
Secondly, Indonesians must recognize that every culture has different customs and beliefs.
Thus, people are forbidden to make judgments of comparative value, for it is measuring something
unmeasured. A plurality of nations, especially in the modern era, can allow for cultural development
and cultural exchange that benefits both parties. The cross-cultural understanding among cultures
makes the world a better place and preserves the unity of the nation. Lastly, raising nationalism is one
way to preserve unity of the nation. It is a sense of fellow feeling between group members. This
promotes cooperation and social cohesion within the group. The sense of social cooperation makes
welfare, social security and medical programs much more likely and stronger.
Cultural differences are sometime a sensitive matter for people. Indonesian people must teach
younger generation about the importance of the cultural identity and nationalism to promote unity of
the nation. Source: http://www.idebate.org

Questions
1. What issue does the author argue?
2. Why should Indonesian people raise the tolerance among them?
3. Why is it forbidden to make a judgement of comparative value of
other cultures?
4. What is the benefit of a plurality of a nation?
5. What recommendation does the author propose?

1. What does the text tell us?
A. Some complaints on home schooling
B. Children’s complaints on homeschooling
C. Ban on home schooling
D. Some criticisms and suggestions on home schooling
E. The government’s concern in home schooling
2. Where does home schooling meet state requirements for
compulsory education?
A. In Indonesia
B. In Canada and the US
C. In Japan
D. In Canada and Japan
E. In the US and in Great Britain
3. How many important points of home schooling should be noticed
according to the text?
A. One only
B. Two points
C. Three points
D. Four points
E. Five points

4. What do our children need to live in such big country?
A. creativity
B. financial support
C. computer skill
D. independence
E. social awareness
5. What should be prepared for children to fit into the society
according to the text?
A. creativity
B. financial support
C. the sense of unity
D. independence
E. high quality school
6. Where do children get the sense of unity easily according to the
text?
A. In home schools
B. In public schools
C. In their own home
D. In their own community
E. In their own ethnic society

7. Considering the weakness of home schooling, what should be
done according to the text?
A. Parents should give them many social opportunities.
B. Parents should be able to tell them to study harder.
C. Home schools teachers should be able to teach social sciences.
D. The government must ban home schooling.
E. Parents should not have their children home schooled.
8. The word “it” in line 16 refers to ...
A.a social community
B.an ethnic group
C.a public school
D.home schooling
E.the government
9. The word “them” in the last line refers to ...
A. The government
B. parents
C. children
D. home schools
E. public schools

10. The Indonesian equivalent of “scouting troop” is ...
A. Karang taruna
B.OSIS
C.PMR
D.Pecinta alam
E. Pramuka

Abbs, Brian, et al. 2001. Take Off. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan. 2006. Standar Isi. Jakarta: Departemen
Pendidikan Nasional.
Baxter, Nicola. 2000. My Treasury of Five Minute Stories. Leicester: Armadillo Books.
Blanchard, Karen and Christine Root. 2003. Ready to Write. New York: Pearson
Education.
Cain, Joyce S.. 2002. Eye on Editing 1. New York: Pearson Education.
Cain, Joyce S.. 2003. Eye on Editing 2. New York: Pearson Education, Inc.
Calandra, Angelo and Grace Ciavarella. 2000. SOSE: Studies of Society &
Environment.
Milton: John Wiley & Sons Australia.
Childcraft Team. 1993. Nature in Danger: Volume 4. Chicago: World Book Inc.
Conrad, Joseph. 1997. Selected Short Story. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Editions Ltd.
Cunningham, Sarah and Peter Moor. 2003. Cutting Edge. Essex: Pierson Books.
Davis, Colin. Exploring Poetry: Workbook 2. Singapore: Federal Publication.
Duff, Allan and Maley Alan. 2003. Literature. New York: Oxford University Press

Ellis, Rod, et al. 2001. High Impact. Quarry Bay: Pearson Education North Asia.
Frank, Steven. 2000. Public Speaking. Massachusetts: Adams Media Corporation.
Haris, M., dkk. 2001. Opportunities. Essex: Pearson Education.
Ibrahim, Farida J. and Beatrice TiyagaRajah. 1990. English Form 4. Kuala
Lumpur:Mutiara Cemerlang.
Klarer, Mario. 1998. An Introduction to Literary Studies. London: Routledge.
Littlejohn, Andrew and Diana Hicks. 2000. Cambridge English for Schools: Student′s
Book Three. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Maurer, Jay and Irene E. Schoenberg. 1998. True Colors: An EFL Course for Real
Communication 1. New York: Addison Wesley Longman.
Mickie, Anne. 2002. 50 Bedtime Stories. North Parade: Grandreams Books.
Pickett, William P.. 1997. The Chicken Smells Good. New York: Prentice Hall Regents.
Rahim. 2002. Tales of Wisdom. Delhi: Rohan Book Company.
Randle, Damian. 1993. Natural Resources. New York: Thomson Learning.
Sun, Ruth Q.. 1998. The Asian Animal Zodiac. Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle Publishing s

The World Book Encyclopedia. 2007. London: World Book.
The World Book Student Discovery Encyclopedia. 2006. Chicago: World Book.
Vurnkes, Claudia. 1999. As a Matter of Fact: Nonfi ction Reading Comprehension.
Michigan: Instructional Fair Publishing Group.
Walker, Michael. 1990. Addison–Wesley Kids 4: An English Course. Reading: Addison–
Wesley.

Websites
en.wikipedia.org
http://www.pitt.edu/
www.rd.com
www.jokestogo.com
www.metrolyrics.com
www.hundland.com
www.st.rim.or.jp
www.conferenceleaders.com
www.fcps.edu

H. M. SARTONO, S.Pd

Pembina IV/a
NIP : 19601231 198601 1 055

Hortatory exposition 1

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