all about artificial intelligence

1. Submitted to-
Anjali soni
It department
Submitted by
Samaksh Shrivastava
I.T.(4th semester )
Roll no.- 0201IT141071

2. Content
 What is intelligence
 What is ai
 History of ai
 parts of ai
 Applications of ai
 Future of ai

3. What is intelligence?
• In simple words Intelligence is the ability to acquire
and apply knowledge and skills to make a decision.
• In our daily life we make thousands of decisions
about what to wear? what to eat? Whom to
talk? And many others
To make these decisions we use our information
about these things. this is the application of
knowledge. And we collect this information from
our observation and interpretation. What we
observe and what we interpret always affects our
decision.

4. What is artificial intelligence?
•The branch of computer science.
In which The study and design
of Intelligent Agent.
• It is also a field of study which
studies how to create computers
and computer software that are
capable of intelligent behavior.
• so simply the ability of a computer or other
machine to perform those activities that are
normally thought to require intelligence is called
artificial intelligence.
According to John Mc Carthy, “ It is the science
and engineering of making intelligent machine.”

5. History of artificial intelligence
•The beginning: Thinking machines and artificial beings
appear in Greek myths, such as Talos of Crete, the bronze
robot of Hephaestus, and Pygmalion's Galatea.
• 1956: Computer were solving word problem in algebra,
proving logical theorems and speaking English.
• In the early 80s: AI research was received by the
commercial success of Expert System.
• In the 90s and early 21st century: Artificial intelligence
is used for logistics, data mining, medical diagnosis and
many other areas throughout the industry.

6. Problems in artificial intelligence
1.Deduction, reasoning, problem solving
2.Knowledge Representation
3.Planning
4.Learning
5.Natural language proccessing
6. Motion and manipulation
7.Perception
8.Creativity
9.General intelligence

7. Deduction, reasoning, problem solving:-
Early AI researchers developed Algorithms that
imitated the step-by-step reasoning that human beings
use when they solve puzzles, play board games or make
logical deductions. The search for more efficient
problem-solving algorithms is a high priority for AI
research.
But the human being solve most of their problem using
fast intuitive judgments rather than the conscious step
by step deduction that early AI research was able to
model.
To solve this contradictory problem nowadays a new
set of processes is in use which is combinational
explosion.

8. Knowledge
Representation:-
Many of the problems
machines are expected to
solve will require extensive
knowledge about the world.
Among the things that AI needs
to represent are: objects,
properties, categories and
relations between
objects situations, events,
states and time, causes and
effects, knowledge. An ontology represents knowledge
as a set of concepts within a domain
and the relationships between those
concepts

9. Planning:-
Intelligent agents must be able to set goals and achieve
them. They need a way to visualize the future and be able to
make choices that maximize the "value" of the available
choices.
In classical planning problems, the agent can assume that it
is the only thing acting on the world and it can be certain
what the consequences of its actions may be.
Learning:-
Machine learning has been central to AI research from the
beginning.
The mathematical analysis of machine learning algorithms
and their performance is a branch of theoretical computer
science known as computational learning theory.
The machine learning is the base of many other field related
to AI like robotics.

10. Natural language
processing:-
Natural language
processing gives machines
the ability to read and
understand the languages
that the human beings
speak.
To solve the problem of
understanding natural
language, to extract it and to
process it, we use a common
method of processing and
extracting meaning from
natural language is through
semantic indexing
A parse tree represents
the syntactic structure of a
sentence according to some formal
grammar.

11. Perception
Machine perception is the ability to use input from
sensors (such as cameras, microphones, sonar and
others more exotic) to deduce aspects of the world.
Today's world of computer gestures and modern
technology in IOT and visual graphics is fully
dependent on this part of AI.
Motion and manipulation
The field of robotics is closely related to AI.
Intelligence is required for robots to be able to handle
such tasks as object manipulation and navigation,
with sub-problems of localization (knowing where you
are), mapping (learning what is around you) and
motion planning (figuring out how to get there.

12. Creativity:-
A sub-field of AI addresses creativity both theoretically
(from a philosophical and psychological perspective) and
practically (via specific implementations of systems that
generate outputs that can be considered creative).
General intelligence:-
It is also known as strong AI.
Many researchers think that their work will eventually
be incorporated into a machine with general intelligence
is combining all the skills above and exceeding human
abilities at most or all of them.
But this one is the most toughest task to do.

13. Applications of artificial intelligence
today’s world is surrounded with the application of AI,
we are using AI in following sectors
 in weather forecasting.
In understanding the natural and ancient language.
For 3D figure reorganization and building them using 3D
printer.
In spy robots and military machines like smart bombs.
 In playing self destructive simulation games.
 diagnosing and treatment of any complicated medical
condition.

14. Future of artificial intelligence
The ability to invent intelligent machines has
fascinated humans since the ancient times.
Researchers are creating systems and programs that
could mimic human thoughts and try doing things
that human could do
The insights and theory brought about the Artificial
Intelligence will set a trend in the future. The current
products are just the beginning of the future trend.
The prediction of the usage of Artificial Intelligence
is vast. This is a common topic both in science
fiction and projections about the future society and
technology. Some believe that with the onset of
Artificial Intelligence, the progress of the country
would be limited and some believe that since these
could be replaced for various tasks that humans do, it
may lead to unemployment too.