1. Six Sigma Approach
Towards Member
Recruitment in APICS
Todd Horn
Mert Dagoglu
Jaime Martinez
Sai Dinesh Koppuravuri
ISYE 539 Class Project Presentation
Fall 2013

2. Introduction
• APICS (The Association for Operations Management) is a
professional student organization in the Operation
Management & Information Systems Department at NIU
• APICS sponsors speakers, tours, networking opportunities and
case competitions through its weekly meetings
• Need more funds and resources to carry out more activities
through APICS
• The organization is currently experiencing trouble to retain the
current members and also to increase the current members

4. Project Charter
Project Charter
Project Title:
Project Team
Role
Project Sponsor
Project Leader
Team Members
Name
Dr.Damodaran
Jaime Martinez
Sai Dinesh Koppuravuri
Mert Dagoglu
Todd Horn
Increase APICS membership
Stakeholders
Role
Name
Six Sigma Champion
President of APICS
Problem Statement
Goal Statement
Last semester APICS had 5 members. This semester
there are 25 students who show up to meetings but
only 10 of them are active members who have paid
their dues and contribute in their activities.
Increase the number of active members by 10 by the
end of the semester.
COPQ Summary
VOC-Key customers
Unpaid dues are needed to fund the activities and
members are needed to volunteer the activities
Scope
Project Plan
Start of Project
End of Define
End of Measure
End of Analyse
End of Improve
End of Control/Project
Plan
10/4/2013
10/7/2013
11/4/2013
11/4/2013
11/20/2013
12/6/2013
Actual

6. Exploratory Data Collection
• Interviews
– Jose Lopez (President)
– Dr. Shailesh Godambe (APICS Advisor)
– Dr. Gerald Aase (Former APICS Advisor)
– Dr. Mackie (AITP Advisor)
• Survey
– APICS
– OMIS classes

7. KPI Tree

8. Minimum Sample Size
Continuous Data
Attribute Data

9. Data Collection
• Collected data
– Marketing
– Attendance
– Continuity of member
• Survey both APICS members and OMIS majors

10. Pareto Chart

11. Measurement System Analysis
• Measurement Systems
– Interviews
– Surveys
– Record Keeping
• Issues
– Opinion Bias
– Human Error

12. Distribution
Histogram of Attendance
4
2
1
Probability Plot of Attendance
Normal
0
99
5
10
15
Attendance
20
Mean
StDev
N
AD
P-Value
25
95
90
80
Histogram and normality test
show data does not follow a
normal distribution
Percent
Frequency
3
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
1
-5
0
5
10
15
Attendance
20
25
30
11.57
7.101
14
1.170
<0.005

13. Johnson Transformation
Johnson Transformation for Attendance
99
N
14
AD
1.170
P-Value <0.005
90
Percent
Select a T r ansfor mation
50
10
P-Value for A D test
P r obability P lot for O r iginal Data
0.61
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Ref P
0.0
0.2
1
0
20
40
0.4
0.6
0.8
Z Value
1.0
(P-Value = 0.005 means <= 0.005)
P r obability P lot for T r ansfor med Data
99
N
14
AD
0.176
P-Value 0.904
Percent
90
50
10
1
-2.5
0.0
2.5
5.0
P -V alue for Best F it: 0.903724
Z for Best F it: 0.61
Best Transformation Ty pe: S L
Transformation function equals
-1.88770 + 1.17486 * Ln( X - 4.32609 )
1.2

14. Process Capability
Process Capability of Attendance
Johnson Transformation with SL Distribution Type
-1.888 + 1.175 * Ln( X - 4.326 )
LS L*
transformed data
P rocess D ata
LS L
15
Target
*
USL
*
S ample M ean
11.5714
S ample N
14
S tD ev (O v erall) 7.10053
O v erall C apability
Pp
*
PPL
-0.27
PPU
*
P pk
-0.27
C pm
*
A fter Transformation
LS L*
Target*
U S L*
S ample M ean*
S tD ev (O v erall)*
0.89414
*
*
-0.063997
1.16795
-2
O bserv ed P erformance
P P M < LS L 785714.29
PPM > USL
*
P P M Total 785714.29
E xp. O v erall P erformance
P P M < LS L* 793994.38
P P M > U S L*
*
P P M Total
793994.38
-1
0
1
2

16. Value Stream Mapping
Advertise
General Meeting
Sign up
Activities
Word of Mouth
Attend
Pay dues
Participation
Executive Board
Elections

17. 5 Whys
Problem Statement: The group does not have enough members to conduct activities
effectively.
1. Why can't you get new members?
There is a lack of advertising and lack of knowledge
2. Why is there no advertising?
There is a lack of execution by board/marketing members
3. Why are they not executing?
Board members don't take initiative, lack of time lack of direction. They have the
mentality of "do what you're told" and are not self driven. Also individuals do not
follow guidelines set for their position
4. Why aren't you getting self driven members?
There are no elections, just filling roles and didn't look at how well they'll perform.
5. Why aren’t there elections?
Organization does not have enough members and lack of advising

18. 7 Wastes
• Defect: Missing/wrong information, missing items, missing
activities
• Overproduction: Extra copies of charts and reports,
unnecessary procedures
• Waiting: Waiting for members, reports
• Over-processing: Entering or discussing the same data or
information about activities
• Transportation: Moving charts, reports, necessary equipment
for activities
• Unnecessary inventory: Obsolete charts, files and equipment
for activities
• Unnecessary motion: Searching for members, reports, activity
lists, information

19. Brainstorming
• Continuity of members
• Advisor issues
• Availability of members
• Marketing

20. Fishbone
Continuity of Members
Advisor Issues
Not Engaged
Change in how
group runs
Don't see benefit
Learning Curve
Graduate
Lack of help
Problem Statement:
Want to increase the
number of memebers of
APICS
meeting times
not convenient
other groups
Availability of Members
lack of new members
uninformed
Marketing

21. Run Chart
Run Chart of Attendance
30
Attendance
25
20
15
10
5
1
2
3
Number of runs about median:
Expected number of runs:
Longest run about median:
Approx P-Value for Clustering:
Approx P-Value for Mixtures:
4
5
2
8.0
7
0.000
1.000
6
7
8
9
Observation
Number of runs up or down:
Expected number of runs:
Longest run up or down:
Approx P-Value for Trends:
Approx P-Value for Oscillation:
10
4
9.0
10
0.000
1.000
11
12
13
14

22. FMEA
FAILURE MODE AND EFFECTS ANALYSIS
Core Team:
Process
Function
Marketing
APICS Six Sigma Project
Potential
Failure
Mode
lack of
marketing
Potential S
Effect(s) of e
Failure
v
no new
members
7
confusion of studetns
6
activity
don't come
Potential
Cause(s)/
Mechanis
m(s) of
Failure
members
don’t
actively
market
students
don't know
about the
organizatio
n
advisor is
poorly
trained
meeting
times are
not
convienent
Advising
lack of
advising
group has
no
direction
3
Time
lack of
lack of
participation members
5
Meetings
meetings
lack of
members
4 are not
engagement do not stay
useful
O
c
c
u
r
Current
Process
Controls
D
e
t
e
c
R
P
N
Action Results
Recommended
Action(s)
Responsible
10 word of mouth
8
should market
organizational
560 through more than
officals
just fliers
7 word of mouth
8
should market
organizational
336 through more than
officals
just fliers
adivsor given
7 infromation from
previous advisor
Advisor should be
10 210 given clear
department
guidelines
meetings are
7 weekly at a set
time
8
280
weekly meetings
and special
8
meetings
periodically
8
create lessons for
organizational
256 the meetings
officals
(teach a skill)
find a convient
meeting time
S O D
Actions Taken e c e
v c t
R
P
N

24. Negative Brainstorming
• How can we not get any new members?
• How can we lose our current members?
• How can we have no one show up for meetings?

25. Assumption Busting
• Students will see the value of the organization
• Students will want to join if they know about it
• The advisor for the group is well informed
• The elected student leaders will work to improve the group

26. Prioritization Matrix

28. Statistical Process Control (SPC)
• Test if the process is in control
• Using an I-MR Chart

29. Project Report
• The project report will include
• And outline of the DMAIC process
– Key conclusions
– Decisions
– Solutions
• Lessons learned
• Records and data
• Closure action log

30. Closure Log
• Outline of outstanding actions
– Survey for proximity matrix
– Increase amount of advertising for APICS
– Collect number of members at weekly meetings
– Create control plans
– Standardized processes
– SPC check if process is in control
– Finalize project report

31. Conclusions
• This project focused to help APICS to increase the number of
active members by 10 by the end of the semester.
• The improvements that should be applied to APICS include:
-Improving marketing
-Branching out to other departs outside of OMIS
-Including a beneficial skill for each meeting
-Improving executive board with better outlined expectations
-Increasing role of the APICS advisor
-More convenient meeting times

32. Reference
• Damodaran, P. (2013). Six Sigma Performance Excellence and
Modern Problem Solving. Retrieved from Northern Illinois
University Web site:
https://webcourses.niu.edu/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp