Basic vocabulary for studying population geography

1. Vocabulary

3. Population Vocabulary
 Demography  Population Pyramid
 Population  Replacement Rate
Distribution  Dependency Ratio
 Population Density
 Birth Rate
 Death Rate
 Life Expectancy
 Demographic
Transition Model
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4. Demography
The study of human populations and how
they change over time.
Vocabulary
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5. Population Distribution
The pattern of population- where people
live- in a country, a continent, or the
world.
Looking at the map,
how can you tell where
the largest populations
live in the United
States?
Can you describe
where the largest
population distribution is
in the U.S.?
What about the lowest
Vocabulary
population distribution?
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6. Population Distribution
 Sparsely populated- contain few
people
 Tend to be difficult places to live
 Example: Antarctica
 Densely populated- contain many
people
 Tend to be livable environments
 Example: Europe
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7. Where do people live in the
U.S.?
What do the bright
lights indicate?
Why are there more
bright lights on the
east coast?
What influences
where people live in
the United States?
Describe which
areas are sparsely
populated and
which are densely
populated.
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8. Population Density
Average number of people who live in a
measurable area such as a square mile
or kilometer.
What do you
notice about the
population
distribution of the
world?
What areas have a
high population
density?
What areas have a
low population
density? Vocabulary
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9. Population Density
Notice that the world’s population is uneven. The most densely
populated areas are located between 20°N and 60°N. This area has a
large amount of land with temperate temperatures.
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10. Factors Affecting Population Density
Physical High Density Low Density
Factors
Shape and height Low land which is flat. High land that is
of land Ex. Northern European mountainous. Ex.
Plain Himalayas
Resources Areas rich in Areas with too few
resources (coal, oil, resources. Ex. Area
wood, fishing, etc.) Ex. located below Sahara
Western Europe called The Sahel
Climate Areas of temperate Areas with extreme
climates- plenty of rain hot and cold climates.
and heat. Ex. The Ex. Sahara
United Kingdom
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11. Factors Affecting Population Density
Human High Density Low Density
Factors
Political Countries with stable Countries with
governments. Ex. unstable
United States governments- people
migrate. Ex.
Afghanistan
Social People want to live People prefer to be
close to each other for isolated. Ex.
security. Ex. United Scandinavians
States
Economic Good job opportunities Limited job
particularly in large opportunities. Ex.
cities. Amazon Rainforest
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12. Factors for population changes
 Birth rate
 Death rate
 Migration
The first two factors are the major reasons for the
change. When birth rates are higher than death rates,
the population will increase.
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13. Birth Rate
The number of births in a year for every
1,000 people in a population.
What regions have
lower birth rates?
What regions have
higher birth rates?
Why do regions in the
world have different
levels of birth rates?
Vocabulary
The darker colors represent the countries with high
birth rates
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14. Death Rate
The number of deaths in a year for every
1,000 people in a population.
What regions have low
death rates?
What regions have high
death rates?
Why do different regions
of the world have higher
death rates?
Vocabulary
The darker colors represent the countries with
higher death rates.
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15. Life Expectancy
The number of years a person can expect
to live.
Japan has
highest life
expectancy
in the
world.
Vocabulary
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16. Life Expectancy
Life expectancy gives an overall indicator of how healthy a country
is. A great deal of information can be derived from studying life
expectancy such as the standard of living. As a general rule, the
higher the life expectancy, the healthier (and more developed) a
country is.
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17. Demographic Transition Model
The model shows how a countries population
Vocabulary
changes as it develops. The model is divided into 4
stages.
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18. Demographic Transition Model
 Stage 1
 Low population growth
 Birth & death rates
high- results in little
population change
 Characterized world
population until 17th
century
 Low total population
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19. Demographic Transition Model
 Stage 2
 Rapid population
growth
 Birth rate is high with
economic
development
beginning
 Death rate falls with
improved healthcare
and more food
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20. Demographic Transition Model
 Stage 3
 Population growth
begins to slow
 Falling birth rate- as
economy improves
growth slows
 Low death rate
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21. Demographic Transition Model
 Stage 4
 Negative or no
population growth
 Birth and death rates
drop to low levels
 Over time birth rates
fall behind death rates
 High total population
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22. Population Pyramid
A graph that is used to show the males
and females within different age groups
of a population.
Vocabulary
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23. The female population from
20-24 years would make up
a little over 4% of the
population.
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24. 24

25. Population Pyramids
 Wide at bottom
shows rapid
population growth-
more born than
dieing
 Straight sides show
nearly equal
 Narrow at bottom
shows negative
population growth-
more dieing than
born
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26. Population Pyramids
 Developing countries
usually have wide
base and narrow top-
represents high birth
& death rates
 Developed countries
usually have equal
distribution through
age groups- top gets
narrower due to
deaths
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27. Replacement Rate
When enough babies are born to replace
those people who die each year.
Vocabulary
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28. Dependency Ratio
Compares the number of dependents too
young or old to work (persons under age
15 or above age 64) with the countries
working-age population (persons over ages
15 to 64).
Vocabulary
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29. Dependency Ratio
 Low dependency- too
few workers have few
dependents to
support
 High dependency- a
high means a lot of
young or old people
for workers to
support
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