This document discusses the nations mentioned in Genesis 10 and Ezekiel 38. It begins by outlining the objective of understanding the origins and identities of the nations. It then examines how the nations began with the families of Noah after the flood. Several maps are presented showing possible dispersion patterns of Noah's descendants across Asia, Africa and Europe. The document identifies the aggressors from the north led by Gog and Magog, as well as resisting nations from the south such as merchants of Tarshish. It explores possible identifications of these groups with ancient and modern day peoples and locations.

1. The nations in Genesis 10 & Ezekiel 38 Part 1 Laindon Bible Class 20th & 27th January 2010

2. The objective of this study “To obtain a better understanding: of the origins of the nations, in a Biblical context of how we can identify the nations referred to in Ezekiel’s prophecy chapter 38” The nations... 2

3. Our approach to this study Where did the making of nations begin? The families of Noah The nations of Genesis 10 (also found in 1 Chronicles 1) Placing the names found in Ezekiel 38 Interpreting the nations in their current context The nations... 3

4. An amazing diversity of peoples 4 The nations...

5. Where it all began... 5 The nations... Genesis 11:1-9

6. Language confounded... 6800 languages in 200 countries 6 The nations...

8. The ‘gate of God’Babel or Babylon... 7 The nations...

9. Some factors to consider There have been almost 4,500 years of migration plus sustained growth from just 8 people to around 6,800,000,000 We need to decide whether: nations are places or races prophets were speaking of the present or future locations of nations Names have altered as languages have evolved and changed The nations... 8

10. Noah’s children & grandchildren The nations... 9 Noah Japheth Ham Shem Gomer Cush Elam Magog Mizraim Asshur Madai Put Arphaxad Javan Canaan Lud Tubal Aram Meshech Source: Genesis 10 Tiras

11. Seventy in scripture 70 families/nations in Genesis 10 (Shem 26, Ham 30 and Japheth 14) 70 souls came down into Egypt (Genesis 46) 70 bulls at the Feast of Tabernacles (Numbers 29) 70 elders to assist Moses (Numbers 11) 70 disciples sent out by Jesus (Luke 10) The nations... 10

12. The 3 Great Races The nations... 11

13. Inbuilt genetic information not evolution The nations... 12 Durrant twins x2 Hodgson twins Richardson twins

14. Japheth’s descendants The nations... 13 Japheth Gomer Magog Madai Javan Tubal Meshech Tiras Ashkenaz Elishah Riphath Tarshish Togarmah Kittim Rodanim Source: Genesis 10

15. Ham’s descendants The nations... 14 Ham Cush Mizraim Put Canaan Seba Ludites Arkites Sidon Havilah Anamites Sinites Hittites Sabtah Lehabites Arvadites Jebusites Raamah Naphtuhites Zemarites Amorites Sheba Pathrusites Hamathites Girgashites Dedan Casluhites Hivites Sabtecah Philistines Source: Genesis 10 Nimrod Caphtorites

16. Shem’s descendants The nations... 15 Shem Elam Asshur Arphaxad Lud Aram Shelah Uz Almodad Eber Hul Sheleph Obal Peleg Gether Hazarmaveth Ahimael Joktan Jerah Sheba Meshech Hadoram Ophir Uzal Havilah Diklah Jobab Abraham Source: Genesis 10

17. The dispersion of Noah’s family The nations... 16 Japheth Ham Shem Source: Moody Bible Atlas

18. Possible migration patterns The nations... 17 Source: Arthur C Custance

19. Alternative maps of dispersion (1) The nations... 18 Source: Thomas Nelson Bible Atlas

20. Alternative maps of dispersion (2) The nations... 19 Source: The Lion Atlas of Bible History

21. Alternative maps of dispersion (3) The nations... 20 Source: Exposition of Ezekiel by John Allfree

22. The ‘lost ten tribes’ view The nations... 21 Source: Origins of the Nations

23. Thoughts on the 3 races “He shall dwell in the tents of Shem” Genesis 9:27 The birth of Jesus: the shepherds, the wise men and “a light to...the Gentiles” (Simeon) The three synoptic gospels The crucifixion: the Jews, Simon of Cyrene and Pilate the Roman governor The converts to Christ: the Ethiopian Eunuch, Cornelius and Saul (Paul) The nations... 22

24. The words of Daniel in chapter 2 of his prophecy 20 Daniel answered and said, Blessed be the name of God for ever and ever: for wisdom and might are his: 21 And he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding: 22 He revealeth the deep and secret things: he knoweth what is in the darkness, and the light dwelleth with him. 23 I thank thee, and praise thee, O thou God of my fathers, who hast given me wisdom and might, and hast made known unto me now what we desired of thee: for thou hast now made known unto us the king's matter. The nations... 23

25. The nations in Genesis 10 & Ezekiel 38 To be continued (God Willing) Laindon Bible Class 20th & 27th January 2010

26. The nations in Genesis 10 & Ezekiel 38 Part 2 Laindon Bible Class 20th & 27th January 2010

27. The objective of this study “To obtain a better understanding: of the origins of the nations, in a Biblical context of how we can identify the nations referred to in Ezekiel’s prophecy chapter 38” The nations... 26

28. Our approach to this study Where did the making of nations begin? The families of Noah The nations of Genesis 10 (also found in 1 Chronicles 1) The nations... 27

29. Our approach to this study Where did the making of nations begin? The families of Noah The nations of Genesis 10 (also found in 1 Chronicles 1) Placing the names found in Ezekiel 38 Interpreting the nations in their current context The nations... 28

30. Structure of Ezekiel 38 :1-12 The invading nations from the north :13 The resisting nations of the south :14-16 The Gogian invasion :17-23 The visible judgements of God upon Gog and his confederates The nations... 29

31. The aggressor nations The nations... 30 Gog Land of Magog

32. Likely location of the Scythians The nations... 31 Source: Atlas of Biblical Geography By Coleman (1854)

33. 1st century BC location of the Scythians The nations... 32

34. The wall of ‘al Magog’ (Arabic) The nations... 33

35. The aggressor nations The nations... 34 Chief Prince (Rosh) Gog Tubal Land of Magog Meshech

36. Russia & State of Georgia The nations... 35

37. The aggressor nations The nations... 36 Gomer Chief Prince (Rosh) Gog Tubal Ethiopia Land of Magog Meshech Persia Togarmah Libya The King of the North and his confederates

38. Gomer & Togarmah The nations... 37 Source: Exposition of Ezekiel by John Allfree

39. The aggressor nations The nations... 38 Gomer Chief Prince (Rosh) Gog Tubal Ethiopia Land of Magog Meshech Persia Togarmah Libya The King of the North and his confederates

40. The intervention of the King of the South Daniel chapter 11:40-45 “And at the time of the end shall the king of the south push at him...” Ezekiel 38:13 “Sheba, and Dedan, and the merchants of Tarshish, with all the young lions thereof, shall say unto thee, Art thou come to take a spoil?...” The nations... 39

41. The resisting nations The nations... 40 Merchants of Tarshish Sheba* Dedan* & the young lions thereof The King of the South and his allies * Descendants of Ham or Abraham? (Genesis 25:3)

42. Merchants of Tarshish A far place or port eg Jonah took a boat to Tarshish when he fled Source of silver (Jeremiah 10:9) Source of silver, iron, tin and lead (Ezekiel 27:12) Solomon sent ships there (2 Chronicles 9:21) but cargo included ivory, peacocks and apes The nations... 41

43. The Phoenician trade routes The nations... 42

44. Herodotus & the Cassiterides “...nor am I acquainted with the Cassiterides (the Tin islands),from whence our tin comes ...from the remotest parts” Source: Histories, book three, para 115 Note: Tin was critically important for the production of bronze The nations... 43

45. England’s Royal Standard... The nations... 44

46. ...and the young lions The nations... 45

47. The link of Tarshish with Tyre “Howl, ye ships of Tarshish for it [Tyre] is laid waste” Isaiah 23:1 The ‘latter day Tarshish’ has all the main characteristics of Tyre: great trading nation (0.16% world territory; 0.88% population; 8th largest trading nation) very small but has been a great power a seafaring and migrating people an enduring monarchy...etc The nations... 46

48. Britain’s greatest colony! The nations... 47

49. Where are they now? The nations... 48 Source: Exposition of Ezekiel by John Allfree

50. Revelation 20:7-9 7 And when the thousand years are expired, Satan shall be loosed out of his prison, 8 And shall go out to deceive the nations which are in the four quarters of the earth, Gog and Magog, to gather them together to battle: the number of whom is as the sand of the sea. 9 And they went up on the breadth of the earth, and compassed the camp of the saints about, and the beloved city: and fire came down from God out of heaven, and devoured them. The nations... 49

51. The nations in Genesis 10 & Ezekiel 38 The end of our study Laindon Bible Class 20th & 27th January 2010