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Real-Time Implementation of a  Sphere Decoder-Based  MIMO Wireless System 14th EURASIP European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 4-8th September 2006, Florence, Italy Institute for Digital Communications School of Engineering and Electronics University of Edinburgh Communications and Digital Signal Processing Area Mondragon Goi Eskola Politeknikoa University of Mondragon ,[object Object]
Index ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Index ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introduction Background The Sphere Decoder is considered the most promising approach to Maximum Likelihood MIMO detection  [Viterbo99][Damen03]. Several interesting real-time implementations of the SD algorithm: ,[object Object],[object Object],However, the integration of the Sphere Decoder in a real-time system needs to be further analyzed to evaluate BER and throughput degradation due to: ,[object Object],[object Object],K-best: 53 Mbps constant. (4x4 16-QAM, Eb/No = 20 dB)  [Wong02] Full search: 114.5 Mbps variable  (4x4 16-QAM, Eb/No = 20  dB)  [Barbero05] Full search: 169 Mbps variable. (4x4 16-QAM, Eb/No = 20 dB)  [Burg05]
Introduction Motivation Sphere Decoder Univ. of Edinburgh ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Real-Time  Prototyping Platform Univ. of Mondragon ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introduction Objectives 1.- Integration of the sphere decoder algorithm in the complete MIMO platform: a.- Platform for validating and comparing different implementations    of the Sphere Decoder algorithm. b.- Complexity analysis. 2.- Evaluation of the BER and throughput degradation due to: a.- Fixed point resolution. b.- Estimation and synchronization errors. c.- Validation maintaining the flat channel assumption: c1.- Low-rate real burst transmissions. c2.- High-rate channel emulator.
Index ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sphere Decoder System Model
Sphere Decoder Concept
Sphere Decoder Algorithm
Sphere Decoder Algorithm
Sphere Decoder Implementation work at the Univ. of Edinburgh ZF Control Partial Distance Partial Candidates Unit Sphere  Constraint Detection Internal Memory
Sphere Decoder Implementation work at the Univ. of Edinburgh
Index ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MIMO Prototyping Platform Hardware
MIMO Prototyping Platform Hardware MAX2827EVKit transceivers ,[object Object],[object Object],Hunt Heron HEPC9 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MIMO Prototyping Platform Tools Design and Simulation: Control and Hardware Cosimulation: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Synthesis and debugging: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Index ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Real-Time Implementation Assumptions A  narrowband Rayleigh AWGN channel  is required to validate the Matlab simulation-based results of the SD algorithm: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The  Sphere Decoder algorithm requires : ,[object Object],[object Object]
Real-Time Implementation Algorithms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Real-Time Implementation Task partitioning 2x2 16-QAM MIMO System  PCI-based communication with host software
Real-Time Implementation Co-simulation Flexible system to allow  step-by-step validation  of algorithm implementation: any algorithm can be chosen to run in Matlab, in the FPGA (may not be real-time) or both. Main setups: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Index ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results Resources Algorithm Mults Slices %Slices Transmitter 0 1,320 5.3% Receiver 74 11,923 48.3% Sync. & Ch. Estimation 18 2,693 10.9% Inversion & Cholesky dec. 33 4,608 18.6% Sphere Decoder 23 3,370 13.7% Channel Emulator 20 1,771 7.2% Comms & Control signals 0 1,542 6.2% Total Used 96 16,556 67.0% Total Availaible 216 24,696
Results Performance
Results Throughput
Index ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions and Future Work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Future work: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Conclusions:
Thank you!
References [Barbero05]  L. G. Barbero and J. S. Thompson, “Rapid prototyping of the sphere decoder for MIMO systems,” in  Proc. IEE/EURASIP Conference on DSP Enabled Radio (DSPeR ’05) , vol. 1, Southampton, UK, Sept. 2005, pp. 41–47. [Burg05]  A. Burg, M. Borgmann, M.Wenk, M. Zellweger, W. Fichtner, and H. Bölcskei, “VLSI implementation of MIMO detection using the sphere decoding algorithm,”  IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits , vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 1566–1577, July 2005. [Damen03]  M. O. Damen, H. E. Gamal, and G. Caire, “On maximumlikelihood detection and the search for the closest lattice point,”  IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory , vol. 49, no. 10, pp. 2389–2402, Oct. 2003. [Heiskala02]  J. Heiskala and J. Terry,  OFDM Wireless LANs: A Theoretical and Practical Guide . Indiana, USA: Sams Publishing, 2002. [Naguib98]  A. F. Naguib, V. Tarokh, N. Seshadri, and A. R. Calderbank, “A space-time coding modem for high-data-rate wireless communications,”  IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits , vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1459–1478, Oct. 1998. [Schnorr94]  C. P. Schnorr and M. Euchner, “Lattice basis reduction: Improved practical algorithms and solving subset sum problems,”  Mathematical Programming , vol. 66, pp. 181–199, 1994. [Simoens04]  F. Simoens and M. Moeneclaey, “A reduced complexity frequency offset estimation technique for flat fading mimo channels,” in  Proc. IEEE CAS Symposium on Emerging Technologies , vol. 2, Shanghai, China, June 2004, pp. 705–708. [Viterbo99]  E. Viterbo and J. Boutros, “A universal lattice code decoder for fading channels,”  IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory , vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 1639–1642, July 1999. [Wong02]  K. Wong, C. Tsiu, R. S. Cheng, and W. Mow, “A VLSI architecture of a K-best lattice decoding algorithm for MIMO channels,” in  Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS ’02) , vol. 3, Scottsdale, AZ, May 2002, pp. 273–276.
Real-Time Implementation Algorithms Implemented algorithms: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Extras
Real-Time Implementation of a  Sphere Decoder-Based  MIMO Wireless System 14th EURASIP European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 4-8th September 2006, Florence, Italy L. G. Barbero, J. S. Thompson Institute for Digital Communications School of Engineering and Electronics University of Edinburgh M. Mendicute, G. Landaburu, J. Altuna, V. Atxa Communications and Digital Signal Processing Area Mondragon Goi Eskola Politeknikoa University of Mondragon ,[object Object]

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Real-time Implementation of Sphere Decoder-based MIMO Wireless System (EUSIPCO'2006)

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Introduction Objectives 1.- Integration of the sphere decoder algorithm in the complete MIMO platform: a.- Platform for validating and comparing different implementations of the Sphere Decoder algorithm. b.- Complexity analysis. 2.- Evaluation of the BER and throughput degradation due to: a.- Fixed point resolution. b.- Estimation and synchronization errors. c.- Validation maintaining the flat channel assumption: c1.- Low-rate real burst transmissions. c2.- High-rate channel emulator.
  • 7.
  • 12. Sphere Decoder Implementation work at the Univ. of Edinburgh ZF Control Partial Distance Partial Candidates Unit Sphere Constraint Detection Internal Memory
  • 13. Sphere Decoder Implementation work at the Univ. of Edinburgh
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  • 21. Real-Time Implementation Task partitioning 2x2 16-QAM MIMO System PCI-based communication with host software
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  • 24. Results Resources Algorithm Mults Slices %Slices Transmitter 0 1,320 5.3% Receiver 74 11,923 48.3% Sync. & Ch. Estimation 18 2,693 10.9% Inversion & Cholesky dec. 33 4,608 18.6% Sphere Decoder 23 3,370 13.7% Channel Emulator 20 1,771 7.2% Comms & Control signals 0 1,542 6.2% Total Used 96 16,556 67.0% Total Availaible 216 24,696
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  • 30. References [Barbero05] L. G. Barbero and J. S. Thompson, “Rapid prototyping of the sphere decoder for MIMO systems,” in Proc. IEE/EURASIP Conference on DSP Enabled Radio (DSPeR ’05) , vol. 1, Southampton, UK, Sept. 2005, pp. 41–47. [Burg05] A. Burg, M. Borgmann, M.Wenk, M. Zellweger, W. Fichtner, and H. Bölcskei, “VLSI implementation of MIMO detection using the sphere decoding algorithm,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits , vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 1566–1577, July 2005. [Damen03] M. O. Damen, H. E. Gamal, and G. Caire, “On maximumlikelihood detection and the search for the closest lattice point,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory , vol. 49, no. 10, pp. 2389–2402, Oct. 2003. [Heiskala02] J. Heiskala and J. Terry, OFDM Wireless LANs: A Theoretical and Practical Guide . Indiana, USA: Sams Publishing, 2002. [Naguib98] A. F. Naguib, V. Tarokh, N. Seshadri, and A. R. Calderbank, “A space-time coding modem for high-data-rate wireless communications,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits , vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1459–1478, Oct. 1998. [Schnorr94] C. P. Schnorr and M. Euchner, “Lattice basis reduction: Improved practical algorithms and solving subset sum problems,” Mathematical Programming , vol. 66, pp. 181–199, 1994. [Simoens04] F. Simoens and M. Moeneclaey, “A reduced complexity frequency offset estimation technique for flat fading mimo channels,” in Proc. IEEE CAS Symposium on Emerging Technologies , vol. 2, Shanghai, China, June 2004, pp. 705–708. [Viterbo99] E. Viterbo and J. Boutros, “A universal lattice code decoder for fading channels,” IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory , vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 1639–1642, July 1999. [Wong02] K. Wong, C. Tsiu, R. S. Cheng, and W. Mow, “A VLSI architecture of a K-best lattice decoding algorithm for MIMO channels,” in Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS ’02) , vol. 3, Scottsdale, AZ, May 2002, pp. 273–276.
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