Nutrients needed by the body for growth and development

1. FOOD AND BODY
NUTRITION
Prepared by:
MARICARR D. ALEGRE

2. FOOD
• Any substance which, when absorbed
into your body tissues, yields materials
for the production of energy
• Also provides materials for growth,
maintenance and repair of body tissues

3. NUTRITION
• Process by which organisms obtain and use
food
• Nutrients – chemicals in the food ingested in
order to grow and remain healthy
Major Groups
1. Those that give energy
2. Those that do not give energy

4. CALORIE
• Unit of energy
• Amount of energy needed to raise
the temperature of 1 gram of water
to 1 degree Celcius

5. NUTRIENTS FOR
ENERGY

6. CARBOHYDRATES
• Food nutrients needed mainly to supply
energy
• It enters the body in the form of sugar
• It usually presents in food such as rice,
bread, root crops, dairy products and sweets
such as candies and chocolates

7. FOODS RICH IN
CARBOHYDRATES

8. FATS
• They provide energy to the body like
carbohydrates. The only difference is
that it provides more energy than
carbohydrates
• It is also a very important structure of
the cell membrane(phospholipid bilayer)
• It is also used in the conduction of nerve
impulses

9. FOODS RICH IN FATS

10. PROTEINS
• Helps in muscle build-up
• It also help in growth and repairing of
the body cells
• It must be broken down first into amino
acids to be absorbed and used by the
body

11. FOODS RICH IN PROTEIN

12. NON-ENERGY
NUTRIENTS

13. WATER
• It regulates the concentration of minerals
• It is a means by which food and other
substances are carried to the cell
• Helps in the removal of substances in the
kidney
• important in regulating the body temperature
• Drinking reasonable amount of water retard the
growth of bacteria and lessen the extent of
putrefaction in the intestine

15. MINERALS
Mineral Function Source
Calcium Tooth and bone Milk and other dairy products,
formation,nerve transmission, bean curd, dark green
muscle contraction vegetables
Phosphorus Bone development, transfer of Most foods
energy in cells
Sodium Nerve transmission, muscle Meat. Dairy products, salt
contraction
Chlorine Formation of hydrochloric acid Salt
Potassium Regulation of heartbeat, Fruits (especially bananas)
maintenance of water balance,
nerve transmission
Magnesium Catalyst for ATP formation Nuts, grains, dark green
vegetables, sea food,
chocolate
Iodine Thyroid activity Seafood, iodized salt
Iron Hemoglobin formation Meat, dark green vegetables,
dried fruits

16. MINERALS RICH FOOD

17. VITAMINS
• Organic substances that is present in very
small amounts of food
• Help normalized growth and different body
activities
• Deficiency diseases occur when vitamins
are missing from your diet
• 2 groups
1. Water soluble such as Vit C and B
2. Fat soluble such as Vit A,D,E and K`

18. VITAMINS
Vitamin Role in the Body Signs of Food Sources
Deficiency
B1 (thiamine) Carbohydrates Retarded growth, Seafood, poultry,
metabolism, growth, beriberi, nerve meat, whole or
heart muscle and disorders, fatigue enriched grain, green
nerve function vegetables, milk,
soybean
B2 (riboflavin) Carbohydrate Retarded growth, Milk, eggs, poultry,
metabolism, growth premature aging yeast, meat,
soybeans, green
vegetables
Niacin Growth, Digestive and Leafy vegetables,
carbohydrate nervous disturbances peanut butter,
metabolism, potatoes, whole or
digestion, nerve enriched grain, fish,
function poultry, meat,
tomatoes
B12 Production of red anemia liver
blood cells, nerve
function

19. VITAMINS
Vitamin Role in the Body Signs of Food Sources
Deficiency
C (Ascorbic acid) Growth, healthy gums, Sore gums, Citrus fruits, tomatoes,
anti-stress susceptibility to leafy vegetables
bruising
A Growth, healthy skin Night blindness, Egg yolks, butter,
and eyes changes in epithelial green and yellow
cells, retarded growth vegetables, organ
meat, fish, liver oils
D Growth, phosphate Poor tooth Milk, liver, eggs, fish,
and calcium development, rickets liver oils
metabolism
E (tocopherol) Protection of cell Unknown Vegetable oils, butter,
membranes, milk, leafy vegetables
reproductive function
K Blood clotting, liver Hemorrhage Green vegetables,
function tomatoes, soybean oil