1. GUIDED BY: PRESENTED BY:
Dr.R.K.Parikh AHALGAMA JIGNESH V
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS AND
PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY M.Pharm -1 (2011-12)
L.M.COLLEGE OF PHARMACY Roll no :- 09
AHMEDABAD-380009
3. Thermal analysis incorporates those techniques in
which some physical parameter of the system is derived
and/or recorded as a function of temperature.
Matter is heated it undergoes physical and chemical
changes occur.
physical change: melting or boiling ,weight loss,gas
evolution.
chemical change:decomposition or reaction take place.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12)) 3/25
4. Sr no Technique Parameter Instrument Graph
measured used
1 Thermogravimetry mass thermobalance Mass vs.
temp or time
2 Derivative dm/dt thermobalance dm/dt vs.
thermogravimetry temp.
3 Differential thermal Delta T DTA apparatus Delta T vs.
analysis temp.
4 Differential dH.dt calorimeter dh/dt vs.
scanning temp.
calorimetry
5 Thermometric temperature calorimeter Temp vs.
titrimetry titrant volume
(Cont…..)
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
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910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
5. 6 Dynamic Reflectance Spectrophot %
Reflectance ometer reflectance
spectroscopy and temp
7 Evolved gas Thermal Thermal T.C vs.
detection conductivity conductivity temp.
cell
8 Thermo Volume or dilatometer Volume or
mechanical length length vs.
analysis temp.
9 Electrical Current or electrometer I or R vs.
conductivity resistance temp.
10 Emanation Radioactivity ETA E vs. temp.
thermal apparatus
analysis
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12)) 5/25
6. Combination with
thermogravimetry
1)for better interpretation
a) TG DTA b) TG DSC
2)for identification of gas involved in
thermal analysis
a) TG MS b) TG GC MS
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
6/25
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
7. TG/DTA Simultaneous
Measuring Instrument
Simultaneous
TG/DTA
improves ease
of operation,
sensitivity and
analytical
accuracy .
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12)) 7/25
8. Principle:
A technique in which the temperature difference
between a substance and a reference(Al2o3) material
is measured as a function of temperature while the
substance and reference are subjected to a controlled
temperature program.
endothermic and exothermic peak.
endothermic and exothermic reaction.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12)) 8/25
9. Δ T vs. temperature
ΔT
Temp.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
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910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
11.
a) METALIC : nickel,stainless steel,platinum
sharp endothermic peak.
a) NON METALIC : glass,silica,sintered alumina
sharp exothermic peak.
For heating the sample.
Material used wire or ribbon wound on refrectory
tube.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
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910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
12. 1) SENSOR
2) CONTROL ELEMENT
3) HEATER
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
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910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
13. 1) DEFLECTION TYPE: Recording pen is
moved directly by the input signal.
2) NULL TYPE: Input signal is compared
with a reference or standard signal and
difference is amplified.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
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910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
14. Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
14/25
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
15. High resolution and a robust easy to
use.
Less satisfactory than dsc with regard to
resolution of thermal traces and quantitative data.
Unable to measure the energy associated with
each event.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12)) 15/25
16. 1) Identification of substance: DTA curve of two
substance is not identical.
2) Identification of product:substance is react with another
substance product is identified by their specific DTA curve.
3) Melting point: It is an endothermic process in which heat
is absorbed by analyte.
4) Detection of impurity
curves could be compared with the curve of reference
standard.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
16/25
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
17. 5) Studying and characterizing polymers
Thermochimica acta ,vol,4,Aug-1972,page-249-255.
thermal transition for a polymer often take place over a
extended temp. range because even a pure polymer is a
mixture of homologues and not a single chemical.
species.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
17/25
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
18. 6) Detection of eutectic mixture:
binary mixture :two endotherm
eutectic mixture : single major endotherm.
7) generation of phase diagram and
phase transitions
In which the peak at 113 c corresponds to the
solid phase change from the rhombic to
monoclinic form.the peak at 124 c corresponds
to the melting point of the element. The peak at
446 c corresponds to the boiling point of sulfur.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
18/25
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
19. Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
19/25
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
20. 8) Application of DTA to compatibility and
stability problems in penicillin –stearic acid
mixture
journal of pharmaceutical science,vol-5,page 631-633,may-1969
Identify stearic acid as the inactivating component in
unstable formulation containing sodium dicloxacin and
other excipients.
Stearic acid + k.penicilin=incompatible
Stearic acid+ sodium dicloxacin =incompatible
Stearic acid+ ampicilin trihydrates=compatible
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
20/25
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
21. (9) Comparative physical-chemical charecterization
of encapsulated lipid based ISOTRETINOIN
product by thermal behavior analysis
Thermochimica acta 505 ,(2010),73-78.
Use in nodular acne.
Study the three encapsulated product (1 reference and 2
generic).
measure thermal behavior of that product no specific
change and more thermostable than isotretinoin.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
21/25
910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
22. (10) Physiochemical charecterization of edaravone
with hydroxy propyl –B-cyclodextrin.
carbohydrate polymer 83(2011),1101-1105.
novel free radical scavenger.
that preparation for the improve solubility and stability.
inclusion complex charecterized by DTA-TG method.
inclusion complex more stable than edaravone.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
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910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
23. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Science,21st edition,2005.
Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy by Lachman &
Lieberman,third edition.
Physical pharmacy, Alfred martin, fourth edition
The Science of Dosage form Design M.E Aulton
Thermochimica acta ,vol,4,Aug-1972,page-249-255.
journal of pharmaceutical science,vol-5,page 631-633,may-1969.
Thermochimica acta 505 ,(2010),73-78.
carbohydrate polymer 83(2011),1101-1105.
Ahalgama Jignesh V. , M-Pharm-1(paper code-
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910102), DTA,LMCP,GTU(2011-12))
24. Principle and Instrumental analysis, skoog-hollar-nieman, 5th editio.
Chemical Abstract vol:146, No:25,June 18 :2007,507180
Instrumental methods of chemical analysis,gurdeep r.chatwal,2008.
www.linseis.net
www.nd.edu
www.shimadzu.lacerta-technology.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.ijpsonline.com/article.asp
Encyclopedia of pharmaceutical Technology ,Swarbrick & Boylan vol-06
Encyclopedia of pharmaceutical Technology ,Swarbrick & Boylan vol-02
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