AP Chemistry Power Point

1. Introduction to
AP Chemistry
Unit 1
Chapter 1
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2. Overview of the Course
 Expectations
 Summary of each of the units
 Need to have Binders
 Formative and Summative Assessment
 Quiz tomorrow on Tables 2.3, 2.4, and 2.5
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3. 1.1 Chemistry
 It deals with the essential question –
“What is matter made of?”
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4. Need to study matter at three
levels
 Macroscopic Level
 Microscopic Level
 Symbolic Level
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5. The surface of a grain of salt
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6. An Oxygen Atom
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7. Sand Grains made up of atoms
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8. Two Key Concepts
 Matter is made of various kinds of atoms
 Chemical changes occur when atoms
rearrange
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9. 1.2 Scientific Process
 Observation
 Ex. Pb(NO3)2 + NaI 
 Quantitative
 Qualitative
 Hypothesis- possible explanation for observation
 Model/Theory- tested hypothesis; gives
explanation to natural phenomenon.
 Law- Observed behavior; summary of what
happens
 Law of conservation of mass
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10. The Scientific Method
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11. Lab Report
 Title/ name/ date
 Purpose:
 Procedure
 Important steps
 Observations
 Tables and graphs
 Conclusions
 Guided by questions
 Explanation of error
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12. 1.3 Units of Measurement
 SI Unit System (Le Systeme International)
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13. The Prefixes in the SI System
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14. Volume – a derived unit
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15. Apparatus to measure volume
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16. 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement
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17. Precision and Accuracy
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18. 1.5 Rules for Significant Figures
 Non zero integers always count
Zeros – there are three classes
 Leading Zeros – these do not count
 Captive Zeros – these always count
 Trailing Zeros – They are only significant if
the number has a decimal point.
Exact Numbers
 These do not limit the number of
significant figures
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19. Rules for Mathematical
Operations
 For multiplication and division the number
of significant figures is the same as the
least precise number
 For addition and subtraction the result has
the same number of decimal places as
the least precise measurement.
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20. Rules for Rounding
 In a series of calculations carry the extra
digits through to the final result, then
round
 If the digit is to be removed is less that 5
the preceding digit remains the same.
 If the digit is equal to or greater than 5 the
preceding digit is increased by one.
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21. Round the following to 3
significant figures
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22. 1.6 Dimensional Analysis
 Line the various numbers up with their
units and cancel out units. If the unit of
the final answer is correct then you
mathematical answer should be correct.
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23. 1.7 Temperature
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24. 1.8 Density – mass per unit
volume
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25. 1.9 States of Matter
 Solid
 Liquid
 Gas
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26. Three states of Water
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27. Organization of Matter
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28. Separation of Mixtures by
Physical Means
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