1. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print),
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND
ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
TECHNOLOGY (IJCIET)
ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print)
ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online)
Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), pp. 45-51
IJCIET
© IAEME: www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp
Journal Impact Factor (2012): 3.1861 (Calculated by GISI)
www.jifactor.com
© IAEME
ADVANCED ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TECHNIQUES BY
INDUSTRIES: POTENTIAL FOR CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY ACTIVITIES
Dr. S. K. Doifode Dr. A. G. Matani
Associate Professor – Chemistry, Associate Professor –Mech. Engg
Government College of Engineering, Government College of Engineering,
Amravati – 444 604 [M.S.] India. Amravati – 444 604 [M.S.] India.
Email: doifode.shamal@gcoea.ac.in Email: ashokgm333@rediffmail.com
ABSTRACT
Energy Conservation goes beyond using efficient products. A huge amount of energy
is wasted nationally due to sheer ignorance and lack of awareness. This paper highlights
different areas of energy conservation and environment protection. This paper also
suggests different roles of educational institutions in energy conservation and sustainable
development awareness
INTRODUCTION
Social Responsibility (SR) policy guiding principles includes ethics, accountability,
governance, financial returns, employment practices, business relationships, products and
services, community involvement and environmental protection. Social Responsibility and
Responsible Care are complementary initiatives and, when implemented in concert, they
further enhance and strengthen organization’s commitment to health, safety and the
environment.
SIX BUSINESS REASONS COMPANIES SHOULD EMBRACE CORPORATE
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
[1] Innovation –Innovation is a huge benefit to a company and society. By using the “lens of
sustainability” Unilever Global was able to innovate new products such as a hair conditioner
that uses less water. Without sustainability, the company’s research and development efforts
possibly wouldn’t have led to such a product.
45

2. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print),
ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
[2] Cost savings – One of the easiest places for a company to start engaging in sustainability
is to use it as a way to cut costs. Whether it’s using less packaging or less energy, these
savings add up quickly. After installing energy monitoring meters on several pieces of
equipment at its Covington, GA. plant, the General Mills Company saved $600,000.
[3] Brand differentiation – In the past, brand differentiation was one of the primary reasons
companies embraced CSR. The “Cola Wars” is one of the longest running rivalries in
business. Coke and Pepsi are constantly looking to grab as much market share as they can
from each other. Yet they are both adopting similar, although slightly different, approaches to
CSR. Both Pepsi and Coke are pursuing strategies of zero net water usage. Both companies
offer water bottles made from sustainable packaging as well.
[4] Long-term thinking – CSR is an effort to look at the company’s long-term interest and
ensuring that the company’s future is well sustainable. It is a shift from worrying about the
next fiscal quarter’s financial results to the impact business decisions today have on financial
(and social) results ten years from now.
[5] Customer engagement – Walmart has established itself as a leader on environmental
efforts. In 2008, Walmart ran an ad campaign designed to raise awareness about the
environment and the product choices consumers could make. Using CSR can help you
engage with your customers in new ways. This is an underused tool for business-to-business
company communication.
[6] Employee engagement – If company’s employees don’t know what’s going on within an
organization, that company is missing an opportunity. Companies like Sara Lee created a
cross-functional, global Sustainability Working Team to help create a strategy for
sustainability. At a more grass roots level, the Solo Cup Company created the Sustainability
Action Network to activate employees in community service focused on the company’s CSR
priorities.
THE MOST SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE COMPANIES IN THE WORLD
Fortune Magazine - a financial magazine includes a section listing their top 11 most
socially responsible companies. It includes five companies with significant exposure to
fossil fuel based energy (Statoil, Edison, ENI, Total and Nextera)
1. Statoil - Statoil owns and operates over 2000 gas stations worldwide. Fortune's pick for the
most socially responsible company in the world is this Oslo-based oil and gas giant which is
67% owned by the Norwegian government. The company plans to expand into alternative
energy, the bulk of their profits come from oil exploration, refining and distribution.
2. Grupo Ferrovial - Ferrovial is a member of both the Dow Jones Sustainability and
FTSE4good investment indices. A Spanish conglomerate involved in transportation and
urban infrastructure services, also created an Environmental Performance Index, the first of
its kind, to track the company's global environmental performance in real time.
3. Walt Disney Company - The house that Mickey built is the only US-based company in
the top 5. Some of their more interesting initiatives include running Disneyland trains on
biodiesel made with cooking oil from the resort's hotels, establishing a worldwide
conservation fund and instituting a "green standard" for all employees and cast members.
4. Edison - Founded in 1884, this Milan-based firm is Europe's oldest energy company.
Despite its age, Edison is one of the leading renewable energy providers in Europe with 68
hydroelectric facilities, 29 wind farms, and one solar facility currently online.
46

3. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print),
ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
5. ENI - Another Milan-based energy company, specializing in oil, gas and petrochemicals.
In 2010, ENI was named the best company in the world for the online communication of its
corporate social responsibility initiatives in the annual survey which analyzed the 91
companies listed in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index.
6. Whole Foods Market - The supermarket chain that brought organic products to the
mainstream American consumer.
7. Total - French oil and gas conglomerate.
8. Hochtief - Germany's largest construction company and a leader in the green real estate
space, Hochtief is also a member of the Dow Jones Sustainability index.
9. Nestle - One of the largest food manufacturers in the world, in 2009 Nestle instituted "The
Cocoa Plan" in an effort to encourage sustainability, labor rights and fair trade in the cocoa
industry.
10. NextEra Energy - Formerly known as Florida Power & Light, Nextera NEE is the
largest owner and operator of wind power farms in the US and second only to Iberdrola in the
world (44% of NEE's total energy output comes from wind power).
11. Weyerhauser - One the biggest players in the global forest products industry,
Weyerhauser owns 6.6 million acres of commercial timberland worldwide and another 15.2
million acres on long-term leases in Canada.
GENERAL CONTENTS OF TEACHING PROGRAMS
Due to energy costs and its important role in the economy, recent growth in energy
consumption has led all countries to formulate and execute various strategies in three
interrelated areas to:
a) Improve the efficiency of energy use;
b) Increase energy conservation;
c) Explore and develop new and renewable sources of energy.
A diversified training program is needed to meet increasing demands for qualified personnel
in the developing countries. This training should consider the latest developments in science
and technology.
POTENTIAL ACTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT
Possible areas and actions for the development of general knowledge programs should
include:
** Organizing energy conservation and environment protection related training in colleges,
universities and apprenticeship programs to cover all facets of energy management for
industry and buildings.
** Integrating energy conservation and sustainable development strategies into school
curricula; developing curricula to establish the skills, knowledge and behavior of
conservation and renewable energy; developing guidelines for relating curriculum to energy
efficient design.
** Engaging community organizations, non-governmental organizations and public interests
groups in culture change, communication, education and implementation of conservation.
47

4. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print),
ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
** Facilitating energy auditing and benchmarking of existing buildings and providing access
to resources to implement retrofits.
** Establishing accessible and understandable means of benchmarking energy use, planning
and implementing conservation projects, accessing resources and technologies
** Pursuing strategies for job creation in the manufacture of products and the delivery of
services related to conservation and renewable energy; accelerated development of new
technologies. Increasing conservation related training to industry.
** Ensuring publicly funded institutions establish and maintain management reporting
systems, which cover energy use, costs and savings potential,
** Produce and broadcast programs and documentary films for television.
** Using web-based systems to allow comparison of energy use with comparable buildings
and estimation of potential savings.
** Ensuring inefficient, older appliances are taken out of the market, their materials recycled
and any toxic components managed.
** Organizing seminars, workshops or summer schools for decision makers and experts
related to other energy fields.
** Producing audio-visual materials that illustrate existing solar installations, as well as
future prospects for these technologies.
** Publishing information, in the form of study articles and comprehensive, well documented
reports, on solar energy and its prospects.
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION INITIATIVES BY INDUSTRIES AND
INSTITUTIONS: THE WORLD SCENARIO
** American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) highlighting roles
of institutions
AASCU devoted its July/August 2006 Public Purpose magazine to cover the issues
related to sustainability at public higher education institutions. The issue highlighted role of
various institutions implementing sustainability policies on its campuses, in its classrooms
and bridging them to the business world.
** Blue Star working on R & D on energy efficiency
Blue Star’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) philosophy is built on three pillars
namely
• Environment protection
• Energy conservation
• Community development around its facilities.
The Company is highly committed to the cause of protecting the environment. Energy
efficiency of its products remains a corner-stone of its research and development efforts Air,
water and energy management services as well as LEED (Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design) consultancy for Green Buildings have been part of its business and
practices. The Company has also been contributing in the technical domain in the use of eco-
friendly refrigerants in its products. Blue Star helps deserving institutions such as hospitals
and colleges to save power by conducting free walk-through energy audits.
48

5. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print),
ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
** Bedford college in Southern England providing training for small businesses
Bedford College in Southern England is a center for excellence in green energy,
providing training for small businesses in installing and maintaining solar panels, wind
turbines and biomass technology.
** Canadian Industry Program for Energy Conservation (CIPEC) developing
comprehensive projects
The Canadian Industry Program for Energy Conservation (CIPEC) with
representation of 294 companies, and 24 sector task forces is active in developing
comprehensive projects to improve conservation in their municipal operations. Non-
governmental organizations are implementing community-wide programs for improving the
conservation in existing and new buildings, and at developing integrated, fuel efficient
transportation schemes.
** Florida Gulf Coast University reducing operating expenses
National Center for Academic Transformation implements effective uses for
information technology in order to improve student learning and reduce the cost of higher
education. By redesign their coursework schools reduced costs by an average of 37 percent,
saving of $3.1 million in operating expenses each year.
** Mitsubishi Electric Group Became a Global, Leading Green Company
Mitsubishi Electric is one of Japan's leaders in the development and implementation
of systems for wastewater treatment in manufacturing, water purification for public
consumption, and more effective industrial cleaning processes. The Mitsubishi Electric
Group established Environmental Vision 2021 to contribute to the development of a
sustainable society, and is advancing initiatives to achieve a low-carbon, recycling-based
society such as micro-bubble technology that removes oil and other deposits without
detergents or hazardous chemicals, and ozone generation technology that purifies water
without chlorine. Membrane separation technology is also being put to use in high-grade
industrial applications in Mitsubishi Electric's own manufacturing operations. The goal is
100% recycling of water to eliminate unnecessary wastewater, encourage water conservation
and promote cost-savings. Such initiatives are a part of Mitsubishi Electric's efforts to
strengthen its corporate constitution and contribute to society as a leading green company.
** Park Lane College in Leeds offering courses on climate change
Park Lane College in Leeds offers a "reduce your carbon footprint" course
managed by a team of conservation and environmental tutors through practical energy saving
techniques, and the science behind climate change.
** The Wisconsin Environmental Education Board And The University Of Wisconsin -
Stevens Point Utilizes Community Resources:
K12 energy education program (KEEP) encourages school-to-career skills and the use
of a rich set of community resources including professionals, businesses, environmental
organizations, and institutions of higher education. Wisconsin students are now competent
enough to cope with difficult decisions about energy and its relationship to environmental,
socio-political, and economic issues.
49

6. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print),
ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
** Texas State Energy Conservation Office (SECO) encouraging energy-efficiency projects
Oil Overcharge Funds used for energy efficiency and renewable energy projects are
consistent with settlement guidelines and approved by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).
** University of Nimes in Southern France organizing programs for eco-citizens
University of Nimes in Southern France, in March 2007, organized a program to promote
the behavior of "eco-citizens". Concentrating on the promotion of waste management and
economizing on energy use a university wide campaign for providing practical demonstrations of
environmental awareness linked to social psychology theory
** York University encouraging green buildings
The Computer Sciences Building of York University is an ideal example of a "green"
building built at no cost premium. Raising the standards for new buildings and major renovations is
the most economical means of conserving energy in new buildings and avoids the lost opportunity
cost associated with retrofitting improvements after the building is constructed.
NOVEL INITIATIVES OF GENERAL ELECTRIC FOR ENERGY AND
ENVIRONMENTAL SECTOR
[1] General Electric offering Excellence Award for highest environmental, health and safety
General Electric Company is a diversified technology and financial services company
operating in more than 150 countries and employ about 300,000 people worldwide. GE works finding
solutions in energy, health and home, transportation and finance. Building, powering, moving and
curing the world by offering best technologies taking on the toughest global challenges.
GE Appliances Decatur Refrigerator Plant received General Electric's (GE) highest environmental,
health and safety Excellence Award for significantly reducing workplace injuries and in adapting its
manufacturing operations to more environmentally friendly processes.
Other accomplishments that brought Decatur the EHS Excellence Award
includes:
* A 30 percent reduction in workplace injuries classified as reportable by OSHA.
* A 45 percent reduction in workplace injuries causing lost work time for employees.
* A 21 percent reduction in hazardous waste generation.
* A reduction in landfill waste of 12 percent.
* An increase in recycled cardboard of over 10 percent.
* The elimination of toluene-di-isocyanate from the manufacturing process.
[2] GE Power Systems offering environmentally friendly power generation options
The wind power industry offers tremendous opportunities for growth and continued technology
development. Various synergies from several GE businesses have been applied to wind turbine
technology areas such as plastics, transportation gearing applications and power controls towards
GE Power Systems' line of environmentally friendly power generation options with the broadest
possible range of clean energy solutions for the 21st century.
[3] GE driving a global energy transformation with a focus on innovation and R&D
GE is driving a global energy transformation with a focus on innovation and R&D investment
to accelerate the development and deployment of clean energy technology. More than 90
ecomagination-approved products have been brought to market with revenues reaching $18 billion in
2009. With $5 billion invested in R&D its first five years to accelerate a new era of energy
innovation. The company will invest $10 billion in R&D over five years and double operational
energy efficiency while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and water consumption.
50

7. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print),
ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January- February (2013), © IAEME
ENERGY EFFICIENCY SERVICES LIMITED IMPROVING ENERGY
EFFICIENCY IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
Energy Efficiency Services Limited [EESL], A joint venture of PSUs, of Ministry
of Power, Government of India , New Delhi is actively involved in improving energy
efficiency in the Agricultural sector. Some of the Key opportunities areas included
investments will be for procurement and the Operation & Maintenance of the Agriculture
pump sets , capital costs are paid by the regulator in three yearly installments directly to
EESL. Capital costs include cost of energy efficient pump sets, cost of dismantling existing
pump set, cost of installing energy efficient pump sets, cost of installation of protection
systems, Monitoring &Verification (M&V) and other costs .
CONCLUSIONS
Standards & Labeling is one of the major thrust areas of the Bureau of Energy
Efficiency. A key objective of this scheme is to provide the consumer an informed choice
about the energy saving and thereby cost saving potential of the relevant marketed product.
The Standards & Labeling programme of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency has now been
extended to 11 appliances and a few more appliances are likely to be added in the current
financial year. EESL proposes to implement the scheme on behalf of the Bureau of Energy
Efficiency.
Educational institutions also have an important role in educating and training the workforce,
not only independently, but also as vendors to employers who seek outside providers of
training. Educators and administrators are searching for new means to cut costs while
increasing quality and efficiency on campus.
REFERENCES
[1] Duan Liping (2011), Analysis of the relationship between international cooperation and
scientific publications in energy R&D in China, Applied Energy , 88(12), 4229-4238.
[2] M. E. Douglas, Timothy C. Wagner , Michael K. Sahm , William J. Wepfer : Economic
Optimization of a Combined Heating and Power System for an Office Building , Proceedings
of Energy Sustainability 2007 , June 2007, Long Beach, California USA
[3] Nirmal-Kumar C. Nair, Garimella Niraj (2010), Battery energy storage systems:
Assessment for small-scale renewable energy integration, Energy and Buildings , 42(11),
2124-2130.
[4] Subhadra Bobban G. (2011) ,Macro-level integrated renewable energy production
schemes for sustainable development, Energy Policy, 39(4), 2193-2196
[5] Saidur R., Islam M.R. , Rahim N.A., Solang K.H. (2010), , A review on global wind
energy policy, , Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ,9(1) 1744-1762
[6] www.ge.ecomagination.com
[7] Various reports published in The Times of India, Mumbai newspaper
51