This document provides information on orthographic projections and first and third angle projection methods. It includes pictorial representations of various objects with their corresponding front, top, and side views drawn using the first angle projection method. The document contains 24 examples of objects with their multi-view orthographic projections to demonstrate first angle projection techniques.

1. Orthographic Projections
Hareesha N G
Dept of Aeronautical Engg
Dayananda Sagar College of Engg
Bangalore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 1

2. 3 Methods of Drawing Orthographic Projections
First Angle Projections Method Third Angle Projections Method
Here views are drawn Here views are drawn
by placing object by placing object
in 1st Quadrant in 3rd Quadrant.
( Fv above X-y, Tv below X-y ) SYMBOLIC ( Tv above X-y, Fv below X-y )
PRESENTATION
OF BOTH METHODS
WITH AN OBJECT
STANDING ON HP ( GROUND) TV
FV ON IT’S BASE.
X Y NOTE:- X Y
HP term is used in 1 Angle method
st
& FV
TV
For the same
G L
04/04/13 Ground N G, DSCE, Blore-78
Hareesha term is used 2
in 3rd Angle method of projections

3. FIRST ANGLE
FOR T.V.
PROJECTION
IN THIS METHOD,
HE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE
SITUATED IN FIRST QUADRANT
MEANS
ABOVE HP & INFRONT OF VP.
OBJECT IS INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & PLANE.
VP PP
FV LSV .
.V FO
S R
X Y R F.
FO V.
TV
HP
ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS
IN
04/04/13METHOD
FIRST ANGLE Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 3
OF PROJECTIONS

4. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
{ MACHINE ELEMENTS }
OBJECT IS OBSERVED IN THREE DIRECTIONS.
THE DIRECTIONS SHOULD BE NORMAL
TO THE RESPECTIVE PLANES.
AND NOW PROJECT THREE DIFFERENT VIEWS ON THOSE PLANES.
THESE VEWS ARE FRONT VIEW , TOP VIEW AND SIDE VIEW.
FRONT VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON VERTICAL PLANE ( VP )
TOP VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON HORIZONTAL PLANE ( HP )
SIDE VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON PROFILE PLANE ( PP )
FIRST STUDY THE CONCEPT OF 1 ST AND 3 RD ANGLE
PROJECTION METHODS
ND THEN STUDY NEXT 26 ILLUSTRATED CASES CAREFULL
RY TO RECOGNIZE SURFACES
ERPENDICULAR TO THE ARROW DIRECTIONS
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 4

5. FIRST ANGLE
FOR T.V.
PROJECTION
IN THIS METHOD,
HE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE
SITUATED IN FIRST QUADRANT
MEANS
ABOVE HP & INFRONT OF VP.
OBJECT IS INBETWEEN
OBSERVER & PLANE.
VP PP
FV LSV .
.V FO
S R
X Y R F.
FO V.
TV
HP
ACTUAL PATTERN OF
PLANES & VIEWS
IN
04/04/13 METHOD
FIRST ANGLE Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 5
OF PROJECTIONS

6. FOR T.V.
1
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
FO
R
. F.
V.
S.V
R
FO
x y
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 6

7. FOR T.V.
2
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
FO
. R
S .V F.
R V.
FO
TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 7

8. FOR T.V.
3
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
FO
. R
S.V
FO
R
F.
V. X Y
TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION N G, DSCE, Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha METHOD 8

9. 4
FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
. FO
S. V R
F.
R V.
FO
TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 9

10. FOR T.V.
5
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
.
S .V
R
FO FO
R
F.
V. X Y
TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY 04/04/13 ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
FIRST Hareesha N G, DSCE, 10

11. 6
FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
. FO X Y
S .V R
R F.
FO V.
TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 11

12. 7
FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
FO
R
F.
V.
.
S .V
R X Y
FO
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 12

13. STUDY 8
FOR T.V.
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW
50
X Y
20
25
FO
R
F.
V.
25 20
TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 13

14. 9
FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
FO
. R
F.
S. V V.
R
FO
TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 14

15. 10
FOR T.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
.
R S.V
FO
FO
R
F.
V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 15

16. FOR T.V. 11
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
FO
R X Y
F.
V.
.
S .V
R
FO
TOP VIEW
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 16

17. 12
FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
X Y
. FO
R
S.V F.
R V.
FO
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN TOP VIEW
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 17

18. STUDY 13
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
35
FV
35
10
x y
10 20 30
FO
R 40
F.
V. 70
TV
O
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
04/04/13 FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
DRAW Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 18
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

19. STUDY 14
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS
FOR T.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FV
30 10 30 SV
30
10
30
x y
. FO
S. V R
R F.
FO V.
ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL
TV
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 19

20. STUDY 15
Z
ILLUSTRATIONS
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FOR T.V.
ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL
FV SV
x y
10
40 60
. FO
S.V R
F.
OR V. 40
TV
60
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 20

21. FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS 16
ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL
FV SV
x y
10
. FO
S .V R
R F.
V.
FO
40 60
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN 40 TOP VIEW
DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD 60
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 21

22. 17
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
30 SQUARE
40 20
50
FO
. R 20
S. V F. X
V.
10
Y
R
FO 30
O 60
F.V.
S.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 22

23. FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS 18
FV
40
X 10 Y
O
30 D 45
FO
R
F.
V.
O
10
50
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
80
TV
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 23

24. 19
FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FV 40
X O 10 Y
100
10
25 FO
R
TV F.
10 30 10
25
V.
30 R O
20 D
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 24

25. PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS 20
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
30
FOR T.V.
FV
RECT.
SLOT
10 50
35
10
X Y
20 D
FO
R TV
F.
V.
60 D
30 D
TOP VIEW
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 25
O

26. 21
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
10
25 15
25
40 10
25
FO
. R
S.V F.
V.
25
R
FO O O
80 25
F.V. S.V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, 26

27. FOR T.V.
22
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
450
30
FV
40
X Y
30 D
FO
R
F.
V.
40 TV
O
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
15
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT 40
BY 04/04/13 ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD Blore-78
FIRST Hareesha N G, DSCE, 27

28. 23
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FO HEX PART
R
F. 30
V. 20
20
.
S.V
40
20
R
FO
O 50
20
15
O 30
100 60
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW
DRAW FV ABD SV OF THIS OBJECT DSCE, Blore-78
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, 28
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

29. FOR T.V.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS 24
20 40
FRONT VIEW
F.V.
30
10
X Y
O
10
30
FO
R
F. 10
V.
30
O 80
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN T.V. TOP VIEW
DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 29
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

30. 25
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
10 10 15
25
25
X Y
O 50 10
.
FV LSV S .V FO
R R
FO F.
V.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
DRAW FV AND LSV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 30

31. PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN
26
DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT
BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
FO
R
F.
V.
30 20 10 20
15
10
15
.
S .V
R O
FO 30
15
15
X Y
50
F.V. LEFT S.V.
04/04/13 Hareesha N G, DSCE, Blore-78 31

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