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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                              Final Draft




International General Certificate of Secondary Education
Global Perspectives

Pilot syllabus for examination in 2009

Syllabus Code 0457




You can find syllabuses and information about CIE teacher training events on the CIE Website
www.cie.org.uk.
Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457   Final Draft




                IGCSE Global Perspectives

                        Syllabus Code 0457



CONTENTS
                                                            Page

RATIONALE                                                         1

INTRODUCTION                                                      1

AIMS                                                              2

ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES                                             3

ASSESSMENT                                                        4

CURRICULUM CONTENT                                                7

COURSEWORK ASSESSMENT CRITERIA AND PROCEDURES                   12

PORTFOLIO SELF-EVALUATION FORM                                  18

AREA OF STUDY PROPOSAL FORM                                     20
Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                             Final Draft




RATIONALE
Young people in countries across the world face unprecedented challenges in the 21st century -
not least in how they will come to terms with accelerating changes in that world, that will impact
on their life chances and life choices.

The rationale behind this syllabus is to provide opportunities for enquiry into, and reflection on,
those changes. A prime emphasis will be on developing the sorts of skills and dispositions of
thinking that active citizens of the future will need.

This rationale accords not only with the international ethos that underpins all of the IGCSE
syllabuses but also with the thinking expressed by UNESCO in its seminal reports on education:

Education must include activities and processes that encourage awareness of, and commitment
to, the solutions of global problems. This should be done in such ways that people learn
solutions are possible through cooperation at all levels – at the levels of individuals,
organisations and nations.
                                              UNESCO (cited by Walker, 2002)

It should be particularly noted that developing awareness of this sort is not a question of how to
get everybody to think identically. On the contrary, it is a matter of opening minds to the great
complexity of the world and of human thought, and opening hearts to the diversity of human
experience and feeling.

Students undertaking this course must consider the themes and issues from local, national and
global angles whilst developing their own personal perspective.

Through this approach, it is hoped that young people will develop independent minds, at the
same time as developing their sense of community, from local to global. Perhaps, indeed, the
syllabus goes a step further in reflecting that: ‘The global is personal, and the personal is global’.


INTRODUCTION
All IGCSE syllabuses follow a general pattern. The main sections are:

Aims
Assessment Objectives
Assessment
Curriculum Content

IGCSE subjects have been categorised into groups, subjects within each group having similar
Aims and Assessment Objectives.

This syllabus is designed so that, in concept and practice, it draws on a variety of subjects,
across a number of groups. It can be described as trans-disciplinary, suggesting simply the
need for teachers and students to look at global themes and issues from a variety of
perspectives. These could include almost any disciplinary perspective, from the mathematical to
the anthropological, but also perspectives that are not disciplinary; particularly the personal.

It follows from the above that:

(a)   the syllabus can be taught by teachers from a variety of disciplines, provided that they have
      a broad interest in matters of global import, and a deep commitment to preparing young
      people for their role in an increasingly interdependent world.

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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                            Final Draft



(b)   the syllabus will appeal to students not simply because it will extend their understanding of
      the world, but also because it will develop their general potential to understand different
      perspectives and to make reasoned responses: skills which will be useful in their study of
      all other disciplines.


AIMS
The aims of the syllabus are the same for all students. These are set out below and describe the
educational purposes of a syllabus in Global Perspectives for the IGCSE examination. They are
divided into ends – understandings, and means – habits of mind. They are not listed in order of
priority, and not all aims will be assessed.

The aims are to:

Ends
•    become aware of a range of global themes and issues, viewed from personal, local,
     national and global perspectives, and of the connections between them

•     develop insights into the causes of these issues, and their possible future effects on the
      planet and on humanity

•     develop insights into the student’s own nature, circumstances and possible future, as a
      member of the human race, but also as an individual with unique biological and cultural
      inheritances

and to

Means
•   develop the disposition to engage in enquiry, especially those forms - such as
    philosophical, spiritual, ethical and political enquiry - that draw out very different
    perspectives on global themes and issues

•     develop the disposition to engage in dialogue, collaboration and action, to share and
      compare experiences, feelings, ideas, ideals, projects and practices with those immediately
      around them, but also with those living in other countries and/ or cultures

•     develop the dispositions of reflection and evaluation, i.e. thinking about experiences,
      observations, data, feelings, ideas, ideals, projects and practices - their own and others’ -
      with a view to seeing whether and how such things might be improved.

•     develop the disposition to seek clarity and develop a personal viewpoint, wherever
      possible, in relation to the global themes and issues studied




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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                            Final Draft



ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES

(A)   Candidates should be able to:

1.    give evidence of engagement with different areas of study and of the capacity to represent
      the issues within those areas clearly, and from different perspectives - in particular,
      showing awareness of rights and responsibilities that may arise, and of the connections
      between them.

2.    present an analysis of the conditions and causes of the issues, and a reasoned prediction
      of possible and likely scenarios (depending on how the issues may be addressed), and in
      particular indicating policies (personal and/or political) that they favour, and why.

3.    demonstrate self-awareness over the period of study, in terms of their recognition of their
      own circumstances, feelings, aspirations, attitudes, beliefs, values, etc. but especially in
      terms of their awareness of what it means to live in their own place and time.

(B)   Candidates should be able to:

4.    formulate critical and creative questions (i.e. questioning meanings, knowledge claims,
      means/practices, ends/values, likely and possible consequences, alternative perspectives,
      etc.) in response to a variety of stimuli.

5.    propose lines of enquiry that go beyond immediate questions such as where, when and
      what, to deeper questions such as how, why and what if.

6.    develop lines of reasoning, in order to provide an explanation or justify a point.

7.    identify key elements from a complex question or situation from an area of study, including
      grounds for judgement, with a view to forming a perspective of their own.

8.    participate constructively in a series of dialogues and group activities with their peers,
      showing some evidence of reflection on, and evaluation of, their participation.

9.    collaborate with people living in another country and/or culture including but not limited to
      engaging in a dialogue arising from an area of study, with an aim to appreciating differing
      views and opinions of people from different cultures or countries.




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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                           Final Draft


ASSESSMENT

Scheme of Assessment Summary
Assessment will be in three parts: Component 1 Portfolio, Component 2 Project and Component
3 Written Paper, carrying respectively 50%, 20% and 30% of the marks.

                               Duration                Weighting               Nature of
                                                                              Assessment
     Component 1
                                  n/a                     50%                   Individual
      Portfolio
     Component 2                                                             Individual 50%
                                  n/a                     20%
       Project                                                                 Group 50%
    Component 3
                                2 hours                   30%                   Individual
    Written Paper


Each component has a different focus in terms of assessment, as follows:

     Portfolio – the focus is on research, developing lines of reasoning, consideration of a wide
                 variety of perspectives and reflecting on own circumstances.

     Project – the focus is on analysis of issues, group work and collaboration.

     Written Paper – the focus is on enquiry, reasoning and evaluation.




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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                             Final Draft

Description of Components
Portfolio
Component 1, the portfolio, should be used to collect evidence of engagement with four areas of
study and the issues within them, including consideration of possible futures. In two of the areas
of study candidates will also be expected to present and evaluate a range of possible actions
(including policies) at different levels (from the personal to the global), clearly developing and
articulating a perspective of their own.

These areas of study could be explored through a variety of stimuli, such as films or images,
some of which might raise issues that are more personal than global – though global implications
should always be born in mind.

All material for the Portfolio should be stored electronically so it can be submitted to CIE via the
internet for moderation. It must consist of at least some extended writing but candidates should
also be encouraged to construct, for example, written dialogues or posters or other vehicles to
present different perspectives. The expression of their own perspective might be provided via
digitised audio or video tapes for example, or pictures or graphics which, if not originally in digital
form, should be digitally scanned or photographed. All such digitised items must be
accompanied by titles and short written explanations connecting them to the particular area of
study.

The Portfolio should include an appendix showing the approximate number, and general goals,
of internet searches made during the course, plus any other main resources that were used.

It should be emphasised that credit in assessment will be given for quality of personal reflection
and response, rather than quantity of information (re)produced – though the reflection needs to
be clearly in response to facts, as well as expressive of a personal point of view or perspective.

As part of the portfolio, students must complete the self-evaluation form which requires them to
reflect on the development of their ideas (see Appendix B). The evidence provided on the form
will be assessed along with the rest of the portfolio by the students’ teachers using the Portfolio
Assessment Criteria in Appendix A. It is recommended that students keep a record of the
development of their ideas throughout the course (e.g. web log, scrapbook, diary) to facilitate the
completion of this form.

It is expected that the Portfolio will take approximately 80 to 100 hours to complete including
work both in and out of the classroom. The submission is likely to take various forms but where
a candidate’s response is largely written this should be between 1000 and 1500 words for each
of the two basic studies and 1500 and 2500 words for each of the two extended studies.

For each area of study the Portfolio could be structured along the following lines:
   • Identification of the area to be investigated, including possible reasons for the choice.
   • Information gathering, demonstrating an understanding of the different perspectives on
       the issues arising and the impacts at a personal, local and global level.
   • Analysis and evaluation of information, highlighting and even ranking the key elements.
   • Prediction of possible scenarios and evaluation of likelihood and effects of the outcomes.

The extended studies could proceed along these lines:
   • Identification of possible courses of action.
   • A personal response to the issues, clearly based on an understanding of the information
       collected.

It will not be necessary for all these headings to be included in the submitted work, but this
structure provides a framework against which the criteria will be applied (see Appendix A).




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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                            Final Draft




Project
Component 2, the Project, must be explicitly connected with an issue within an area of study
other than one of the four explored in the Portfolio. Projects may be taken on by the whole class,
or individual groups may select different areas of study. Individual groups should contain
between four and six students.

Each project group will be expected to produce a collective representation of the thinking behind,
the aims of, the planning and progression of the project (i.e. the activities undertaken), and the
obvious outcomes of their project. The representation must include evidence that the students
have collaborated with others from another culture and/or country. The final representation
should be in electronic form so it can be submitted to CIE for moderation via the internet. The
Project is marked by the teacher using the Project Assessment Criteria (see Appendix A).

Each student will also be expected to submit an individual evaluation of their own contribution to
the project, such as information and ideas they contributed, as well as an evaluation of, and
personal reflection on, the project as a whole.

The group will be awarded 50% of the available marks for this component based on the group
submission and individuals will be awarded the final 50% based on the individual submission.

It is expected that the Project will take 20-30 hours of time to complete including time in and out
of the classroom. The final outcomes could be provided in different forms but if based largely on
written work this should not exceed 2000 words for the group submission and a further 1000
words for the individual submission.

The Project could be structured along the following lines:
   • Discussion of the aims of the Project and possible reasons for the choice of area of study.
   • Development of Project Plan, including roles and responsibilities and intended outcomes.
   • Information gathering, including cross-cultural collaboration, and ongoing evaluation of
      information.
   • Discussion of ideas for action, implementation and ongoing development of Project Plan.
   • Evaluation of Project outcome, including individual contribution and learning.

It will not be necessary for all these headings to be included in the submitted work, but this
structure provides a framework against which the criteria will be applied.


External Written Paper (2 hours)

Component 3, Written Paper, will consist of data and arguments, not necessarily balanced, in
respect of two complex global issues. Candidates will be assessed on their ability to respond in
four different ways:
(a) to identify key concepts and aspects in each issue in respect of which it might be
      appropriate to make a provisional judgement, making clear one’s criteria for judgement.
(b) to formulate a range of questions, from questions of interpretation/meaning, to questioning
      of knowledge claims (in respect of assumptions, assertions and nature or source of
      knowledge), to questions of validity of argument or of value judgement, and of possible
      consequences or alternatives;
(c) to propose a plan of enquiry or research that might be helpful towards making a more
      considered judgement;
(d) to commit to a line of reasoning towards a conclusion or proposal for moving towards a
      resolution of some of the issues surrounding a global issue;




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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                            Final Draft


CURRICULUM CONTENT

Introduction
The core working concept of the syllabus is that of ‘global issues’. It is around such issues that
the students are expected to develop their thinking and learning.

The emphasis in the syllabus is more on developing ways of thinking about issues than on
demonstrating great knowledge.

However, effective global thinking must at least involve enquiry into relevant facts, as well as
reflection on their significance. Hence the stipulation that students show evidence of research
into at least five global areas of study. What is not being stipulated is which particular areas of
study these should be. There are three reasons for this.

Firstly, an ideal behind the syllabus is that of developing active global citizens. But the more
prescriptive the content, the greater the risk of making passive learners. The intention here is to
give as much scope and encouragement as possible for students to negotiate (with their
teachers) their own paths of enquiry into the complex world they are living in.

The second reason is that several of the areas of study are interconnected to such an extent that
students might well find themselves getting drawn into studying one as a result of studying
another. But it is much preferable for them, again, to find and pursue their own connections than
for there to be a rigid prescription in advance of which particular combination of areas they
should explore.

The final reason is that the students studying this programme around the world will find
themselves in many different contexts where the different issues will have greater or lesser
degrees of impact on their environment. It is hoped that students will select issues to study
based on their own areas of interest in discussion with their teachers. This element of choice
and localisation of the syllabus to the local context is an aim of many IGCSE syllabuses and
aims to encourage student engagement with their learning.


Clarification of Areas of study
Within this syllabus an area of study is essentially a global theme, or issue which can be viewed
from a wide range of perspectives. In researching an area of study students are required to
consider a range of perspectives and the connections between them.


                                            Global and
                                           International
                                           Perspectives




                                               Area of
                                                Study
                                                             Local and
                             Family and                       National
                              Personal                      Perspectives
                            Perspectives




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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                           Final Draft

The matrix on the following pages identifies a number of areas of study that may be considered
as ‘containing’ global issues and may be used as headlines under which to structure student
enquiries and portfolios.

It is emphasised that the curriculum content is to be constructed largely by teachers and students
themselves. So they may wish to develop their own questions for investigation from the given
areas of study. They may prefer to start from a more immediate, personal or group concern
rather than the broad area of study, and see how the concern subsequently leads into one or
more global issues and areas of study. The actual starting points, therefore, could be newspaper
articles, TV programmes or films, for example, or guest speakers or NGO websites etc – with the
headline areas of study to be clarified only later.

The questions in the matrix provided are not intended to be a list of questions that the students
work through, but rather as examples of the sort of questions that may stimulate enquiry into
particular issues and form part of the ongoing discussion about those issues.

The spirit of the syllabus is to allow the students to make their own way through the information
they research in each area of study and develop their own meaning and perspective based on
that information and the analysis and evaluation of it.

Above all, the areas of study and questions or issues chosen should be recognised as important,
not just to humans in general, but to the students personally.


Cautionary notes
(a)   If teachers and students wish to explore other areas of study not specified in this matrix,
      centres should submit a completed proposal form (see Appendix C) to CIE for approval
      prior to study.

(b)   It is emphasised that an area of study, such as Biodiversity and Ecosystem Loss, should
      not be regarded as an invitation to construct a project or a portfolio as a piece of empirical,
      research e.g. into deforestation. The desire to collect relevant facts is an important
      disposition of an active global citizen, but what is more important is addressing the issues
      within the area of study. What makes deforestation a matter of global import is not the bald
      fact that about 20 per cent of tropical and sub-tropical forests have disappeared since the
      1960s. It is the effect of this loss on human (and animal and plant) life, both locally and
      globally.

      It is questions about human relations to the forests – what they get out of them, what they
      put into them, how they should conduct those relations in future – that are important to this
      issue. In general, human relations, with the planet and/or with each other, are at the centre
      of any and all global issues.




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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                                 Final Draft

Curriculum Matrix
                                     Possible Questions/Issues for Investigation

Areas of study         Global/International             Local/National               Family/Personal
                          Perspectives                   Perspectives                 Perspectives
                    Why do people have             What are the different        What differing beliefs do
                    different belief systems?      belief systems in my          my friends and family
                    What are some of the           country and in my             have? How do these
                    different belief systems       community? How do             beliefs affect their
 Belief Systems     held in different countries?   these belief systems          behaviour and how other
                    How do belief systems          affect the nature of the      people view them? Have
                    affect a country’s political   local community? Is           my own beliefs changed
                    system and culture?            respect shown for other       over time?
                                                   peoples’ beliefs?
                    Why are plant species          How can habitats (plant       How do I and my family
                    threatened? How can            and animal) be                and friends use existing
                    existing material/mineral      maintained? What              material/mineral
                    resources be maintained?       projects/initiatives are      resources? Do I do
                    How would we judge             there in my country for       anything to threaten plant
Biodiversity and
                    whether the loss of a          maintaining resources         species? What steps can
Ecosystem Loss
                    number of plant or animal      and/or finding alternative    I/we take to reduce
                    species constituted a          sources?                      ecosystem loss?
                    disaster? Are humans
                    themselves becoming
                    more, or less, diverse?
                    What causes climate            How does my country           Are my family and friends
                    change? What are the           approach climate              really aware of the
                    effects of climate change?     change? What facilities       issues? Do I, my family,
                    Is the present climate         or laws exist to help         my friends do anything
Climate Change      change a natural               reduce the impact? What       that might contribute to
                    phenomenon or human            measures are taken in the     climate change? Are
                    induced? How do different      local community?              there further steps we
                    countries approach climate                                   could take?
                    change?
                    Why do wars and conflicts      Which groups seem to be       What causes conflicts
                    begin? Are wars an             in conflict within my own     between me and my
                    inevitable part of being       country or community? Is      family or peers? How are
  Conflict and      human? Where is there          it their interests or ideas   these conflicts best
    Peace           conflict in the world today?   that are conflicting? What    resolved? How can this
                    What is the role of the UN     political/ethical systems     help me to understand
                    in times of conflict?          enable people to live with    conflict on a wider scale?
                                                   their differences?
                    How do infant mortality        How good are my local         What can I do to keep
                    rates and expected life        health care and sports        myself healthy? Do I
                    spans compare in different     facilities? Are they          have a responsibility to
                    countries? What are the        equally available to          keep myself healthy, and
  Disease and       reasons for this? What are     everyone? Which people        if so, why? Where should
     Health         the major health problems      in my locality have the       I go if I have a health
                    facing the world today? Is     greatest health care          worry or need advice
                    access to good health care     needs? How well does          about staying healthy?
                    a right?                       my community cater for
                                                   people with disabilities?
                    What is education for?         What types of education       How much do I value my
                    What is the relationship       are available in my area?     own education? What do
                    between a country’s wealth     Who uses them? How is         I most want to learn as I
                    and its rates of literacy?     education funded? What        grow older? If I could
Education for All   What effect does illiteracy    are the educational           change the education
                    have on a person and on a      options available for         system, what changes
                    country? Does everyone         people with learning          would I make to the
                    have the right to an           difficulties or physical      curriculum?
                    education?                     disabilities?
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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                                 Final Draft



                                  Possible Questions/Issues for Investigation

Areas of study       Global/International            Local/National               Family/Personal
                        Perspectives                  Perspectives                 Perspectives
                  Why is employment             What are the employment       How are my extended
                  important? Which              levels in my country and      family and friends’
                  countries have highest/       local community? How          parents employed? How
                  lowest employment levels?     do they compare with          does this affect my/ their
 Employment
                  Why do employment levels      other countries? What is      lifestyle and choices?
                  differ? What causes           done to help the              What is important to me
                  unemployment?                 unemployed?                   about the kind of job I
                                                                              have?
                  Why do some countries         What sorts of families live   What responsibilities do
                  have a high proportion of     in my local area? What        my parents have to me?
                  children, or of elderly       proportion of households      What responsibilities do I
                  people? What difficulties     are single people? Has        have to them? What sort
  Family and
                  can this cause? What is a     this changed in recent        of parent do I want to
 Demographic
                  ‘family’? What                decades? What support         become, if at all? How
   Change
                  responsibilities do family    is there in my area for       would I choose to be
                  members have to one           families in need? How is      cared for when I am
                  another? How/why has the      this funded?                  elderly?
                  family changed?
                  What are the world’s          Who are the biggest fuel-     Which fuels/resources do
                  mineral resources used        users in my locality?         I regularly use at home
                  for? Which countries          Where do local fuel           and at school/college?
                  provide the most/least?       supplies come from? Is        How can I, and my family
                  Which countries use the       my community taking           and friends contribute to
Fuel and Energy
                  most/least? Who controls      action to reduce fuel         reducing fuel
                  the prices? What kinds of     consumption? Does my          consumption?
                  fuels are the most            community use solar
                  environmentally friendly?     power, wind power,
                                                hydro-electric power?
                  How well do humans share      What are the laws in my       What are the attitudes of
                  the planet with other         country relating to           my friends and family to
                  species? Are certain          humans and other              animals and other
 Humans and       species more important        species? Do people in         creatures? Do my
 Other Species    than others? Should           my country show respect       friends/family have strong
                  humans be permitted to        to animals and other          beliefs about keeping
                  ‘use’ other species to make   creatures?                    pets, being vegetarian,
                  their lives easier/better?                                  experiments on animals?
                  Why do people make            What are the crime rates      Do I or my family or my
                  laws? Do we need laws?        in my country/                friends break any laws?
                  What causes some people       community? What are           Do I feel safe in my local
                  to break laws? Who decide     the major crimes? What        community? Has crime
   Law and
                  which laws should be in       schemes are there to          affected me or my family
  Criminality
                  force? What are the           protect people from           and friends? Can I do
                  problems caused by            crime? How effective is       anything to help prevent
                  different law systems in      the national/local police     crime?
                  different countries?          force?
                  Which are the most/ least     How does my country           What technology do I
                  technological nations?        stand in comparison with      have access to at
                  Why do nations have           others with regard to         home/school? How does
                  differing levels of           levels of technology and      the level of technology
Technology and
                  technology? Which are the     economic status? How          and economic status of
 the Economic
                  wealthiest/poorest nations?   does this affect the level    my family affect me, my
     Divide
                  What are the effects of       of development and living     family and friends?
                  differing levels of           standards of my region?
                  technology and economic
                  status?

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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                                Final Draft


                                      Possible Questions/Issues for Investigation

Areas of study          Global/International             Local/National               Family/Personal
                           Perspectives                   Perspectives                 Perspectives
                     How do countries trade         What does my country          What should I consider
                     with one another? Who          import and export? Which      when I make decisions
                     makes the rules? Why are       countries do we trade with    about whose products to
                     some countries with plenty     the most? Why are some        buy? What effect does
                     of natural resources poorer    goods imported even           this have on the lives of
 Trade and Aid
                     than some other                though we produce similar     others around the world?
                     countries? Do richer           goods at home?                Are there some
                     countries have a                                             companies I should
                     responsibility to help                                       specially support, or
                     poorer countries?                                            boycott?
                     Why do people value            What traditions give my       Should I be proud of my
                     tradition? Why do people       country a sense of national   country? Do I have
                     divide into nations? Why       identity? How many            duties to my country?
                     do some people move            different ethnic              What cultural traditions
                     from one country to            backgrounds live in my        have I inherited? How
Tradition, Culture
                     another? How does this         community? What can we        important is tradition to
 and Language
                     affect their lives? If we      learn from each other?        me? How important is it
                     have ‘European citizens’,                                    for me to learn a foreign
                     should we aim eventually                                     language?
                     for all people to be ‘World
                     citizens’?
                     Why are more houses            What provision is there in    What kind of homes do I
                     being built in many            my country for homeless       and my family and
                     countries in the world?        people? What kind of          friends live in? What is
                     Should there be                homes are there in my         important to me about my
                     restrictions on house          community? Does the           home? How would I feel
  Urbanisation       building? What different       housing meet people’s         about new houses being
                     types of houses are there      needs? What happens to        built near my home?
                     in the world? What are the     people in my area if they
                     rules in different countries   are homeless?
                     for building houses?

                     Why do people need clean       Is my community at risk       How does my water use
                     water? Why do some             from flood or drought?        affect that of others? Do
                     countries have an              What emergency                I need to make an effort
                     inadequate supply of clean     measures are in place for     to save water? How
     Water
                     water? Who owns a river        coping with droughts or       could I do this? Who
                     that passes through            floods in my community or     pays for clean water?
                     several countries? What        country? Who uses the
                     causes droughts/floods?        most water?




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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                              Final Draft


APPENDIX A:
COURSEWORK ASSESSMENT CRITERIA AND PROCEDURES

Portfolio Assessment Criteria
A total of 100 marks will be available for the Portfolio, which will contribute 50% of the final mark.

Marks should be awarded, for each area of study considered, against the following headings:

                                                                            Total Mark
 Criteria                                                      Basic study         Extended study
                                                                (2 areas)             (2 areas)
 Gather information, representing different perspectives             6                     6
 Analyse issues within the area of study                             6                     6
 Identify and evaluate possible scenarios                            6                     6
 Formulate possible courses of action                                –                     6
 Develop evidence/criteria-based personal response,
 demonstrating self-awareness                                        –                     8


Marks will be awarded against each criterion using the following level statements.




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Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                                   Final Draft

Portfolio Criteria
                                                               Marks
                            Band 1                Band 2                 Band 3                 Band 4
Criterion                     1-2                   3-4                    5-6                   7-8
Gather              Limited information     A range of relevant   A broad range of
information,        is gathered that        information is        relevant
representing        illustrates a few       gathered that         information is
different           perspectives            represents several    gathered that
perspectives        (perhaps only two).     perspectives.         represents a
                                                                                            Not applicable
                                                                  variety of
                                                                  perspectives
                                                                  (including global,
                                                                  local and
                                                                  personal).
Analyse issues      Simple analysis         The analysis          Thorough analysis
within the areas    showing little          shows some            of pertinent issues
of study            understanding of        consideration of      with in-depth
                                                                                            Not applicable
                    conditions or           conditions and        consideration of
                    causes.                 causes.               conditions and
                                                                  causes.
Identify and        Ideas are simple        Several possible      A broad range of
evaluate possible   and limited in          scenarios are         scenarios is
scenarios           scope (perhaps          identified based on   identified based on
                    only providing one      evidence collected.   evidence collected.
                    or two simple           Evaluation is         There is thorough
                    scenarios) and          limited.              evaluation of
                                                                                            Not applicable
                    replicate                                     possible outcomes.
                    information
                    collected from
                    other sources.
                    There is little or no
                    evaluation.
Formulate           Few possible            Some suitable         A broad range of
possible courses    courses of action       courses of action     well-developed
of action.          are proposed            are proposed          courses of action
                                                                                            Not applicable
                    which are               which are             are proposed.
                    simplistic in           developed to a
                    approach.               basic level.
Develop             Response is             Response makes        Response is             Response is
evidence-based      simplistic and          occasional            detailed in places      detailed and is fully
personal            makes little            reference to the      and is justified with   justified with
response,           appropriate             considered            reference to the        reference to the
demonstrating       reference to the        evidence. There is    considered              considered
self-awareness.     considered              some evidence of      evidence. There is      evidence. There is
                    evidence. There is      self-awareness.       significant             evidence of
                    minimal evidence                              evidence of self-       sophisticated and
                    of self-awareness.                            awareness.              perceptive self-
                                                                                          awareness.




                                                    13
Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                            Final Draft

Project Assessment Criteria
A total of 40 marks will be available for the Project, which will contribute 20% of the final mark.

The marks should be awarded for group and individual contributions against the following
headings:

                   Criteria                            Nature of Assessment              Total Mark
 Constructive participation in discussions                          Group                      6
 Project Plan                                                       Group                      6
 Participation in group work/activities         Individual                                     6
 Representation of different viewpoints and
                                                                    Group                      8
 perspectives (including cross-cultural)
 Evaluation of Project Outcome                  Individual                                     6
 Evaluation of individual contribution and      Individual                                     8
 learning

Marks will be awarded against each criterion using the following level statements.




                                                 14
Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                                Final Draft

Project Criteria
                                                             Marks
                            Band 1                Band 2                 Band 3               Band 4
Criterion                     1-2                    3-4                   5-6                 7-8
Constructive        Group discusses        Group discusses        Group discusses
participation in    issues without         issues mainly in a     issues in a highly
discussions         sustained focus.       focused way and is     constructive
                    Requires               able to solve most     manner, resolves
                    intervention to        conflicts without      conflicts without
                    resolve conflicts.     intervention.          intervention and        Not applicable
                    Little responsive      Some listening         achieves purpose
                    listening.             skills displayed.      in a focussed way.
                                                                  Evidence of
                                                                  responsive
                                                                  listening.
Project Plan        Simplistic plan        Appropriate aims       Well-formulated
                    lacking direction      are identified.        plan, with well
                    and detail. Roles      Roles and              defined aims and
                                                                                          Not applicable
                    and responsibilities   responsibilities are   clearly defined
                    are unclear.           not fully specified.   roles and
                                                                  responsibilities.
Participation in    Student is             Student is             Student
group               generally              generally              participates
work/activities     unsupportive of        constructive and       constructively and
                    other group            takes responsibility   assumes full
                    members. He/she        for most allocated     responsibility for
                                                                                          Not applicable
                    completes some         tasks. Is usually      allocated tasks. Is
                    allocated tasks but    supportive of other    supportive of other
                    contributes            group members.         group members.
                    reluctantly to the
                    group.
Representation of   Outcome                Outcome                Outcome                Outcomes
viewpoints and      demonstrates           demonstrates           demonstrates           demonstrate
perspectives        limited awareness      some awareness         considerable           sophisticated
(including cross-   of different           of different           awareness of           awareness of a
cultural)           perspectives.          perspectives.          different              wide range of
                    Representation         Representation         perspectives.          perspectives.
                    shows little insight   shows some             Shows clear            Representation
                    or understanding       understanding of       understanding and      incorporates
                    of viewpoint(s)        viewpoint(s) from      appreciation of        empathy,
                    from other             other culture(s) but   different              understanding and
                    culture(s).            is inconsistent.       viewpoint(s) from      appreciation of
                                                                  other culture(s).      viewpoint(s) from
                                                                                         other culture(s)
Evaluation of       Evaluation is          Evaluation shows       Evaluation shows
Project Outcome     simplistic and         understanding of       insight into
                    shows limited          major successes        successes and
                    understanding of       and failures of the    failures of the
                    successes and          project. Evaluation    project. Evaluation
                    failures of the        is not consistently    is clearly linked to
                    project.               linked to the aims.    the initial aims.
                                                                  Suggestions are         Not applicable
                                                                  made for
                                                                  improvements (e.g.
                                                                  other lines of
                                                                  enquiry or
                                                                  procedures that
                                                                  could have been
                                                                  followed)


                                                    15
Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                                Final Draft

                                                           Marks
                        Band 1                  Band 2                Band 3                 Band 4
Criterion                  1-2                     3-4                  5-6                     7-8
Evaluation of     Evaluation is           Evaluation shows      Evaluation shows      Evaluation shows
individual        simplistic and          some awareness        self-awareness        perceptive self-
contribution      shows limited           of how own            and main strengths    awareness in
(including what   sense of personal       contribution both     and weaknesses        identifying
was learnt from   responsibility in the   helped and            are identified.       strengths and
cross-cultural    project, and of         hindered group        Student reflects on   weaknesses.
collaboration)    alternative ways of     progress in the       own learning from     Student shows
                  contributing to it.     project, and some     cross-cultural        insight into own
                                          appreciation of the   collaboration.        learning from
                                          value and                                   cross-cultural
                                          challenges of                               collaboration and
                                          collaboration in a                          demonstrates the
                                          group and across                            ability to rethink
                                          cultures.                                   their own initial
                                                                                      position(s).




                                                  16
Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                          Final Draft

Moderation Procedures for Portfolio and Project Work
(a)   Internal Moderation
      When two or more teachers in a Centre are involved in internal assessment, arrangements
      must be made within the Centre to ensure that all candidates have been assessed to a
      common standard.


(b)   External Moderation
      Candidate marks for the Portfolio and the Project must be received by CIE no later than 30
      April for May/June examinations and 31 October for November examinations. A sample of
      Coursework must be uploaded to CIE together with the appropriate assessment forms. CIE
      will provide detailed guidance on the submission of electronic coursework for Global
      Perspectives in a separate guidance document.
      The sample of candidates’ work must cover the whole ability range. If there are ten or fewer
      candidates, the Coursework of all the candidates must be sent to CIE.
      Where there are more than ten candidates all the Coursework that contributed to the final
      mark will be required for the number of candidates as follows:

                                                   number of candidates whose work is
            number of candidates entered
                                                                required
                      11-50                                        10
                      51-100                                       15
                    above 100                                      20

      The teacher responsible for internal standardisation in the Centre for that syllabus must
      select the 10, 15 or 20 candidates covering the whole mark range with marks spaced as
      evenly as possible from the top mark to the lowest mark. Where there is more than one
      teacher involved in the marking of the work, the sample must include approximately equal
      samples of the marking of each teacher.
      A further sample of Coursework may subsequently be required. All records and supporting
      written work should be retained until after the publication of the results.




                                                17
Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                    Final Draft


APPENDIX B: PORTFOLIO SELF-EVALUATION FORM

Centre Name:

Centre Number:

Candidate Name:

Candidate Number:

                      Pupil Comment                    Which piece(s) of work show
                                                       evidence of this?




 Something that
 demonstrates my
 skills




 Something that
 made me think in a
 new way




                                        18
Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457   Final Draft




Something I found
difficult or
challenging




Something I might
do differently
another time




Something I really
enjoyed




                                  19
Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457                           Final Draft


APPENDIX C: AREA OF STUDY PROPOSAL FORM

     International General Certificate of Secondary Education
                     GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES
Teachers wishing to cover an area of study not in the curriculum matrix should complete this form
and submit to CIE.


Centre Name:

Centre Number:

                                         Suggested Questions for Investigation

 Proposed Area(s) of         Global/International      Local/National         Family/Personal
 Study                              Level                  Level                   Level




Please copy this form as necessary.
Forms should be sent to:
      CIE
      1 Hills Road
      Cambridge
      CB1 2EU
      UK
                                                20

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Global Perspectives Syllabus

  • 1. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft International General Certificate of Secondary Education Global Perspectives Pilot syllabus for examination in 2009 Syllabus Code 0457 You can find syllabuses and information about CIE teacher training events on the CIE Website www.cie.org.uk.
  • 2. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft IGCSE Global Perspectives Syllabus Code 0457 CONTENTS Page RATIONALE 1 INTRODUCTION 1 AIMS 2 ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES 3 ASSESSMENT 4 CURRICULUM CONTENT 7 COURSEWORK ASSESSMENT CRITERIA AND PROCEDURES 12 PORTFOLIO SELF-EVALUATION FORM 18 AREA OF STUDY PROPOSAL FORM 20
  • 3. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft RATIONALE Young people in countries across the world face unprecedented challenges in the 21st century - not least in how they will come to terms with accelerating changes in that world, that will impact on their life chances and life choices. The rationale behind this syllabus is to provide opportunities for enquiry into, and reflection on, those changes. A prime emphasis will be on developing the sorts of skills and dispositions of thinking that active citizens of the future will need. This rationale accords not only with the international ethos that underpins all of the IGCSE syllabuses but also with the thinking expressed by UNESCO in its seminal reports on education: Education must include activities and processes that encourage awareness of, and commitment to, the solutions of global problems. This should be done in such ways that people learn solutions are possible through cooperation at all levels – at the levels of individuals, organisations and nations. UNESCO (cited by Walker, 2002) It should be particularly noted that developing awareness of this sort is not a question of how to get everybody to think identically. On the contrary, it is a matter of opening minds to the great complexity of the world and of human thought, and opening hearts to the diversity of human experience and feeling. Students undertaking this course must consider the themes and issues from local, national and global angles whilst developing their own personal perspective. Through this approach, it is hoped that young people will develop independent minds, at the same time as developing their sense of community, from local to global. Perhaps, indeed, the syllabus goes a step further in reflecting that: ‘The global is personal, and the personal is global’. INTRODUCTION All IGCSE syllabuses follow a general pattern. The main sections are: Aims Assessment Objectives Assessment Curriculum Content IGCSE subjects have been categorised into groups, subjects within each group having similar Aims and Assessment Objectives. This syllabus is designed so that, in concept and practice, it draws on a variety of subjects, across a number of groups. It can be described as trans-disciplinary, suggesting simply the need for teachers and students to look at global themes and issues from a variety of perspectives. These could include almost any disciplinary perspective, from the mathematical to the anthropological, but also perspectives that are not disciplinary; particularly the personal. It follows from the above that: (a) the syllabus can be taught by teachers from a variety of disciplines, provided that they have a broad interest in matters of global import, and a deep commitment to preparing young people for their role in an increasingly interdependent world. 1
  • 4. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft (b) the syllabus will appeal to students not simply because it will extend their understanding of the world, but also because it will develop their general potential to understand different perspectives and to make reasoned responses: skills which will be useful in their study of all other disciplines. AIMS The aims of the syllabus are the same for all students. These are set out below and describe the educational purposes of a syllabus in Global Perspectives for the IGCSE examination. They are divided into ends – understandings, and means – habits of mind. They are not listed in order of priority, and not all aims will be assessed. The aims are to: Ends • become aware of a range of global themes and issues, viewed from personal, local, national and global perspectives, and of the connections between them • develop insights into the causes of these issues, and their possible future effects on the planet and on humanity • develop insights into the student’s own nature, circumstances and possible future, as a member of the human race, but also as an individual with unique biological and cultural inheritances and to Means • develop the disposition to engage in enquiry, especially those forms - such as philosophical, spiritual, ethical and political enquiry - that draw out very different perspectives on global themes and issues • develop the disposition to engage in dialogue, collaboration and action, to share and compare experiences, feelings, ideas, ideals, projects and practices with those immediately around them, but also with those living in other countries and/ or cultures • develop the dispositions of reflection and evaluation, i.e. thinking about experiences, observations, data, feelings, ideas, ideals, projects and practices - their own and others’ - with a view to seeing whether and how such things might be improved. • develop the disposition to seek clarity and develop a personal viewpoint, wherever possible, in relation to the global themes and issues studied 2
  • 5. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES (A) Candidates should be able to: 1. give evidence of engagement with different areas of study and of the capacity to represent the issues within those areas clearly, and from different perspectives - in particular, showing awareness of rights and responsibilities that may arise, and of the connections between them. 2. present an analysis of the conditions and causes of the issues, and a reasoned prediction of possible and likely scenarios (depending on how the issues may be addressed), and in particular indicating policies (personal and/or political) that they favour, and why. 3. demonstrate self-awareness over the period of study, in terms of their recognition of their own circumstances, feelings, aspirations, attitudes, beliefs, values, etc. but especially in terms of their awareness of what it means to live in their own place and time. (B) Candidates should be able to: 4. formulate critical and creative questions (i.e. questioning meanings, knowledge claims, means/practices, ends/values, likely and possible consequences, alternative perspectives, etc.) in response to a variety of stimuli. 5. propose lines of enquiry that go beyond immediate questions such as where, when and what, to deeper questions such as how, why and what if. 6. develop lines of reasoning, in order to provide an explanation or justify a point. 7. identify key elements from a complex question or situation from an area of study, including grounds for judgement, with a view to forming a perspective of their own. 8. participate constructively in a series of dialogues and group activities with their peers, showing some evidence of reflection on, and evaluation of, their participation. 9. collaborate with people living in another country and/or culture including but not limited to engaging in a dialogue arising from an area of study, with an aim to appreciating differing views and opinions of people from different cultures or countries. 3
  • 6. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft ASSESSMENT Scheme of Assessment Summary Assessment will be in three parts: Component 1 Portfolio, Component 2 Project and Component 3 Written Paper, carrying respectively 50%, 20% and 30% of the marks. Duration Weighting Nature of Assessment Component 1 n/a 50% Individual Portfolio Component 2 Individual 50% n/a 20% Project Group 50% Component 3 2 hours 30% Individual Written Paper Each component has a different focus in terms of assessment, as follows: Portfolio – the focus is on research, developing lines of reasoning, consideration of a wide variety of perspectives and reflecting on own circumstances. Project – the focus is on analysis of issues, group work and collaboration. Written Paper – the focus is on enquiry, reasoning and evaluation. 4
  • 7. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Description of Components Portfolio Component 1, the portfolio, should be used to collect evidence of engagement with four areas of study and the issues within them, including consideration of possible futures. In two of the areas of study candidates will also be expected to present and evaluate a range of possible actions (including policies) at different levels (from the personal to the global), clearly developing and articulating a perspective of their own. These areas of study could be explored through a variety of stimuli, such as films or images, some of which might raise issues that are more personal than global – though global implications should always be born in mind. All material for the Portfolio should be stored electronically so it can be submitted to CIE via the internet for moderation. It must consist of at least some extended writing but candidates should also be encouraged to construct, for example, written dialogues or posters or other vehicles to present different perspectives. The expression of their own perspective might be provided via digitised audio or video tapes for example, or pictures or graphics which, if not originally in digital form, should be digitally scanned or photographed. All such digitised items must be accompanied by titles and short written explanations connecting them to the particular area of study. The Portfolio should include an appendix showing the approximate number, and general goals, of internet searches made during the course, plus any other main resources that were used. It should be emphasised that credit in assessment will be given for quality of personal reflection and response, rather than quantity of information (re)produced – though the reflection needs to be clearly in response to facts, as well as expressive of a personal point of view or perspective. As part of the portfolio, students must complete the self-evaluation form which requires them to reflect on the development of their ideas (see Appendix B). The evidence provided on the form will be assessed along with the rest of the portfolio by the students’ teachers using the Portfolio Assessment Criteria in Appendix A. It is recommended that students keep a record of the development of their ideas throughout the course (e.g. web log, scrapbook, diary) to facilitate the completion of this form. It is expected that the Portfolio will take approximately 80 to 100 hours to complete including work both in and out of the classroom. The submission is likely to take various forms but where a candidate’s response is largely written this should be between 1000 and 1500 words for each of the two basic studies and 1500 and 2500 words for each of the two extended studies. For each area of study the Portfolio could be structured along the following lines: • Identification of the area to be investigated, including possible reasons for the choice. • Information gathering, demonstrating an understanding of the different perspectives on the issues arising and the impacts at a personal, local and global level. • Analysis and evaluation of information, highlighting and even ranking the key elements. • Prediction of possible scenarios and evaluation of likelihood and effects of the outcomes. The extended studies could proceed along these lines: • Identification of possible courses of action. • A personal response to the issues, clearly based on an understanding of the information collected. It will not be necessary for all these headings to be included in the submitted work, but this structure provides a framework against which the criteria will be applied (see Appendix A). 5
  • 8. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Project Component 2, the Project, must be explicitly connected with an issue within an area of study other than one of the four explored in the Portfolio. Projects may be taken on by the whole class, or individual groups may select different areas of study. Individual groups should contain between four and six students. Each project group will be expected to produce a collective representation of the thinking behind, the aims of, the planning and progression of the project (i.e. the activities undertaken), and the obvious outcomes of their project. The representation must include evidence that the students have collaborated with others from another culture and/or country. The final representation should be in electronic form so it can be submitted to CIE for moderation via the internet. The Project is marked by the teacher using the Project Assessment Criteria (see Appendix A). Each student will also be expected to submit an individual evaluation of their own contribution to the project, such as information and ideas they contributed, as well as an evaluation of, and personal reflection on, the project as a whole. The group will be awarded 50% of the available marks for this component based on the group submission and individuals will be awarded the final 50% based on the individual submission. It is expected that the Project will take 20-30 hours of time to complete including time in and out of the classroom. The final outcomes could be provided in different forms but if based largely on written work this should not exceed 2000 words for the group submission and a further 1000 words for the individual submission. The Project could be structured along the following lines: • Discussion of the aims of the Project and possible reasons for the choice of area of study. • Development of Project Plan, including roles and responsibilities and intended outcomes. • Information gathering, including cross-cultural collaboration, and ongoing evaluation of information. • Discussion of ideas for action, implementation and ongoing development of Project Plan. • Evaluation of Project outcome, including individual contribution and learning. It will not be necessary for all these headings to be included in the submitted work, but this structure provides a framework against which the criteria will be applied. External Written Paper (2 hours) Component 3, Written Paper, will consist of data and arguments, not necessarily balanced, in respect of two complex global issues. Candidates will be assessed on their ability to respond in four different ways: (a) to identify key concepts and aspects in each issue in respect of which it might be appropriate to make a provisional judgement, making clear one’s criteria for judgement. (b) to formulate a range of questions, from questions of interpretation/meaning, to questioning of knowledge claims (in respect of assumptions, assertions and nature or source of knowledge), to questions of validity of argument or of value judgement, and of possible consequences or alternatives; (c) to propose a plan of enquiry or research that might be helpful towards making a more considered judgement; (d) to commit to a line of reasoning towards a conclusion or proposal for moving towards a resolution of some of the issues surrounding a global issue; 6
  • 9. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft CURRICULUM CONTENT Introduction The core working concept of the syllabus is that of ‘global issues’. It is around such issues that the students are expected to develop their thinking and learning. The emphasis in the syllabus is more on developing ways of thinking about issues than on demonstrating great knowledge. However, effective global thinking must at least involve enquiry into relevant facts, as well as reflection on their significance. Hence the stipulation that students show evidence of research into at least five global areas of study. What is not being stipulated is which particular areas of study these should be. There are three reasons for this. Firstly, an ideal behind the syllabus is that of developing active global citizens. But the more prescriptive the content, the greater the risk of making passive learners. The intention here is to give as much scope and encouragement as possible for students to negotiate (with their teachers) their own paths of enquiry into the complex world they are living in. The second reason is that several of the areas of study are interconnected to such an extent that students might well find themselves getting drawn into studying one as a result of studying another. But it is much preferable for them, again, to find and pursue their own connections than for there to be a rigid prescription in advance of which particular combination of areas they should explore. The final reason is that the students studying this programme around the world will find themselves in many different contexts where the different issues will have greater or lesser degrees of impact on their environment. It is hoped that students will select issues to study based on their own areas of interest in discussion with their teachers. This element of choice and localisation of the syllabus to the local context is an aim of many IGCSE syllabuses and aims to encourage student engagement with their learning. Clarification of Areas of study Within this syllabus an area of study is essentially a global theme, or issue which can be viewed from a wide range of perspectives. In researching an area of study students are required to consider a range of perspectives and the connections between them. Global and International Perspectives Area of Study Local and Family and National Personal Perspectives Perspectives 7
  • 10. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft The matrix on the following pages identifies a number of areas of study that may be considered as ‘containing’ global issues and may be used as headlines under which to structure student enquiries and portfolios. It is emphasised that the curriculum content is to be constructed largely by teachers and students themselves. So they may wish to develop their own questions for investigation from the given areas of study. They may prefer to start from a more immediate, personal or group concern rather than the broad area of study, and see how the concern subsequently leads into one or more global issues and areas of study. The actual starting points, therefore, could be newspaper articles, TV programmes or films, for example, or guest speakers or NGO websites etc – with the headline areas of study to be clarified only later. The questions in the matrix provided are not intended to be a list of questions that the students work through, but rather as examples of the sort of questions that may stimulate enquiry into particular issues and form part of the ongoing discussion about those issues. The spirit of the syllabus is to allow the students to make their own way through the information they research in each area of study and develop their own meaning and perspective based on that information and the analysis and evaluation of it. Above all, the areas of study and questions or issues chosen should be recognised as important, not just to humans in general, but to the students personally. Cautionary notes (a) If teachers and students wish to explore other areas of study not specified in this matrix, centres should submit a completed proposal form (see Appendix C) to CIE for approval prior to study. (b) It is emphasised that an area of study, such as Biodiversity and Ecosystem Loss, should not be regarded as an invitation to construct a project or a portfolio as a piece of empirical, research e.g. into deforestation. The desire to collect relevant facts is an important disposition of an active global citizen, but what is more important is addressing the issues within the area of study. What makes deforestation a matter of global import is not the bald fact that about 20 per cent of tropical and sub-tropical forests have disappeared since the 1960s. It is the effect of this loss on human (and animal and plant) life, both locally and globally. It is questions about human relations to the forests – what they get out of them, what they put into them, how they should conduct those relations in future – that are important to this issue. In general, human relations, with the planet and/or with each other, are at the centre of any and all global issues. 8
  • 11. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Curriculum Matrix Possible Questions/Issues for Investigation Areas of study Global/International Local/National Family/Personal Perspectives Perspectives Perspectives Why do people have What are the different What differing beliefs do different belief systems? belief systems in my my friends and family What are some of the country and in my have? How do these different belief systems community? How do beliefs affect their Belief Systems held in different countries? these belief systems behaviour and how other How do belief systems affect the nature of the people view them? Have affect a country’s political local community? Is my own beliefs changed system and culture? respect shown for other over time? peoples’ beliefs? Why are plant species How can habitats (plant How do I and my family threatened? How can and animal) be and friends use existing existing material/mineral maintained? What material/mineral resources be maintained? projects/initiatives are resources? Do I do How would we judge there in my country for anything to threaten plant Biodiversity and whether the loss of a maintaining resources species? What steps can Ecosystem Loss number of plant or animal and/or finding alternative I/we take to reduce species constituted a sources? ecosystem loss? disaster? Are humans themselves becoming more, or less, diverse? What causes climate How does my country Are my family and friends change? What are the approach climate really aware of the effects of climate change? change? What facilities issues? Do I, my family, Is the present climate or laws exist to help my friends do anything Climate Change change a natural reduce the impact? What that might contribute to phenomenon or human measures are taken in the climate change? Are induced? How do different local community? there further steps we countries approach climate could take? change? Why do wars and conflicts Which groups seem to be What causes conflicts begin? Are wars an in conflict within my own between me and my inevitable part of being country or community? Is family or peers? How are Conflict and human? Where is there it their interests or ideas these conflicts best Peace conflict in the world today? that are conflicting? What resolved? How can this What is the role of the UN political/ethical systems help me to understand in times of conflict? enable people to live with conflict on a wider scale? their differences? How do infant mortality How good are my local What can I do to keep rates and expected life health care and sports myself healthy? Do I spans compare in different facilities? Are they have a responsibility to countries? What are the equally available to keep myself healthy, and Disease and reasons for this? What are everyone? Which people if so, why? Where should Health the major health problems in my locality have the I go if I have a health facing the world today? Is greatest health care worry or need advice access to good health care needs? How well does about staying healthy? a right? my community cater for people with disabilities? What is education for? What types of education How much do I value my What is the relationship are available in my area? own education? What do between a country’s wealth Who uses them? How is I most want to learn as I and its rates of literacy? education funded? What grow older? If I could Education for All What effect does illiteracy are the educational change the education have on a person and on a options available for system, what changes country? Does everyone people with learning would I make to the have the right to an difficulties or physical curriculum? education? disabilities? 9
  • 12. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Possible Questions/Issues for Investigation Areas of study Global/International Local/National Family/Personal Perspectives Perspectives Perspectives Why is employment What are the employment How are my extended important? Which levels in my country and family and friends’ countries have highest/ local community? How parents employed? How lowest employment levels? do they compare with does this affect my/ their Employment Why do employment levels other countries? What is lifestyle and choices? differ? What causes done to help the What is important to me unemployment? unemployed? about the kind of job I have? Why do some countries What sorts of families live What responsibilities do have a high proportion of in my local area? What my parents have to me? children, or of elderly proportion of households What responsibilities do I people? What difficulties are single people? Has have to them? What sort Family and can this cause? What is a this changed in recent of parent do I want to Demographic ‘family’? What decades? What support become, if at all? How Change responsibilities do family is there in my area for would I choose to be members have to one families in need? How is cared for when I am another? How/why has the this funded? elderly? family changed? What are the world’s Who are the biggest fuel- Which fuels/resources do mineral resources used users in my locality? I regularly use at home for? Which countries Where do local fuel and at school/college? provide the most/least? supplies come from? Is How can I, and my family Which countries use the my community taking and friends contribute to Fuel and Energy most/least? Who controls action to reduce fuel reducing fuel the prices? What kinds of consumption? Does my consumption? fuels are the most community use solar environmentally friendly? power, wind power, hydro-electric power? How well do humans share What are the laws in my What are the attitudes of the planet with other country relating to my friends and family to species? Are certain humans and other animals and other Humans and species more important species? Do people in creatures? Do my Other Species than others? Should my country show respect friends/family have strong humans be permitted to to animals and other beliefs about keeping ‘use’ other species to make creatures? pets, being vegetarian, their lives easier/better? experiments on animals? Why do people make What are the crime rates Do I or my family or my laws? Do we need laws? in my country/ friends break any laws? What causes some people community? What are Do I feel safe in my local to break laws? Who decide the major crimes? What community? Has crime Law and which laws should be in schemes are there to affected me or my family Criminality force? What are the protect people from and friends? Can I do problems caused by crime? How effective is anything to help prevent different law systems in the national/local police crime? different countries? force? Which are the most/ least How does my country What technology do I technological nations? stand in comparison with have access to at Why do nations have others with regard to home/school? How does differing levels of levels of technology and the level of technology Technology and technology? Which are the economic status? How and economic status of the Economic wealthiest/poorest nations? does this affect the level my family affect me, my Divide What are the effects of of development and living family and friends? differing levels of standards of my region? technology and economic status? 10
  • 13. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Possible Questions/Issues for Investigation Areas of study Global/International Local/National Family/Personal Perspectives Perspectives Perspectives How do countries trade What does my country What should I consider with one another? Who import and export? Which when I make decisions makes the rules? Why are countries do we trade with about whose products to some countries with plenty the most? Why are some buy? What effect does of natural resources poorer goods imported even this have on the lives of Trade and Aid than some other though we produce similar others around the world? countries? Do richer goods at home? Are there some countries have a companies I should responsibility to help specially support, or poorer countries? boycott? Why do people value What traditions give my Should I be proud of my tradition? Why do people country a sense of national country? Do I have divide into nations? Why identity? How many duties to my country? do some people move different ethnic What cultural traditions from one country to backgrounds live in my have I inherited? How Tradition, Culture another? How does this community? What can we important is tradition to and Language affect their lives? If we learn from each other? me? How important is it have ‘European citizens’, for me to learn a foreign should we aim eventually language? for all people to be ‘World citizens’? Why are more houses What provision is there in What kind of homes do I being built in many my country for homeless and my family and countries in the world? people? What kind of friends live in? What is Should there be homes are there in my important to me about my restrictions on house community? Does the home? How would I feel Urbanisation building? What different housing meet people’s about new houses being types of houses are there needs? What happens to built near my home? in the world? What are the people in my area if they rules in different countries are homeless? for building houses? Why do people need clean Is my community at risk How does my water use water? Why do some from flood or drought? affect that of others? Do countries have an What emergency I need to make an effort inadequate supply of clean measures are in place for to save water? How Water water? Who owns a river coping with droughts or could I do this? Who that passes through floods in my community or pays for clean water? several countries? What country? Who uses the causes droughts/floods? most water? 11
  • 14. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft APPENDIX A: COURSEWORK ASSESSMENT CRITERIA AND PROCEDURES Portfolio Assessment Criteria A total of 100 marks will be available for the Portfolio, which will contribute 50% of the final mark. Marks should be awarded, for each area of study considered, against the following headings: Total Mark Criteria Basic study Extended study (2 areas) (2 areas) Gather information, representing different perspectives 6 6 Analyse issues within the area of study 6 6 Identify and evaluate possible scenarios 6 6 Formulate possible courses of action – 6 Develop evidence/criteria-based personal response, demonstrating self-awareness – 8 Marks will be awarded against each criterion using the following level statements. 12
  • 15. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Portfolio Criteria Marks Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Criterion 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-8 Gather Limited information A range of relevant A broad range of information, is gathered that information is relevant representing illustrates a few gathered that information is different perspectives represents several gathered that perspectives (perhaps only two). perspectives. represents a Not applicable variety of perspectives (including global, local and personal). Analyse issues Simple analysis The analysis Thorough analysis within the areas showing little shows some of pertinent issues of study understanding of consideration of with in-depth Not applicable conditions or conditions and consideration of causes. causes. conditions and causes. Identify and Ideas are simple Several possible A broad range of evaluate possible and limited in scenarios are scenarios is scenarios scope (perhaps identified based on identified based on only providing one evidence collected. evidence collected. or two simple Evaluation is There is thorough scenarios) and limited. evaluation of Not applicable replicate possible outcomes. information collected from other sources. There is little or no evaluation. Formulate Few possible Some suitable A broad range of possible courses courses of action courses of action well-developed of action. are proposed are proposed courses of action Not applicable which are which are are proposed. simplistic in developed to a approach. basic level. Develop Response is Response makes Response is Response is evidence-based simplistic and occasional detailed in places detailed and is fully personal makes little reference to the and is justified with justified with response, appropriate considered reference to the reference to the demonstrating reference to the evidence. There is considered considered self-awareness. considered some evidence of evidence. There is evidence. There is evidence. There is self-awareness. significant evidence of minimal evidence evidence of self- sophisticated and of self-awareness. awareness. perceptive self- awareness. 13
  • 16. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Project Assessment Criteria A total of 40 marks will be available for the Project, which will contribute 20% of the final mark. The marks should be awarded for group and individual contributions against the following headings: Criteria Nature of Assessment Total Mark Constructive participation in discussions Group 6 Project Plan Group 6 Participation in group work/activities Individual 6 Representation of different viewpoints and Group 8 perspectives (including cross-cultural) Evaluation of Project Outcome Individual 6 Evaluation of individual contribution and Individual 8 learning Marks will be awarded against each criterion using the following level statements. 14
  • 17. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Project Criteria Marks Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Criterion 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-8 Constructive Group discusses Group discusses Group discusses participation in issues without issues mainly in a issues in a highly discussions sustained focus. focused way and is constructive Requires able to solve most manner, resolves intervention to conflicts without conflicts without resolve conflicts. intervention. intervention and Not applicable Little responsive Some listening achieves purpose listening. skills displayed. in a focussed way. Evidence of responsive listening. Project Plan Simplistic plan Appropriate aims Well-formulated lacking direction are identified. plan, with well and detail. Roles Roles and defined aims and Not applicable and responsibilities responsibilities are clearly defined are unclear. not fully specified. roles and responsibilities. Participation in Student is Student is Student group generally generally participates work/activities unsupportive of constructive and constructively and other group takes responsibility assumes full members. He/she for most allocated responsibility for Not applicable completes some tasks. Is usually allocated tasks. Is allocated tasks but supportive of other supportive of other contributes group members. group members. reluctantly to the group. Representation of Outcome Outcome Outcome Outcomes viewpoints and demonstrates demonstrates demonstrates demonstrate perspectives limited awareness some awareness considerable sophisticated (including cross- of different of different awareness of awareness of a cultural) perspectives. perspectives. different wide range of Representation Representation perspectives. perspectives. shows little insight shows some Shows clear Representation or understanding understanding of understanding and incorporates of viewpoint(s) viewpoint(s) from appreciation of empathy, from other other culture(s) but different understanding and culture(s). is inconsistent. viewpoint(s) from appreciation of other culture(s). viewpoint(s) from other culture(s) Evaluation of Evaluation is Evaluation shows Evaluation shows Project Outcome simplistic and understanding of insight into shows limited major successes successes and understanding of and failures of the failures of the successes and project. Evaluation project. Evaluation failures of the is not consistently is clearly linked to project. linked to the aims. the initial aims. Suggestions are Not applicable made for improvements (e.g. other lines of enquiry or procedures that could have been followed) 15
  • 18. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Marks Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Criterion 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-8 Evaluation of Evaluation is Evaluation shows Evaluation shows Evaluation shows individual simplistic and some awareness self-awareness perceptive self- contribution shows limited of how own and main strengths awareness in (including what sense of personal contribution both and weaknesses identifying was learnt from responsibility in the helped and are identified. strengths and cross-cultural project, and of hindered group Student reflects on weaknesses. collaboration) alternative ways of progress in the own learning from Student shows contributing to it. project, and some cross-cultural insight into own appreciation of the collaboration. learning from value and cross-cultural challenges of collaboration and collaboration in a demonstrates the group and across ability to rethink cultures. their own initial position(s). 16
  • 19. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Moderation Procedures for Portfolio and Project Work (a) Internal Moderation When two or more teachers in a Centre are involved in internal assessment, arrangements must be made within the Centre to ensure that all candidates have been assessed to a common standard. (b) External Moderation Candidate marks for the Portfolio and the Project must be received by CIE no later than 30 April for May/June examinations and 31 October for November examinations. A sample of Coursework must be uploaded to CIE together with the appropriate assessment forms. CIE will provide detailed guidance on the submission of electronic coursework for Global Perspectives in a separate guidance document. The sample of candidates’ work must cover the whole ability range. If there are ten or fewer candidates, the Coursework of all the candidates must be sent to CIE. Where there are more than ten candidates all the Coursework that contributed to the final mark will be required for the number of candidates as follows: number of candidates whose work is number of candidates entered required 11-50 10 51-100 15 above 100 20 The teacher responsible for internal standardisation in the Centre for that syllabus must select the 10, 15 or 20 candidates covering the whole mark range with marks spaced as evenly as possible from the top mark to the lowest mark. Where there is more than one teacher involved in the marking of the work, the sample must include approximately equal samples of the marking of each teacher. A further sample of Coursework may subsequently be required. All records and supporting written work should be retained until after the publication of the results. 17
  • 20. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft APPENDIX B: PORTFOLIO SELF-EVALUATION FORM Centre Name: Centre Number: Candidate Name: Candidate Number: Pupil Comment Which piece(s) of work show evidence of this? Something that demonstrates my skills Something that made me think in a new way 18
  • 21. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft Something I found difficult or challenging Something I might do differently another time Something I really enjoyed 19
  • 22. Global Perspectives IGCSE 0457 Final Draft APPENDIX C: AREA OF STUDY PROPOSAL FORM International General Certificate of Secondary Education GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES Teachers wishing to cover an area of study not in the curriculum matrix should complete this form and submit to CIE. Centre Name: Centre Number: Suggested Questions for Investigation Proposed Area(s) of Global/International Local/National Family/Personal Study Level Level Level Please copy this form as necessary. Forms should be sent to: CIE 1 Hills Road Cambridge CB1 2EU UK 20