1. Energy Kinetic energy (EK) Potential energy (EP) Energy due to motion Energy due to position (stored energy) What is Energy?

2. Total Energy = Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy E = EK + EP Kinetic energy & potential energy are interchangeable Ball thrown upwards slows & loses kinetic energy but gains potential energy The reverse happens as it falls back to the ground

3. Law of Conservation of Energy: the total energy of the universe is constant and can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed. The internal energy, U, of a sample is the sum of all the kinetic and potential energies of all the atoms and molecules in a sample i.e. it is the total energy of all the atoms and molecules in a sample

4. State Functions A property of a system that changes independently of its pathway Energy changes this way

5. Temperature vs. Heat Temperature (T) is a measure of the kinetic energy of particles’ random motion (°C, °F or K) Heat (q) is a measure of the total amount of energy transferred from an object of high temperature to one of low temperature (J or cal)

7. The Ultimate Formula (not really) The heat energy needed to raise a substance to a certain temperature is related to the mass of the substance and the temperature change (ΔT) q = mass x specific heat x temperature change q = m CpΔT