The document discusses innovations in photovoltaic (PV) applications in Chilean mining operations. It describes how existing mine structures like conveyor systems and dumps could utilize solar power. It also discusses adapting PV technologies to the harsh mining environment through innovations like heterojunction solar cells, smart wire interconnects, and frameless glass-glass modules. Northern Chile is highlighted as having very high solar irradiation suitable for utility-scale PV projects. Local value creation through PV manufacturing in Chile is also addressed.

1. Seminario Fundación Chile: Pioneros en Innovación
Aumentando la sostenibilidad en minería
21.3.13 / Tirso Diaz, Business Development Director

2. MB Group Industry Segments
Optics Semiconductor Solar LED
1953: 1979: 1999: Wafer 2010: Wafer
Cutting Technologies Cutting Technologies - Cutting Technologies - Boule / Core Preparation
Measuring Systems - Measuring Systems - Orientation
Wafer Handling - Wafer Handling - Cutting Technologies
Automation Systems - Robotics and Automation - Drilling
- Diamond Wire - Grinding
1999 (2011): Cell - Measuring Systems
- Inspection Systems - Wafer Handling
- Handling Systems - Diamond Wire
Seminario Fundación Chile
- Coating Systems
2001 (2010): Module
- Cell Connecting
- Module Solutions
- Lamination
- Measurement Systems
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3. Swiss Innovations in
PV Applications
Planet Solar:
Around the world on the solar ship Tûranor
• Around the world in 2010/11 with only solar
power source:
• 537 m2 solar surface producing 93.5 kW Planet Solar
solar energy
Monte Rosa Mountain Hut (2883m):
Project of ETH (Swiss Federal Institute of
Technology Zürich and SAC (Swiss Alpine Club)
• 90% of energy produced by solar energy
• Concept for max. energy efficiency and
energy saving
• Space for 120 People
Seminario Fundación Chile
Solar Impulse:
Around the world in the solar airplane
• Completed several day flights
• Planned to fly around the world
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source: Solar Impulse

4. Solar Energy with largest potential
The Atacama the highest irradiation
Source: http://asrc.albany.edu/people/faculty/perez/ source: Nrel
Solar Geothermal Wind Wave- and Hydropower
Tidal-Power
Seminario Fundación Chile
120`000 TW 12.0 TW 3.0 TW 2.0 TW 0.5 TW 4

5. Innovations for PV Applications
in Chilean mining (1)
?
Seminario Fundación Chile
source: Solarskilift.ch
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6. Innovations for PV Applications
in Chilean mining (2)
Solar Skilift Tenna (Safien Valley):
Commissioned end of 2011
• 246 Modules, 245W polycrystalline Total
60 kWp
• Single axis tracking
• Approx. 90’000 kWh produced per year,
29’000 kWh needed for ski lift operation
source: Solarskilift.ch
Seminario Fundación Chile
Key points:
• Value add by using of an “existing”
structure
• Adaptation to the consumption needs
• Adaptation to the environment
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source: Solarskilift.ch

7. Innovations for PV Applications
in Chilean mining (3)
Although grit parity is already reached in
northern Chile the use of standard set ups
?
might not everywhere be suitable for the
harsh mining environment
Value add, longevity and cost reduction come
from adapted solutions & innovations
What existing structures can be used?
Feeding systems
Dump areas
Unused / old pits
Consumption needs
How much energy is needed and
Seminario Fundación Chile
when?
Planeability of consumption
Reliability of production
The environment
Dust => Abrasion / Cleaning
Heat => Temp. coefficient 7

8. PV Technologies adapted for the
harsh mining/desert environment
Wafer Cell Module
Seminario Fundación Chile
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9. PV Technologies adapted for the
harsh mining/desert environment
Cell HJT Cell
Next steps:
Test the new module technology
in the target environment and get
proof of concept
Identify Chilean “mining
• Higher efficiency cell (21.3% experienced” solution provider for
with potential up to 24%) PV installation solution
• Improved temperature
Identify Chilean company to build
coefficient
the technology
Module Smart Wire interconnection Frameless Glass-Glass
Seminario Fundación Chile
• Robust technology • No frame (no dust accumulation)
• Cost savings • Higher stability
• Low CTM losses • Abrasion resistance
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10. What else…?
Solar powered desalination, pumping
and storing / irrigation solutions
• Mines are thirsty
• In combination with dams an ideal
energy storage
• With desalinated water deserted land
Source: http://www.water-
can be reclaimed for agricultural use
technology.net/projects/israel/israel9.html
Seminario Fundación Chile
BIPV = Building Integrated PV
• Off grid solutions
• In combination with net metering viable
in grid connected solutions
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11. Muchas gracias por su atención

12. PV as building material

13. Plus energy industrial buildings
Energy used for heating cooling 13MWh, Energy produced 58MWh

14. Tilt roof with themal and PV
9 kWp PV installed, Energy produced : > 8‘500 kWh

15. Shadings
MB Academy, OV-M9
Water and Life Center, California, USA 15
(42.75 kWp)

16. World Game Stadion Taiwan
Aero-Foto by Chi Po Lin

17. Solar Irradiation in northern Chile
Source: IRRADIANCIA SOLAR EN TERRITORIOS DE LA REPUBLICA DE CHILE, CNE / PNUD / UTFSM, 2008
Chuquicamata
Latitude 23.31° MJ/m2
Azimut 180° (North) Jan Feb Mrz Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez Total
Inclination 12° 828.3 663.9 691.5 591.4 508.6 491.2 528 703.4 652.6 772.1 785.7 820.7 8037.4
Calc. parameters STD HJT
Panel efficiency 16% 18.50%
Panel technoligy %/°C -0.43 -0.25
Performance Ratio 90% 90%
Operating Temperature °C 35 37
Surface per kWp m2/kWp 6.25 5.41
Power factor 0.03828 0.04486
Chuquicamata kWh/m2
Power per month Jan Feb Mrz Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez Total
Standard Cell 32 25 26 23 19 19 20 27 25 30 30 31 308
Heterojunction Cell 37 30 31 27 23 22 24 32 29 35 35 37 361
kWh/kWp
Power per KWp Inst. Jan Feb Mrz Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez Total
Standard Cell 198 159 165 141 122 118 126 168 156 185 188 196 1'923
Heterojunction Cell 201 161 168 143 123 119 128 171 158 187 191 199 1'949
The achievable Power of 361KWh/m2 respectively
1’949 KWh/KWp (HJT Cells) per year in Chuquicamata
represents approx. factor 1.9 of the power achieved in
Switzerland/Germany with the same installation!
Source: CNE

18. Utility scale PV
Supply Agreement Tender Tender PPA
Technology Wafer/Cell/
Power Power
& Equipment Module EPC
Utility Consumer
Supplier Manufacturer
TCO $/Wp LCOE $/kWh
• Price • CAPEX • Energy efficiency • Government • Demand over 24h /
• Quality • Cell & Module • Longevity policies year
• OEE (Availability x Efficiency • BOS • Energy mix • Planeability of
Performance X • Yield • Grid stability & demand
Yield) • Uptime availability • Dependability from
• OPEX / sources
Availability and
stability of
consumables
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19. Germany as example
On Friday May 25th, 2012 Germany had 22.4 GW PV-power in the grid and totally
produced 1.1 TWh that week!
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20. Local Value Creation in PV
module manufacturing
Quartz Sand Silicon Solar
Ingot Wafer Solar Cell Module
SiO2 Si Systems
Installation
Importation of all goods only local labour and engingeering of Modules
Max 10%
Local module manufacturing
Importation of cells, glass, aluminium and encapsulation materials. Local starting with 15MW/a and
labour and engineering installation
Max 15%
From ingot pulling to PV System with local glass, aluminium and
encapsulation materials manufacturing. Starting from 80MW/a to ideally >
Importation of raw silicon 0.5 GW/a
Up to 80%
From sand (quartz sand, assuming availability in country) to PV System with local glass, aluminium and
encapsulation materials manufacturing. Starting from 80MW/a to ideally > 0.5 GW/a
Up to 100%

21. Local Value Creation in PV
module manufacturing
Quartz Sand Silicon Solar
Ingot Wafer Solar Cell Module
SiO2 Si Systems
Acquisition
No CAPEX, only personnel for installation and engineering, full cash out for almost all
of modules
hardware required
at $/Wp
Purchase of cells, glass,
Low CAPEX (approx. m€ 1.5 @ 15MW/a), approx. 5 to 8 employees per aluminium and
shift depending on automation level encapsulation materials in
larger volumes
CAPEX of approx. m€
100 for complete 80MW/a
Purchase of raw silicon in large quantities
Fab and total of approx.
200 emp.
Complete local value creation, CAPEX of approx. m€ 3’500 for a complete 1.5 GW/a Fab and approx.
6’000 employees