1. Mobile Learning

2. What is Mobile Learning Mobile learning (m-learning) refers to the use of mobile and handheld IT devices, such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), mobile telephones, laptops and tablet PC technologies, in teaching and learning.

3. Relationship of m-learning to e-learning

4. Evolution of Learning The evolution distance learning can be categorized as a move from d-Learning (distance learning )to e-Learning(electronic learning) to m-Learning(mobile Learning) d-Learning  e-Learning  m-Learning

7. Technology to support M-Learning SMS : Short Message Service allows users to send/receive message of up to 160 characters between mobile phones(text messaging) MMS : Multimedia Messaging Service that same purpose as SM but allows the inclusion of graphic. WAP : An international protocol that allows users to access the internet via WAP enable mobile phones. Bluetooth : A short range wireless connection. PDAs : Personal Digital Assistants.

8. Why Mobile Learning Mobile phones are widely available and owned by many students.(number of Malaysia’s mobile subscribers has touched 20 million, which is 80% of the population of Malaysia (The Star, May 24, 2006) Mobile phones are easy to use . Users need not be skilled ICT users as it does not require a high level of ICT skills to use a mobile phone. mLearning encourages the different learning styles .(SMS,MMS)

9. Advantage of M-Learning Interaction : Student interaction with instructors and among each other. Portability : PDAs are lighter than books and enable the student to take notes or input data directly into device regardless of location either typed, handwritten or using voice. Collaborative : Enable several students work together on assignment even while at distance locations. Engaging learners: The new generation likes mobile devices such as PDAs, phones and games devices. Autonomy : Mobile learning provide the student more autonomy and flexibility.

10. Challenges of M-Learning Technical challenges: Small Screen Size Small key size Limited Performance, in terms of processor capabilities, available memory , storage space and battery life. Left to right scrolling ,web sites too big to see effectively on small screen.