Slides to accompany Industrial Revolution Unit

1. Industrialization
ch 25

2. Beginnings

3. Explain the beginning of industrialization in
Britain:
• Improvements in farming methods in the 1700s
boost crop yields and lead to enclosed land
• Many small farmers lose their land, move to the
city, and become urban workers
• Britain possesses ideal conditions for the
growth of industry

4. Describe key inventions that furthered the
Industrial Revolution:
• Key inventions revolutionized industry during
the 1700s and 1800s
• The textile industry is the first to benefit, with
the invention of machines to produce cotton
cloth
• Transportation expands with the invention of
the steam engine and the construction of
canals, roads, and railroads

5. Industrialization

6. Describe the social and economic effects of
industrialization
• Industrialization leads to economic growth &
urbanization
• Industry generates wealth for some but
hardship for others
• As divisions between rich and poor grow,
class tension escalates

7. Show how Manchester exemplified the new
industrial city
• Manchester becomes an example of the new
industrial city
• Textile factories produce great wealth for mill
owners
• Workers and the environment suffer the
effects of industrialization

29. Social Economic
Positives
Negatives

30. Industrialization Spreads

31. Describe industrial growth in the United States
• Like Britain, the United States offers
conditions favorable to the growth of industry
• British machinery spawns an American textile
industry
• American industry expands rapidly in the
late-1800s, fueled by the growth of railroads

32. Explain the spread of industry in Europe
• At first, war and unrest in Europe delay the
growth of industry
• Belgium is the first country in Europe to
industrialize, followed by Germany
• Other parts of Europe begin to develop
industry in the mid-1800s, though progress is
slow in some areas

33. Identify the effects of industrialization on the
rest of the world
• The Industrial Revolution widens the gap
between more-developed and less-developed
nations
• Industrialized countries exploit overseas
colonies for resources and markets
• Over time, standards of living rise in the
industrial nations

34. Colonialism
an extension of a nation’s sovereignty over
territory beyond its own national borders, and
the rule or displacement of indigenous
populations.
Colonizing nations generally dominate the
resources, labor, and markets of the colonial
territory, and may also impose socio-cultural,
religious, and linguistic structures on the
indigenous population.
e.g. Anglo-Zulu War, 1879

35. An Age of Reform

37. Identify ideas and thinkers that support
industrialization
• Laissez-faire thinkers support a free market
and oppose government regulation
• Economists argue that natural law governs
economic life

38. Explain the origins and main concepts of
socialism
• Some thinkers oppose laissez-faire policies
and favor government efforts to improve
people’s lives
• Utilitarian thinkers argue that government
should promote the general welfare
• Socialists and Marxists propose state controls
to achieve social and economic equality

39. Examine unionization and legislative reform
• Workers organize unions to raise wages and
improve conditions
• Unions eventually become established and
legal
• Reform laws are passed in Britain and the
United States to limit child labor and set
work hours

40. Describe other reform movements of the 1800s
• Industrialization spurs the growth of various
reform movements
• The abolition movement helps to end slavery
by the late 1800s
• Women fight for their rights, while education
and prison reform make strides