1. Collection Management Training Program

2. Designed by Edward Suarez Updated by The LC Training Group- 2005 Collection Management Group Book Graphics by Rob Krack Supervised by Marie Brodman Credits Link Test Here TO A PDF Document To a PDF plus Link

4. Section 1: Classification Theory

5. Classification Theory Libraries need an organizational system to find their materials. Libraries arrange materials on the shelves so that items on a given subject are found close to others on that subject. This is called a classification system .

6. Classification Theory One well-known system is Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) It is most frequently used in high school libraries and in many public libraries.

7. Classification Theory Many college and university libraries, however, use another one called the….. Library of Congress (LC) Classification System Because it was developed at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. in 1897.

8. Classification Theory The LC system of call numbers uses a series of letters and numbers to identify each book. Call Number

10. Classification Theory A complete LC call number is actually composed of several parts: V.1 1988 J66 76.8 QA Subclass Subdivision Cutter Number Date Volume

11. Classification Theory A vertical arrangement of call number components is the customary display used on books QA 76.8 .M3J66 1988 v.1 These call numbers can be found ...

12. Classification Theory Or on the Spine On the Cover

13. Section 2: Call Number Elements Now, lets learn more about the LC classification system, how call numbers fit together and how you interpret them.

14. Call Numbers The Library of Congress Classification System divides all knowledge into twenty-one major classes, such as religion, history, education, etc.. A letter from A to Z is used to represent each class. General Knowledge Education Math Fiction

16. Call Numbers The broad classes of knowledge are then subdivided to represent more specific areas of learning. Double letters such as: P, Q, M are CLASSES. PS, QK, ML are SUBCLASSES For example: PS = American Literature QK = Botany ML = Music Literature

17. Call Numbers Where would you expect to find various collections of the stories of Edgar Allan Poe? Poe was an American author, therefore his books should be found with other books of American literature. The classification for LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE is P , and the subclass for works by American authors is PS.

18. Call Numbers As you can see each subclass is actually an entire area of study or learning in itself. Smaller subdivisions in the classification system are necessary to bring books on similar topics together in the library. Numbers from 1-9999 are added to the class letters to provide these subdivisions

19. Call Numbers For example within the ML subclass for music literature, ML 1 is used for music magazines. ML 410 is the class for biographies of composers.

20. Call Numbers Consider the book, Beethoven: Life and Works , by T. Carter. It is classed in ML where books about Music (Music Literature) are to be found.

21. Call Numbers The ML subclass has several ranges of numbers used to represent different types of books about music. ML 159-197 Music history by time period (20th century, medieval music) ML 198-350 Music history by country (India, England, U.S.A) ML 385-429 Biographies (composers, performers, scholars)

22. Call Numbers In the biography subdivision, those books about composers are always classed in ML 410. We can find all the biographies of famous composers, such as Beethoven and Mozart, in this section.

23. Call Numbers On the other hand, biographies of performers such as, The Beatles, John Coltrane or David Hasselhoff are classed in ML 420 . The Numbers used in subclasses designate SPECIFIC CATAGORIES of materials .

24. Call Numbers LC Classes , Subclasses and Numerical Subdivisions form a HIERARCHY --like an outline. Each large group may be divided into subgroups. Each subgroup is related to its larger group. Hierarchies

25. Section 3: Cutter Numbers The second component of an LC call number is the Cutter Number , sometimes called the author number. It always begins with a decimal point, and consists of a series of letters and numbers. 1 3 9

26. Cutter Numbers Let’s look at the order given to books in the classes F21: F F F F F 21 21 21 21 21 .B4 .B45 .B5 .B73 .B8 Cutter numbers The order of the call numbers above shows that numerals in the Cutter Numbers are treated as Decimals rather than Whole Numbers . Decimal Numbers .4<.45<.5 Whole Numbers 4<5<45

27. Cutter Numbers Cutter numbers may be Single : .R44 .R47 A single Cutter Number begins with a decimal point, has a letter and one or more numbers. A Cutter Number may also be Double : .B8N39 .B8N4 .B82A5

28. Cutter Numbers For example, in the biography section for composers ( ML 410 ), the biographies of Mozart are grouped by using the Cutter number “ .M92 ”. These biographies are further ordered through the use of a double Cutter Number. The second alpha-numeric sequence represents the names of the authors of the biographies. .M92C6 - Life of Mozart by Cecile (the “C” in the cutter number represents Cecile) .M92E5 - Mozart: A Child Prodigy by Ewing (the “E” in the cutter number represents Ewing)

29. Section 4: Other Call Number Elements

30. Other Call Number Elements To identify a particular item more precisely, it is sometimes necessary to add information to the basic call number (classification number and cutter numbers). + Basic Call Numbers Other Identifiers

31. Other Call Number Elements These elements may be….. Dates to indicate year of publication. PR .C67 1987 Date

32. Other Call Number Elements Additional elements may be.. Series designation (e.g. Ser.1, Ser.2, etc.) when the publisher has organized volumes into different groups or series. HB 1 .A5 Ser. 1 v.1 no.5 Series

33. Other Call Number Elements Additional elements may also be.. Volume Number (v.) is used to identify one volume of a multi-volume work having single title. When periodical issues are bound together, a volume number is an important part of the call number. HB 1 .A5 Ser. 1 v.1 no.5 Volume Number

34. Other Call Number Elements The final additional Element is…. Parts designation (pt.) to indicate that one volume has been divided into several parts. M 3 .H46 Ser. 1 v.7 pt..5 Parts Designation

35. Other Call Number Elements The various additional descriptors may be combined in different ways as needed to provide a unique location for each item in the library’s collection. M 3 .H46 Ser. 1 v.7 pt..5 M 3 .H46 Ser. 1 v.7 pt..6 M 3 .H46 Ser. 1 v.8 M 3 .H46 Ser. 1 v.8 pt.2 M 3 .H46 Ser. 1 v.8 pt.3 M 3 .H46 Ser. 1 v.8 pt.4

37. Using Call Number Elements Single letters are shelved before double letters. When you have a call number that starts with a single letter, all call numbers that start with that letter and an additional letter are shelved after it. Below, there are several call numbers from the K section that provide a good example of this. Double letters are also shelved before triple letters. K 172 .G59 1891 KF 129 .F32 c.2 KFN 15 .T2 pt.2 KG 19 .L5T6 1982 KL 9 .89.B4 v.2

38. Using Call Number Elements Letters are shelved before numbers. When you encounter a cutter number where there are no letters at the beginning of the cutter, it is shelved after the cutters with letters at the beginning. Be aware that some cutter numbers start on the same line as the base number, and some start on the next line. E 183 .L6 1999 E 183 .51 1983 E 184 .R73 v.12 E 184 .6 1998 E 184.61 .C9 v.2

39. Using Call Number Elements Numbers in front of the first decimal are whole numbers, while those after the first decimal are considered groups of decimal numbers. Q 15 .5 1999 Q 153 .5 1999 Q 1569 .5 1999 Q 1569 .51 1999 Q 1569 .6 1999

43. Other Call Number Elements Copy Numbers In some libraries each copy of a title is designated by adding Copy 1 or Cop. 2 or C.3 to the call number of the title. This was formerly the practice of the RU Libraries, but now barcode numbers provide copy identification when it is needed and (old) copy markings can be ignored (Unless your shelving in the stacks area).

44. The End