1. Test of Reading Comprehension
By: Sami Napier & Sabrina Richardson
2. To identify students whose scores are
significantly below those of their peers and who
might need interventions designed to improve
reading comprehension
To determine areas of relative strength and
weakness across reading comprehension abilities
To document overall progress in reading
development as a consequences of interventions
programs
To serve as a measure for research efforts
designed to investigate reading comprehension
3. Ages, 0-7 and 11-17
Able to understand directions of subtests
Able to formulate the necessary responses
Able to read English
4. No time limits
The entire test varies from 30 minutes to 90
minutes
The average time being an hour
Each subtest generally takes 5-15 minutes
5.
6.
7. Shorten testing time
Avoid giving readers items that are too
difficult
8. Purpose: to measure the reader’s
understanding of vocabulary that is related to
a general concept
Description: 25 vocabulary questions
Ceiling: reached when three (3) items in any
five-item sequence have been answered
incorrectly
9.
10. Purpose: to measure the reader’s
understanding of meaningfully similar but
syntactically different sentence structures
Description: 20 questions
Ceiling: reached when three (3) items in any
five-item sequence have been answered
incorrectly
11.
12. Purpose: ability to answer questions related to
the paragraph
Description: 6 paragraphs with 5 questions
each
The first question requires the student to choose the best
title that conveys the overall theme
The second and fifth questions recall story details
The third question makes an inference
The fourth question makes a negative inference
Ceiling: reached when two items or more
questions for any story are answered
incorrectly
13.
14. Purpose: measure the ability to order
sentences into a paragraph
Description: 10 test questions
Consisting of 5 randomly ordered sentences and the
reader has to put them in the correct order to form a
paragraph
Ceiling: reached when any two items in a row
have a score of 3 or lower
15.
16. Purpose: understanding of mathematics
vocabulary
Description: 25 test questions
Ceiling: reached when three (3) items in any
five-item sequence have been answered
incorrectly
17.
18. Purpose: understand social studies
vocabulary
Description: 25 test questions
Ceiling: reached when three (3) items in any
five-item sequence have been answered
incorrectly
19.
20. Purpose: understanding of science vocabulary
Description: 25 test questions
Ceiling: reached when three (3) items in any
five-item sequence have been answered
incorrectly
21.
22. Purpose: measures understanding of written
directions commonly found in schoolwork
Description: 25 test questions
Consist of a printed command that the student has to
carry out on the answer sheet
Ceiling: no ceiling, all items should be
accepted
23.
24. Raw Scores: total number of points correct
for each subtest
Grade Equivalent: Indicates the reading
comprehension grade level that corresponds
to the raw score made by the student
Age Equivalent: Indicates the age level that
corresponds to the raw score made by the
student
Percentiles: Represent a value on a scale of
100 that indicates the percentage of the
distribution that is equal or below the value.
Example: 90% of a 12 year old indicates that 90 % of the
sample at that age scored at or below the raw score.
25. Subtest Standard Scores: These scores
provide the clearest indication of a person’s
subtest performance.
Example: Standard score is 8 they are considered
average and approximately half (49.50%) of the
population is average
Standard Score Description % of Age Included
17-20 Very Superior 2.27
15-16 Superior 6.86
13-14 Above Average 16.12
8-12 Average 49.50
6-7 Below Average 16.12
4-5 Poor 6.86
1-3 Very Poor 2.27
26. The Reading Comprehension Quotient
(RCQ):combination of General Vocabulary,
Syntactic Similarities, Paragraph Reading, and
Sentence Sequencing
Most reliable, valid, and useful measure of
reading comprehension
Quotient Description % Age Included
>130 Very Superior 2.27
121-130 Superior 6.86
111-120 Above Average 16.12
90-110 Average 49.50
80-89 Below Average 16.12
70-79 Poor 6.86
< 70 Very Poor 2.27
27.
28.
29.
30. 1. All subtest scores fall in a fairly narrow range
varying no more than 3 to 5 standard score
points. This means that the reader is
consistent in their reading competence.
2. Readers perform higher on reading
comprehension score subtests than on one or
more of the diagnostic supplements.
3. A reader performs significantly lower on one of
the reading comprehension core subtests.
4. A reader is inconsistent across the subtests.
31. Reading comprehension is a complex mental
ability
TORC-3 subtests were correlated with the
total scores of two intelligence tests
◦ Short-Form Test of Academic Aptitude
◦ Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised
32. The previous TORC test received negative
criticism because it failed to describe the
characteristics of the normative sample in
regards to ethnicity, race and disabling
conditions. These issues were corrected in
the TORC-3
Notas do Editor
The torc-3 is a reading comprehension test. Fairly flat profile- All subtest scores fall in a fairly narrow range varying no more than 3 to 5 standard score points. This means that the reader is consistent in their reading competence. It can indicate above-average, average, or below-average reading ability. Readers perform higher on reading comprehension score subtests than on one or more of the diagnostic supplements. This usually means they have not been taught or benefited from instruction in social studies, science, or mathematics. The third pattern occurs occasionally. A reader performs significantly lower on one of the reading comprehension core subtests. A reading is inconsistent across the subtests.