2. Ang pagkakaiba-ibaatpagiging katangi-tangi
ng lahatng anyo ng buhay na bumubuosa
naturalna kalikasanay tinatawagna
biodiversity.Ang Asya, bilang
pinakamalakingkontinente sa buong
mundo, ay itinuturingna pangunahing
pinag-mumulan ng globalbiodiversity.
3. Ngunithabangangmga bansa sa Asya ay
patuloyna papunta sa kaunlaran,
kasabay din nitoayang pagsulpotng
mga su-liraning ekolohikalat
pangkapaligiran bunsodnghindi
mapigilangpag-unladngekonomiyaat
ang patuloy napaglaki ngpopulasyon.
4. Ang mgabansang Asyano sa ngayon ay humaharapsa
masalimuotna interaksyon ngmga isyungpanlipuan,
pulitikal,ekonomiya, at pangkapaligiran.Ang
masusingugnayanat pagbabalika-tanngbawat isa sa
loob ngisang bansa, at sa pag-itanngbawat bansa ay
maha-lagaupang makapagbalangkasat
makapagpatupad ngakmangsolusyon sa mga
suliraningito.
5. Desertification– ito ay tumutukoy sa
pagkasirang lupainsa mga rehiyong
bahagyangtuyo o lubhangtuyo.
Salinization– pagigingmaalatng tubig
Habitat – tirahan ng mga hayop at ibapang
mga bagay
Hinterlands – malayonglugar, malayosa
mga urbanisadonglugar
6. EcologicalBalance– balanseng ugnayansa
pagitanng mga bagay na may buhay atang
kanilangkapaligi-ran
Deforestation – pagkaubos at pagkawalang
mga punungkahoysa mga gubat
Siltation– parami at padagdag nadeposito ng
banliknadala ng umaagos natubig sa isang
lugar.
RedTide – sanhi ng dinoflagellatesna
lumulutangsaibabawngdagat
7. 1. PAGKASIRA NG LUPA
DESERTIFICATION
-TUMUTUKOYITO SA PAGKASIRA NG LUPAIN SA MGA REHIYONG
BAHAGYANG TUYO OLUBHANG TUYO NA KAPAG LUMAON AY
HAHANTONG SA PERMANENTENG PAGKAWALA NG
KAPAKINABANGAN O PRODUCTIVITY NITO TULAD NG
NARARANASAN SAILANG BAHAGI NG CHINA, JORDAN,
IRAQ,LEBANON, SYRIA,YEMEN, INDIA AT PAKISTAN.
8. MGA DAHILAN NG PAGKASIRA NG LUPA
A. SALINIZATION
- NANUNUOT ANG TUBIG ALAT SA MGA ILOG
B. ALKALINIZATION
-TUMUTUKOYSA PORSIYENTO NG “ALKALI” SA LUPA
NAGAGANAP KAPAG MALI ANG PROSESO NG
IRIGASYON (PAGSUSUPLAY NG TUBIGSA MGA
LUGAR NA TUYO O WALANG TUBIG)
9. C. OVERGRAZING
-PAGKASIRA NG HALAMAN O VEGETATION NG
ISANG LUGAR –DAHIL DITO ANG KAPASIDAD
NG DAMUHAN AY HINDI SAPAT SA LAKI NG
KAWAN NG MGA HAYOP (HAL. ANG NAGYAR
SA HILAGANG IRAQ, SAUDI ARABIA, OMAN)
12. PROBLEMA SA SOLID WASTE
DAHILAN
-PAGLAKAS NG INDUSTRIYA
-WALANG MAAYOS NA PASILIDAD PARASA
MGA BASURA(HINDI MAAYOS NA
PANGANGASIWA NG BASURA)
EPEKTO
-PAGKONTAMINA O PAGKADUMI NG
HANGIN,
13. -PAGKONTAMINA SA LUPA(KAPAG
NANUOT SA LUPA ANG MGA MAASIDO AT
DI-ORGANIKONG MATERYALNITO)
-PROBLEMANGPANGKALUSUGAN
-PROBLEMANG EKOHOLIKALSA
KALIKASAN
16. POLUSYON SA TUBIG
-KONTAMINASYON MULA SA
BASURA,MARUMING TUBIGGALING SA
MGAINDUSTRIYA,OIL SPILL,LATAK O
RESIDUES NG MGA PESTECIDES
-PROBLEMANG PANGKALUSUGAN DAHIL
SA URBANISASYON
17. HAL. HUANG HO, GANGES, AMU AT SYR DARYA
-ANG MGA RADIO ACTIVE WASTES MULA SA MGA
PLANTA(URANIUM PLANT) AY NANGANGANIB NA
DUMALOY SA MGA ILOG SA KARATIG BANSA NA
MAGDUDULOT NG PAGKASIRA NG BUHAY NG MGA
ORGANISMO
-ANG MGA DUMI MULA SA PAGMIMINA NA MAAARING
DUMALOY SA MGA ILOG AT MGA IRIGASYON
18. PAGKAWALA NG BIODIVERSITY
ANG ASYA ANG MAY PINAKAMAYAMANG
BIODIVERSITY SA BUONG MUNDO DAHIL SA LAWAK
NITO.MAKIKITA ANG MGA MAYAYAMANG
BIODIVERSITY SA CHINA, INDIA, THAILAND,
INDONESIA, AT MALAYSIA NAMAY PINAKAMARAMING
SPECIES NG ISDA, AMPHIBIANS, REPTILE, IBON AT
MAMMAL
22. EPEKTO
-NAKAKASAMA SA NATURAL ECOSYSTEM
-NANGANGANIB ANG MGA SPECIESNG HAYOP
AT HALAMAN (MAAARING MAWALAN NG
NATURAL NA TIRAHAN)
-NAGDUDULOT NG PAGBAHA, EROSYON NG
LUPA, PAGGUHO NG LUPA,SILTASYON AT
SEDIMENTASYON.
23. HAL. ANG MGA BANSANG
BANGLADESH
INDONESIA
PAKISTAN
PILIPINAS
AY MAY MATAAS NA ANTAS NG
DEFORESTATION KAYA NAMAN NAKAKARANAS
ANG MGA BANSANG ITO NG PAGBAHA
24. Red tides resultfrom a massivebuildupof
certainspecies of the microscopicsea
organismsknownas phytoplankton.Some of
these tiny planktonorganismsproduce
compounds thatare toxicto fishthatfeed on
them. In addition,the toxinsaccumulatein
filter-feedingshellfish,such as clams, mussels,
and oysters.
25. The shellfishthemselves are rarely affected
by the toxins,butthe poisoncan persistin
their tissuefor years andcan be passedalong
to people who eat the contaminated
shellfish.Ofthe more thanone thousand
species of phytoplankton,only abouttwo
dozen are toxic
26. . Heavyconcentrationsof both toxic
and nontoxic phytoplankton blooms
can lenda reddish-brown tint to the
surrounding water,but
contaminationcan occur even
without visiblediscoloration.
27.
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51. STEPPE GRASSLAND IN KAZAKHSTAN
SHORT, DRY GRASSES COVER THE SEMIARID STEPPE GRASSLANDS OF INTERIOR EURASIA.
THESE FLAT, MIDLATITUDE GRASSLANDS STRETCH EASTWARD FROM THE BLACK SEA INTO
KAZAKHSTAN, MONGOLIA, AND NORTHERN CHINA. A SIMILAR LANDSCAPE CAN BE FOUND IN
THE GREAT PLAINS OF NORTH AMERICA BETWEEN THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS AND THE PRAIRIES
OF ALBERTA, SASKATCHEWAN, AND THE MIDWEST UNITED STATES.
52. SavannaBiome
Herds of large grazing animals,such asthe zebra grazing. Grazing animals and fire
keep vegetation to a minimum in savannaareaswith high rainfall.Occasionalfires
burn back old grass and stimulate growth of new grass.
53. Arctic Tundra
Tundra, or low-growing vegetation including shrubs, grasses, mosses, and herbs,
covers the plainsand coastalregions of the Arctic.
54. Mongolian Steppe
Grassy plains called steppes make up an important transition zonebetween forest and desert in
Mongolia. The steppe region has a dryclimate that is ideal for grassland.
55. Mongolian Pastoralists
Horses and sheepgrazeon the Mongolian steppe (grassy plains) neartraditional Mongol
dwellings called ger.Livestock herders in modern Mongolia continue tofollow a nomadic way
of life, moving across the seemingly endless steppe in their portable dwellings.
56. Protecting China'sWildlife
This lushfrost-covered forest is part of the Wolong panda preserve, situated ina remote area of Sichuan province in south
central China.Because much of China'sland has been cleared for agricultureand industry, the countryhas lost a great deal of
naturalhabitat. But Chinahas also established morethan 450naturereserves to protect distinct ecological environmentsand
endangered plants and animals. Wolong is one of 13protected areas for the delightful giant panda.
57. Rural Japan
The small, terraced rice fields and tightly clustered homes of this agricultural
village in the Chūgoku region of Honshū Island are typical of rural Japan.
Traditionally,most Japanese lived in villages likethis one, but today most live in
cities.
60. Iran’sEasternOil Fields
Petroleumis Iran’smostimportantnaturalresource,andthe nationisoneofthe world’sleading oilproducers.Its
mainoil fields,whichhavebeen estimatedto contain48billion barrelsof crudeoil, arelocatedin theeastern
provinceofKhūzestān,withsmaller fields offshorein thePersianGulf. Oil refinerieshavebeen built in thecities of
Shīrāz,Kermānshāh,andEşfahān.
61. Iran’s Petroleum Industry
From this facilityon Kharg Island in the Persian Gulf, Iran’s oil is exported to
countries around the world. Linked to mainland oilfields by pipelines, the terminal
hasan export capacity of about 5 million barrels per day. More thanthree-fourths
of Iran’s export revenues come from foreign sales of oil.
62. Tigris River, Iraq
The Tigris River asit flows through Iraq. Present-day Iraq occupies the greater part
of the ancient land of Mesopotamia, the plain between the Tigris andEuphrates
rivers.
63. Euphrates River, Syria
Therivers in Syria, southwestern Asia, areessential to the country’s agricultural communities.
Here,Syria’s longest river, the Euphrates, runs through Karkemish. The river, because of its size,
supplies much of the water needed to irrigate the country’s large land tracts.
64. A Logging in Borneo
Cut from the thick forests of Borneo, this timber is being transported by water in the Sabah
region ofMalaysia. Most Malaysian lumberis producedin Sabah andSarawak, and it is an
important export. But worldwide concern about destruction of the rain forest has slowed the
expansion of the country's wood-products industry.
65. A PreciousSapofMalaysianRubberTrees
Thoughrubbertrees firstgrew in Brazil,seedlings werebroughttoMalaysiafromGreatBritainin thelate1800s.
Today,Malaysiaisthe world'slargestrubberproducer.Earlyin the day,treetapperscutV-shapedincisions intotree
trunksandattachcups tothe treestocatchtheflowing latex.Hours later,thelatexis collected andsenttoa factory
forprocessing.
