This document discusses how climate and weather affect the major human body systems and health. It outlines how extreme temperatures, humidity, and different seasons can impact the respiratory, musculoskeletal, digestive, circulatory, nervous, and skin systems, as well as psychology and behavior. Certain weather conditions are more conducive to the growth and spread of infectious diseases. Maintaining proper hygiene is important for health especially during climate changes.

1. Dr. Avinash Bhondwe
President, Indian Medical
Association, 2008-09

2. I
II

3. W.H.O. Definition-
Physical, Mental & Social
Well-being & not merely
absence of Disease

4. Climate & Seasons

5. BODY TEMPERATURE CONTROL

6. MAIN SYSTEMS OF HUMAN BODY
 RESPIRATORY
 MUSCULOSKELETAL
 DIGESTIVE
 CIRCULATORY
 NERVOUS SYSTEM
 SKIN & SOFT TISSUES
 PSYCHOLOGICAL

7. Respiratory System
 The Air is Inhaled in the body through
Respiratory Tract.
 That’s why it is affected most by weather
changes

8. Respiratory System
 Extreme cold, More
Humidity, Wet Climate-
 Sneezing, Cold
 Irritation & Cough
 Pneumonia
 COPD, Chronic
Bronchitis

9. Microscopic View Of
Trachea, Bronchus, Bronchioles & Lungs

10. Coughing out the Sputum
is a protective mechanism

11. Musculo-Skeletal System
208 bones
656 to 850 Muscles

12. Blood Supply to Bones
 Blood vessels contract or
dilate as per Climate
Temperature
 Cold causes constriction
& Pain
 Hot causes relief
 Joint Pains, Fracture
Pains, Arthritis, Bony
Pains

13. Digestive System
 Cold- increases
Hot- Reduces
Appetite
 Cold Causes
Constipation
 Hot causes Dehydration
Vomiting &
Constitpation
 Rainy Season-
Gastroenteritis

14. Circulatory System
 Cold reduces the
Diameter of the
Blood vessel
causing reduced
flow
 Hot dilates the
vessels causing
perspiration & low
B.P., dehydration

15. Nervous System
 Cold causes nerve roots
pain
 Hot causes burning
 Cold stimulates brain
activity
 Hot reduces the speed of
the process
 Sun Stroke , Convulsions

16. Skin Problems
 Perspiration in Hot &
wetness in Rainy season
causes- Fungal
Infections groins, clefts
 Taenia Paedis
 Summer/ Cold Rashes
 Cracks of the
Heels, palms
 Exfoliation of skin & lips
 Dryness of skin in both

17. Psychology & Behavior
 Hot causes
Confusion, Slow
mentation, Drowsiness,
 Hot increases
Anger, Irritability
 Severe cold causes
apathy, lack of attention

18. BETTER TEMPERATURE FOR GERMS
Ideal Temp: 15- 37 ^ C Ideal Temp: 5- 37 ^ C

19. Weather Changes & Infections
 Cold
 Fevers
 Loose Motions
 Vomiting
 Joint Pains
 Skin Problems
 Eye Problems

20. Weather Changes & Infections
 Fever is a part of
Immune Mechanism to
abolish the germs
causing infection
 Fever Helps to kill
Viruses & Bacteria by
increasing the
Temperature of the
Body which is not
favorable for the germs
to grow.

21. Hygiene – Climate- Health

22. Infectious Diseases
 Jaundice ( Infectious Hepatitis)
 Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya
 Typhoid
 H1N1
 Bacillary/ Amoebic Dysentery
 Bronchial Asthma, Acute & Chronic Bronchitis
 Pneumonia
 Leptospirosis

23. Direct & Indirect Effects
Climate & Weather changes cause-
 Direct effects which are mainly
Physiological
 The indirect effects of Weather due to
irresponsible Social Behaviour & Public
Health Negligence – Result into
Infectious Diseases & their Epidemics