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Sleep Needs/Cycle
 Landon Howard
Sleep Cycle
 Part of the cycle of sleep and waking.
 Circadian Rhythm: naturally
  occurring 24-hr cycle.
 Rest-activity of actually 25.1 hours.
     Stay up longer, sleep in less.
   Electrical activity in the brain
     Higher-frequency when awake
     Lower-frequency when relaxed
Sleep Stages
 Stage 1: Drifting into sleep. “Trying”
  to sleep.
 Stage 2: Light Sleep. Lose
  awareness.
 Stage 3: Starting to fall into Deep
  Sleep.
 Stage 4: Deep Sleep.
 REM Stage: Rapid Eye Movement.
  Dreaming.
EEG Patterns
   Electroencephalograph (Measures
    electrical impulses produced by the
    brain’s activity)
Sleep Needs
 Varies depending on the age group.
 Sleep helps with learning.
 Sleep Deprivation.
Test Question
   T/F: It is healthy for the average adult
    to only get 5 hours of sleep a night.
Insomnia
 Difficulty   falling asleep or staying
  asleep
 15% of adults complain of severe insomnia
 15% report mild or occasional insomnia
 Causes for insomnia include: anxiety, stress,
  emotional difficulties
 Some things to help with insomnia are better
  sleep habits, using relaxation techniques
 One solution to help insomnia is give up the
  pursuit of sleep and find something to do
 Sedatives such as sleeping pills can be helpful
  but they can be addicting and people become
  dependent on them
 Sleeping pills can also interfere with your normal
  sleep cycle and have side effects such as
  grogginess and irritability
Sleep Apnea
   Disorder in which the person stops
    breathing for brief periods while asleep
   Person with apnea usually snores, as apnea
    involves an involuntary obstruction of the
    breathing passage
   When apnea occurs over 10 seconds at a time a
    person may awaken and have sleep loss or
    insomnia
   Sleep apnea most often occurs in middle-aged
    men who are overweight
   Sleep apnea can go undiagnosed because it is
    not easy for a sleeper to notice
   To detect sleep apnea usually the sleeper’s bed
    partner will get tired of the snoring and awaken
    the sleeper
   Some cures for sleep apnea are weight loss,
    drugs, or surgery
Somnambulism
   When a person arises and walks around
    while sleeping, also known as
    sleepwalking
 Sleepwalking is more common in children
  around the ages of 11 or 12, with as many
  as 25% experiencing at least one episode
 Sleepwalking tends to happen early in the
  night, usually in slow-wave sleep.
  Sleepwalkers may awaken during their
  walk or return to bed without waking, in
  which case they won’t remember anything
  in the morning
 Sleepwalkers can hurt themselves by
  tripping over furniture or falling down the
  stairs
 Contrary to popular belief it is safe to
Narcolepsy
   Disorder in which sudden sleep
    attacks occur in the middle of waking
    activities
 Narcolepsy involves the intrusion of a
  dreaming state of sleep (REM) into
  waking and it often accompanied by
  excessive sleepiness and incontrollable
  sleep attacks lasting from 30 seconds
  to 30 minutes
 Narcolepsy is a less common sleep
  disorder
 The disorder appears to have a genetic
  basis, as it runs in families
 Narcolepsy can be treated with
  medication
Sleep Paralysis
   The experience of waking up unable
    to move or speak for a few minutes
 This eerie feeling only lasts for a few
  moments and may occur with an
  experience of pressure on the chest
 Is sometimes associated with
  narcolepsy
Night Terrors
   Abrupt awakenings with panic and
    intense emotional arousal
 Mostly occurs with boys ages 3 to 7
 Night terrors usually doesn’t have dream
  content the sleeper can report
 Night terrors usually occur within the first
  few hours of sleep, whereas nightmares
  occur towards the end of the night or
  early morning hours
 Night terrors occur during non-REM sleep
  and nightmares occur during the REM of
  sleep
Test Question
   What is the sleep disorder in which
    sudden sleep attacks occur in the
    middle of wakening activities?
Dreams
By Celeste Madsen
The Mind
 dreams are a result of activities
  taking place in the brain.
 Scientist have found that the brain
  gives off electromagnetic waves
  while you dream.
 During the period while the
  electromagnetic waves are fast your
  eyes are moving rapidly
 Sometimes while dreaming you
  cannot move your body, this period is
  called REM
Mind
   Scientist believe that dreaming sleep
    has a role in restoring the brain's
    ability to handle such tasks as
    focused attention, memory, and
    learning. Also a person's hidden
    feelings often surface in dreams
Brain Waves:
Tips to avoid nightmares
and to get a good nights
sleep:
 Sleep schedule
 Avoid caffeine
 Exercise
 Don’t lie awake in bed
 Control temperature
what you can do?
 Before you go to bed: write down the
  date and what events happened that
  day (journal)
 If you wake up in the middle of the
  night: try to recall if you had any
  dreams and write them down
 When you wake up in the morning:
  write down how many hours you
  slept, and if you are still tired or if
  you feel well rested, and try and
  recall any dreams that you had
Dream Questions:
 Do your dreams relate to what you
  did the day before?
 As you start writing down your
  dreams do they become able to
  recall?
“dreaming permits each and every one of
us to be quietly and safely insane every
night of our lives.” –William C. Dement
 Sometimes known as the “father of
  sleep medicine”
 Is a US sleep researcher
 Founded the worlds first sleep
  laboratory which is found at Stanford
  university
 Studies sleep deprivation and
  treatment of sleep disorders.
The five characteristics of
dream consciousness
 1. Feel emotion (fear, happiness,
  love)
 2. be in one place and then in another
  with out any travel
 3. still have sensation (vision)
 4. uncritical acceptance (normal)
 5.difficulty remembering
Nightmares
 An average college student has about
  24 nightmares a year.
 Some people have nightmares as
  often as once a night
 Children have more nightmares than
  adults
 People who have experienced
  traumatic events are more likely to
  have nightmares than people that
  don’t
Dreams
 “Day residue”- where a current
  problem pops into the dream
 Dreams pull images from your
  everyday life to make them seem
  more surreal, and also images from
  your past.
Dream Theories
 In the first psychological theory of
  dreams Sigmund Freud he proposed
  that dreams were confusing and
  obscure because the dynamic
  unconscious creates them to be.
 In his theory's dreams represent
  wishes and some only express them
  in disguised form.
example
 For Freud's theory in the book it
  gives an example on page 250:
 A dream about a tree burning down in
  the park across the street from where
  a friend once lived might represent a
  camouflaged wish for the death of
  the friend. Though wishing for the
  death of a friend is unacceptable, so
  it is disguised as a tree on fire.
   Not all dreams represent hidden
    wishes, but some are suppressed
    thoughts and some are feeling that
    you may have been hiding or
    sometimes feelings that you did not
    necessarily have.
Activations Synthesis
Model
This is the theory that dreams are
produced when the mind attempts to
make sense of random neural activity
that occurs in the brain during sleep.
Different types of
dreaming
   Day dreaming: you are awake, may be
    when bored or tired
   Lucid dreaming: when you realize you are
    dreaming and can change the dream to
    what you like
   Recurring dreams: when you get the
    same dream many different times
   Prophetic dreams: dreams that happen in
    real life, that tell the future
   Signal dreams:
   Epic dreams: when you wake up you feel
    like you have realized something, also
    known as life changing dreams
   Progressive dreams: help you face a fear
    or problem
   Mutual dreams: when you and someone
    else have the same dream
Dreams Meaning:
 Running away from something or
  someone: you need to face
  something.. Try turning around and
  asking them why they are chasing
  you.
 Falling: you are afraid of something
  and are afraid of failing, or paranoid.
 Teeth falling out: you are self
  conscious, afraid of what someone
  might think of you

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Sleep presentation

  • 2. Sleep Cycle  Part of the cycle of sleep and waking.  Circadian Rhythm: naturally occurring 24-hr cycle.  Rest-activity of actually 25.1 hours.  Stay up longer, sleep in less.  Electrical activity in the brain  Higher-frequency when awake  Lower-frequency when relaxed
  • 3. Sleep Stages  Stage 1: Drifting into sleep. “Trying” to sleep.  Stage 2: Light Sleep. Lose awareness.  Stage 3: Starting to fall into Deep Sleep.  Stage 4: Deep Sleep.  REM Stage: Rapid Eye Movement. Dreaming.
  • 4. EEG Patterns  Electroencephalograph (Measures electrical impulses produced by the brain’s activity)
  • 5. Sleep Needs  Varies depending on the age group.  Sleep helps with learning.  Sleep Deprivation.
  • 6. Test Question  T/F: It is healthy for the average adult to only get 5 hours of sleep a night.
  • 7.
  • 8. Insomnia  Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep
  • 9.  15% of adults complain of severe insomnia  15% report mild or occasional insomnia  Causes for insomnia include: anxiety, stress, emotional difficulties  Some things to help with insomnia are better sleep habits, using relaxation techniques  One solution to help insomnia is give up the pursuit of sleep and find something to do  Sedatives such as sleeping pills can be helpful but they can be addicting and people become dependent on them  Sleeping pills can also interfere with your normal sleep cycle and have side effects such as grogginess and irritability
  • 10. Sleep Apnea  Disorder in which the person stops breathing for brief periods while asleep
  • 11. Person with apnea usually snores, as apnea involves an involuntary obstruction of the breathing passage  When apnea occurs over 10 seconds at a time a person may awaken and have sleep loss or insomnia  Sleep apnea most often occurs in middle-aged men who are overweight  Sleep apnea can go undiagnosed because it is not easy for a sleeper to notice  To detect sleep apnea usually the sleeper’s bed partner will get tired of the snoring and awaken the sleeper  Some cures for sleep apnea are weight loss, drugs, or surgery
  • 12. Somnambulism  When a person arises and walks around while sleeping, also known as sleepwalking
  • 13.  Sleepwalking is more common in children around the ages of 11 or 12, with as many as 25% experiencing at least one episode  Sleepwalking tends to happen early in the night, usually in slow-wave sleep. Sleepwalkers may awaken during their walk or return to bed without waking, in which case they won’t remember anything in the morning  Sleepwalkers can hurt themselves by tripping over furniture or falling down the stairs  Contrary to popular belief it is safe to
  • 14. Narcolepsy  Disorder in which sudden sleep attacks occur in the middle of waking activities
  • 15.  Narcolepsy involves the intrusion of a dreaming state of sleep (REM) into waking and it often accompanied by excessive sleepiness and incontrollable sleep attacks lasting from 30 seconds to 30 minutes  Narcolepsy is a less common sleep disorder  The disorder appears to have a genetic basis, as it runs in families  Narcolepsy can be treated with medication
  • 16. Sleep Paralysis  The experience of waking up unable to move or speak for a few minutes
  • 17.  This eerie feeling only lasts for a few moments and may occur with an experience of pressure on the chest  Is sometimes associated with narcolepsy
  • 18. Night Terrors  Abrupt awakenings with panic and intense emotional arousal
  • 19.  Mostly occurs with boys ages 3 to 7  Night terrors usually doesn’t have dream content the sleeper can report  Night terrors usually occur within the first few hours of sleep, whereas nightmares occur towards the end of the night or early morning hours  Night terrors occur during non-REM sleep and nightmares occur during the REM of sleep
  • 20. Test Question  What is the sleep disorder in which sudden sleep attacks occur in the middle of wakening activities?
  • 22. The Mind  dreams are a result of activities taking place in the brain.  Scientist have found that the brain gives off electromagnetic waves while you dream.  During the period while the electromagnetic waves are fast your eyes are moving rapidly  Sometimes while dreaming you cannot move your body, this period is called REM
  • 23. Mind  Scientist believe that dreaming sleep has a role in restoring the brain's ability to handle such tasks as focused attention, memory, and learning. Also a person's hidden feelings often surface in dreams
  • 25. Tips to avoid nightmares and to get a good nights sleep:  Sleep schedule  Avoid caffeine  Exercise  Don’t lie awake in bed  Control temperature
  • 26. what you can do?  Before you go to bed: write down the date and what events happened that day (journal)  If you wake up in the middle of the night: try to recall if you had any dreams and write them down  When you wake up in the morning: write down how many hours you slept, and if you are still tired or if you feel well rested, and try and recall any dreams that you had
  • 27. Dream Questions:  Do your dreams relate to what you did the day before?  As you start writing down your dreams do they become able to recall?
  • 28. “dreaming permits each and every one of us to be quietly and safely insane every night of our lives.” –William C. Dement  Sometimes known as the “father of sleep medicine”  Is a US sleep researcher  Founded the worlds first sleep laboratory which is found at Stanford university  Studies sleep deprivation and treatment of sleep disorders.
  • 29. The five characteristics of dream consciousness  1. Feel emotion (fear, happiness, love)  2. be in one place and then in another with out any travel  3. still have sensation (vision)  4. uncritical acceptance (normal)  5.difficulty remembering
  • 30. Nightmares  An average college student has about 24 nightmares a year.  Some people have nightmares as often as once a night  Children have more nightmares than adults  People who have experienced traumatic events are more likely to have nightmares than people that don’t
  • 31. Dreams  “Day residue”- where a current problem pops into the dream  Dreams pull images from your everyday life to make them seem more surreal, and also images from your past.
  • 32. Dream Theories  In the first psychological theory of dreams Sigmund Freud he proposed that dreams were confusing and obscure because the dynamic unconscious creates them to be.  In his theory's dreams represent wishes and some only express them in disguised form.
  • 33. example  For Freud's theory in the book it gives an example on page 250:  A dream about a tree burning down in the park across the street from where a friend once lived might represent a camouflaged wish for the death of the friend. Though wishing for the death of a friend is unacceptable, so it is disguised as a tree on fire.
  • 34. Not all dreams represent hidden wishes, but some are suppressed thoughts and some are feeling that you may have been hiding or sometimes feelings that you did not necessarily have.
  • 35. Activations Synthesis Model This is the theory that dreams are produced when the mind attempts to make sense of random neural activity that occurs in the brain during sleep.
  • 36. Different types of dreaming  Day dreaming: you are awake, may be when bored or tired  Lucid dreaming: when you realize you are dreaming and can change the dream to what you like  Recurring dreams: when you get the same dream many different times  Prophetic dreams: dreams that happen in real life, that tell the future  Signal dreams:  Epic dreams: when you wake up you feel like you have realized something, also known as life changing dreams  Progressive dreams: help you face a fear or problem  Mutual dreams: when you and someone else have the same dream
  • 37. Dreams Meaning:  Running away from something or someone: you need to face something.. Try turning around and asking them why they are chasing you.  Falling: you are afraid of something and are afraid of failing, or paranoid.  Teeth falling out: you are self conscious, afraid of what someone might think of you