2. BBAASSIICC XX--RRAAYY PPHHYYSSIICCSS
• X-rays: a form of electromagnetic energy
• Travel at the speed of light
• Electromagnetic spectrum
• Gamma Rays XX--rraayyss
• Visible light Infrared light
• Microwaves Radar
• Radio waves
3. THREE THINGS CCAANN HHAAPPPPEENN WWHHEENN XX--RRAAYY PPAASSSSEESS::
• X-rays can:
• Pass all the way through the body
• Be deflected or scattered
• Be absorbed
4. 4
• RRAADDIIOOLLUUSSCCEENNTT-- The capability of a substance with a relatively small atomic
number to let a large amount of x-rays pass through it, thus producing
darkened images on x-ray films.
10/11/14
RADIOOPAQUE
RADIOLUSCENT
• RRAADDIIOOOOPPAACCIITTYY--The capability of a substance to hinder or completely stop
the passage of x-rays, display as white/light areas on an exposed x-ray film.
13. HHiippppoozzaaeenniinnuumm::
Papules and ulcerations in frontal sinuses.
AALLLLEENN HH.. CC..,, TThhee MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa ooff SSoommee IImmppoorrttaanntt NNoossooddeess
EEuuccaallyyppttuuss gglloobbuulluuss
The ethmoid and frontal sinuses may be involved, there is
pain above the eyes and over the nose, and pressure over
the region of the ethmoid sinus produces severe pain.
It is also of service when these conditions have become
chronic and the discharge from the sinuses and nares is
purulent and fetid in character.
AANNSSHHUUTTZZ EE.. PP..,, NNeeww OOlldd aanndd FFoorrggootttteenn RReemmeeddiieess
14. Congestions of the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses, also
hay fever, have been markedly alleviated by warm
spray of Adrenalin chloride
BOERICKE W., Pocket MMaannuuaall ooff HHoommeeooppaatthhiicc MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
AAddrreennaalliinnuumm
CCoocchhlleeaarriiaa aarrmmoorraacciiaa
Dull pain in frontal sinus.
Sore, uneasy feeling in frontal sinus.
HHEERRIINNGG CC..,, GGuuiiddiinngg SSyymmppttoommss ooff oouurr MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
37. AAnnttiimmoonniiuumm ssuullpphhuurraattuumm aauurraattuumm
Increased mucous secretion, with fulness in the bronchi, and
full, hard breathing.
Accumulation of tough mucus in the bronchi and larynx.
Fulness in the bronchi.
Bronchi feel full, with difficult respiration.
Pressure and constriction in the bronchial tubes.
AALLLLEENN TT.. FF..,, EEnnccyyccllooppeeddiiaa ooff PPuurree MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
38. CChhlloorruumm::
Inflammation of the air-passages and lungs.
Inflammation of the bronchial mucous membrane.
Phlegmonous inflammation of the bronchial
membranes.
Bronchial catarrh, very common.
AALLLLEENN TT.. FF..,, EEnnccyyccllooppeeddiiaa ooff PPuurree MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
39. AAssttaaccuuss fflluuvviiaattiilliiss
Much hawking of mucus,
Accumulation of mucus in the bronchi and larynx, which
seemed to be adherent.
Oppression and difficult breathing in the bronchial tubes
Cough in the morning, with expectoration of bronchial
mucus, which was light yellow, through the day, with
rawness of the chest
AALLLLEENN TT.. FF..,, EEnnccyyccllooppeeddiiaa ooff PPuurree MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
43. AATTEELLEECCTTAASSIISS
Loss of air
Obstructive atelectasis:
No ventilation to the lobe beyond obstruction.
RRaaddiioollooggiiccaallllyy::
Density corresponding to a segment or lobe Significant loss of
volume Compensatory hyperinflation of normal lungs.
46. SSttrryycchhnniinnuumm pphhoosspphhoorriiccuumm
Atelectasis and break in the compensation of a
hypertrophied heart; the beginning of fatty
degeneration of the heart muscle. (Royal).
BOERICKE W., Pocket Manual of Homeopathic Materia Medica
48. Antimonium tartaricum
• ¤¤ Atelectasis, with symptoms of asphyxia belonging to
remedy; with oedema of unhepatized portions of lungs;
breathing labored, orthopnoea; mucous râles.
-HERING C., Guiding Symptoms of our Materia Medica
54. HHiippppoozzaaeenniinnuumm
Tubercles, size of millet seed to a pea, of a grey, yellowish, or reddish
colour.
AALLLLEENN HH.. CC..,, TThhee MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa ooff SSoommee IImmppoorrttaanntt NNoossooddeess..
CCuubbeebbaa ooffffiicciinnaalliiss
Sensation as if there were a miliary eruption in the bronchi and on
the lungs.
AALLLLEENN TT.. FF..,, EEnnccyyccllooppeeddiiaa ooff PPuurree MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
55. SSeenneecciioo aauurreeuuss::
The phthisis may go on as catarrh of the chest for
years, but at last a miliary tuberculosis sets in and
takes the patient off with what is known as acute
consumption.
KKEENNTT JJ.. TT..,, LLeeccttuurreess oonn HHoommeeooppaatthhiicc MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
56. Silicea terra
Dry, teasing cough with hoarseness,
threatening tuberculosis of the larynx, peculiar
cracked voice from thickening of the
laryngeal mucous membrane or tubercular
involvement; soreness of the chest threatening
miliary tuberculosis, with aggravation from
cold and amelioration from warm drinks.
KKEENNTT JJ.. TT..,, LLeeccttuurreess oonn HHoommeeooppaatthhiicc MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
62. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM - Lungs -
Stages of pneumonia – Consolidation:
ant-t. Bry. Iod. kali-i. kali-m. Phos. sang. sulph.
BBooeerriicckkee RReeppeerrttoorryy
Plumbum Metallicum:
Consolidation in apices of lungs, with little cough, scarcely
any rising of left upper chest on inspiration, respiration
harsh, almost bronchial.
AALLLLEENN TT.. FF.., HHaanndd BBooookk ooff MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa aanndd HHoommooeeooppaatthhiicc TThheerraappeeuuttiiccss
63. Ipecacuanha
Dyce Duckworth especially noted intense hyperaemia of
the lungs, which were in some places emphysematous,
but in other portions collapsed and even affected with
true consolidation.
BURT W. HH.., PPhhyyssiioollooggiiccaall MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
Stannum iodatum
Consolidation areas in middle of right lung.
CCLLAARRKKEE JJ.. HH.., DDiiccttiioonnaarryy ooff PPrraaccttiiccaall MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
65. HHeeppaarr ssuullpphhuurr
Right side of chest, , arched like aa bbaarrrreell ffrroomm aaxxiillllaa
downwards; intercostal spaces prominent, motionless during
respiration; dull sound to percussion; entire absence of
respiratory sounds and vocal fremitus; dull sound on
percussion over large surface at base of heart; heart's
sounds and impulse diminished. Ð pleuritis with plastic
exudation.
HHEERRIINNGG CC.., GGuuiiddiinngg SSyymmppttoommss ooff oouurr MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
75. Adonis vernalis
Adonis has recently assisted in establishing a compensatory
hypertrophy in two cases, one of aortic stenosis and the other of mitral
regurgitation. The symptoms were oedema of the lower extremities,
great dyspnoea, scanty urine and irregular pulse.
BLACKWOOD AA.. LL.., DDiisseeaasseess ooff tthhee HHeeaarrtt
Convallaria majalis
Convallaria majalis is indicated when the right side of the heart is
involved, as the result of obstruction to the pulmonary circulation.
BBLLAACCKKWWOOOODD AA.. LL.., DDiisseeaasseess ooff tthhee HHeeaarrtt
76. Lycopus Virginicus
Lycopus Virginicus has been of service in several cases of
failing compensatory hypertrophy. One case especially
was that of a man seventy years old who was addicted to
the use of tobacco and had used a great deal of alcohol.
There was an endocardial murmur, and rapid dilatation of
the heart was taking place. A cough with haemoptysis
was present, and the heart's action was quick, irregular
and feeble.
BLACKWOOD AA.. LL.., DDiisseeaasseess ooff tthhee HHeeaarrtt
77. Naja tripudians
Naja tripudians has rendered valuable service when there
was present an annoying sympathetic cough with
exaggerated heart action. The heart is increases in size and
there are organic changes of the valves. There is dyspnoea
and prostration with marked pain about the heart and
general anasarca.
BLACKWOOD AA.. LL.., DDiisseeaasseess ooff tthhee HHeeaarrtt
85. HYPOCHONDRIA - Gall stones and colic:
Ars. bell. CALC. card-m. Chel. CHIN. Coloc. hep. lach. lyc. MAG-M.
MERC-D. NAT-S. Nux-v. PODO. sil. SULPH. Ter. Verat.
Boger Boeninghausen cchhaarraacctteerriissttiicc RReeppeerrttoorryy
Chelidonium majus
Gall-stones, with pain under the right shoulder-blade (terrible
attacks of gall-stone colic).
AALLLLEENN HH.. CC..,, KKeeyynnootteess aanndd CChhaarraacctteerriissttiiccss wwiitthh CCoommppaarriissoonnss
86. Cholesterinum
Swan appears to have taken his hint from Burnett's work and
potentized the remedy, using a gall-stone for his preparations.
Like many of the rest of the nosodes originally introduced by
Swan, the work was necessarily empirical, yet he affirms after
much experience that it is "almost a specific for gall-stone colic;
relieves the distress at once".
ALLEN H. C., The Materia Medica of Some Important Nosodes
Carduus marianus
There are severe stitches in the right side, connected with
hepatic disease, such as jaundice or gall-stones.
BLACKWOOD A. L., Diseases of tthhee LLiivveerr,, PPaannccrreeaass aanndd DDuuccttlleessss GGllaannddss
97. Plumbum palliates in cancer of colon and may cure
intussception by relieving the spasm.
RRAASSTTOOGGII DD.. PP..,, HHoommeeooppaatthhiicc GGeemmss
Plumbum metallicum:
101. X-ray:
Drawing gnawing in region of appendix, as though
inflammation were beginning.
ALLEN H. C., The Materia MMeeddiiccaa ooff SSoommee IImmppoorrttaanntt NNoossooddeess
Echinacea angustifolia
Acts on vermiform appendix thus has been used for
appendicitis, but remember it promotes suppuration and a
neglected appendicitis with pus formation would probably
rupture sooner under its use.
BBOOEERRIICCKKEE WW..,, PPoocckkeett MMaannuuaall ooff HHoommeeooppaatthhiicc MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
102. Mercurialis perennis
Tumor at ensiform appendix, very sensitive.
BOERICKE W., Pocket Manual of Homeopathic Materia Medica
Scrophularia nodosa
Appendicitis as a local remedy.
CLARKE J. H., Dictionary ooff PPrraaccttiiccaall MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa
108. Thiosinaminum
Bony spur that has developed for the past year (joint on
big toe, right) has gone - cured symptom.
GGRRIINNNNEEYY TT..,, AA PPrroovviinngg ooff TThhiioossiinnaammiinnee
Notas do Editor
The lobar architecture of the left lung is slightly different than the right. Because there is no defined left minor fissure, there are only two lobes on the left; left upper
The lobar architecture of the left lung is slightly different than the right. Because there is no defined left minor fissure, there are only two lobes on the left; left upper
Atelectasis: Atelectasis means loss of air. In absorptive Atelectasis there is an obstructive lesion on the bronchus. There is no ventilation to the lobe beyond the obstruction. Gradually the air gets absorbed by pulmonary circulation. The involved lobe eventually is devoid of air and becomes atelectatic.
Radiologic criteria for absorptive Atelectasis is
1. a density corresponding to a segment or lobe,
2. significant signs of loss of volume, and
3. compensatory hyperinflation of normal lungs.