2. Training ElEmEnTs
• Handout: Regulatory Text
• Epidemiology and symptoms of bloodborne
diseases
• Modes of transmission
• Handout: Employer's Exposure Control Plan
• Exposure Reduction Methods
• Types, proper use, location, removal, handling,
decontamination and disposal of personal
protective equipment
• Hepatitis B vaccine Protocol
• Exposure Incident Procedure; Follow-up, Post
Exposure
• Signs & Labels
3. Bloodborne Pathogens Definintion
• Blood means human blood,
human blood components, and
products made from human
blood.
• Bloodborne Pathogens
means pathogenic
microorganisms that are
present in human blood and
can cause disease in humans.
These pathogens include, but
are not limited to, hepatitis B
virus (HBV) and human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
4. Compliance Methods
• Use Universal
precautions at all times in
the prevention of contact
with blood or other bodily
fluids.
• All body fluids shall be
considered potentially
infectious materials.
• For shielding; Use gloves,
gown, eye protection and
mask
6. Epidemiology & Symptoms
Hepatitis B
1. Most serious form of viral
hepatitis
2. Contracted by needle sticks
or contaminated
sharps injuries
3. Symptoms; Headache,
malaise, loss of appetite,
nausea, occasional
vomiting, moderate fever,
chills, dark urine, light or
clay colored stool,
Icterus (yellowing of the
sclera - "whites of
the eyes")
7. Epidemiology & Symptoms
Hepatitis C
1. Spread predominantly through exposure to
blood
2. Most common cause of post-transfusion
hepatitis
3. Causes; inadvertent needle sticks or sharps
injuries
4. Symptoms; Chronic liver disease chronic
active hepatitis increased risk of cirrhosis
and liver cancer
8. Epidemiology & Symptoms
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIFIENCY VIRUS
1. Etiologic agent of AIDS
2. Causes; spread through exposure to
blood, transplacental, or via sexual
contact.
3. Symptoms; Fever, sweats, malaise,
muscle pains, loss of appetite, nausea,
diarrhea, and sore throat
9. • Identify employees
• Train employees who are at risk
• Adhere to "Universal Precautions"
• Engineering and work practice controls
• Personal protective equipment
• Housekeeping issues
• Hepatitis B vaccine
• Exposure Procedures
10. • Types; Gloves, face mask, eye protector,
gown
• Proper use; Apply equipment as directed
• Location; Nurses Station
• Removal; Remove and discard into Red
Biohazard bag in Dirty Utility Room
• Ensure effective hand washing after
infected material has been disposed
11. Hepatitis B Vaccine Protocol
– Must be provided
at no cost to at-risk
personnel
– 85% to 97%
effective
– If personnel
declines upon
hiring, employer
must provide upon
request
12. Exposure Procedures
• Document what happened
• Identify and test the source individual if
feasible
• Test the exposed person's blood, if
consent is obtained
• Provide counseling
• Evaluate any reported illness
13. Warning Labels
• Affixed to containers of
regulated waste,
refrigerators and freezers
• Contains blood or other
potentially infectious
material
• Pertains to storage,
transportation or shipping
blood or infectious
materials
14. References
United States Department of Labor. Bloodborne
Pathogens (Publication No.1910.1030)
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Labor.
Retrieved October 22, 2011 from http://www.
osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_
document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10051
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SYMPTOMS OF BLOODBORNE
DISEASES. Retrieved October 22, 2011 from
http://www2.fpm.wisc.edu/bbp/epid.htm
Magnussen, N. (1997, August 2). Bloodborne
Pathogens. Retrieved October 22, 2011
from http://safety.science.tamu.edu/
bloodborne .html
