1. Clause I. Definition: A group of words that contains a subject and a verb

2. II. There are two kinds of clauses: A. Independent (IC) and B. Dependent (Subordinate) (DC)

3. A. Independent A clause that expresses a complete thought and can stand alone. A SENTENCE

4. Examples of Independent Clauses: *he memorized a poem last night * Mary will read her poem *many people enjoy poetry

5. When an independent clause (IC) starts with a capital letter and ends with a period or question mark, it is a SENTENCE. *He memorized a poem. *Mary will read her poem at school . *Many people enjoy poetry.

6. B. Subordinate (or dependent) clause (DC) It does not express a complete thought and It cannot stand by itself as a sentence

7. Examples of Dependent or Subordinate Clauses *because he memorized a poem *when Mary reads her poem at school *since many people enjoy poetry

8. . III. A. A dependent/subordinate clause (DC) will be a FRAGMENT when the clause begins with a capital letter and ends with a period or question mark. This is a grammatical ERROR! * Because he memorized a poem. *When Mary reads her poem at school tomorrow. *Since many people enjoy poetry.

9. What makes one clause independent and another dependent? ... because he memorized a poem… He memorized a poem.

10. … when Mary read her poem at school... Mary read her poem at school.

13. D. A dependent/subordinate clause (DC) needs an independent clause (IC) to create a true sentence.

14. Because he memorized a poem , Mike will receive extra credit. Mike will receive extra credit because he memorized a poem.

15. When Mary reads her poem at school, we will applaud. We will applaud when Mary reads her poem at school.

17. F. Punctuation: When the dependent clause (DC) comes last , there is generally no comma. The game will begin when the rain stops.