Presentation to describe different type of locomotion in Protozoans and animals

1. Muscular and Non-Muscular Movements
MOVEMENTS IN ANIMALS

2. Muscular Movements
 AMOEBOID MOVEMENTS and
PSEUDOPODIA the false foot
 FLAGELLARY MOVEMENT and Flagella the
small whips
 CILLIARY MOVEMENT and cilia the
eyelashes
 FLEXING

3. Cells Exhibiting Amoeboid
Movement
 Amoeba proteus, Entamoeba
histolytica, Embryonic Tissues, Growing
Tissue Culture Cells, Leucocytes, etc
 Movements within the cell..Cyclosis

4. Mechanism of Amoeboid Movement
 Pseudopodium attaches with substratum
 PM slides over the underlying layer of
Cytoplasm like bulldozer
 Actin and myosin role
 Ectoplasm to endoplasm modifications
 Jell and Sol Theory

5. FLAGELLARY MOVEMENT
 Trypanosoma gambiens,
 Choanoflagellates,
 Trichonypha etc.

6. Mechanism of Cilliary Movement
 Cilia- Effective Stroke and Recovery Stroke
 5/9 and 4/9 microtubules
 ATPase
 Pellicle
 Neuroneme
 Trichocysts

7. Cells Exhibiting Ciliary
Movement
 Paramecium caudatum, P. aurilia etc
 Vorticella spp
 Stentor spp
 Cells in Vasdeferens
 Cells in Fallopian Tube

8. Ciliary and Muscular Movement
Coexistence
 Platyhelminthes eg. Planarians,
 Nemertines
 Wo Jhoot bol rha tha barray sleeqay say
 The evolution must have taken place from
ciliary to Muscular locomotion?????

9. Flexing
 Contraction of cell
 Apicomplexans e.g. Plasmodium spp

10. Muscular Movement
 What is muscle?
 Muscle>muscle bundle>muscle
fiber>myofibril= thick + thin filaments

11. Classification of Muscle
 Smooth Muscle: Non striated, dumble,
involuntary
 Skeletal Muscle: Striated, unbranched,
voluntary
 Cardiac Muscle: Striated, branched,
involuntary

12. Questions????
Thanks