The document discusses motivation and goal setting theories. It summarizes Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which posits that people are motivated to fulfill basic physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Once a lower level need is met, the next higher level need emerges. It also discusses other motivation theories like expectancy theory and goal setting theory. The document provides strategies for setting goals and achieving motivation, including making goals specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound.

1. MOTIVATION
Dr.L.Mishra
M.Sc,M.A(Eco,Eng),M.Ed,NET,Ph.D D.Litt
PGDDE,PGDHE,PGDEA Dip-in-Bengalee

2. What is Motivation
• Willingness to exert high levels of effort toward
organizational goals
• • Conditioned by the effort’s ability to satisfy
some individual need Motivation
• • Thorndike’s (1911) Law of Effort – where past
action led to positive consequences, or rewards,
individuals will tend to repeat such actions; where
past actions led to negative consequences or
punishments individuals would tend to avoid
repeating them. • H
• Hull (1943) • Effort = Drive x Habit x Incentive

3. • An inferred process within an animal or an
individual that causes that organism to move
towards a goal

4. Theories of Motivation
Needs theories Process theories
• Maslow’s hierarchy • Expectancy Theory
of needs • Goal Setting Theory
• Herzberg’s two
factor theory

5. Maslow’s Theory
“We each have a hierarchy of needs that ranges
from "lower" to "higher." As lower needs are
fulfilled there is a tendency for other, higher
needs to emerge.”

6. Maslow’s Theory
Maslow’s theory maintains that a person does
not feel a higher need until the needs of the
current level have been satisfied. Maslow's
basic needs are as follows:

7. Motivational cycle
Need, Drive
Relief
Instrumental
Goal

8. Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs
Self
-Actualization
Esteem needs
Belongingness & love needs
Safety needs
Physiological needs:

9. Basic Human Needs
• Food
• Air
• Water
• Clothing
• Sex
Physiological Needs

10. Safety and Security
 Protection
 Stability
 Pain Avoidance
 Routine/Order
Safety Needs

11. Love and Belonging
 Affection
 Acceptance
Social Needs  Inclusion

12. Esteem
Esteem Needs  Self-Respect
 Self-Esteem
 Respected by Others

13. Self-Actualization
 Achieve full potential
 Fulfillment

14. Meeting Needs in the Classroom
As educators, it is our responsibility to
meet the five basic levels of needs in the
classroom. Implementation strategies
include:

15. Implementing in the Classroom
Self- Provide challenges
Actualization Encourage autonomy
Esteem Feedback
Acknowledge success
Social Introductions
Interact with students
Inclusive activities
Safety Maintain a safe and non-threatening atmosphere
Create a comfortable environment
Physiological Room temperature
Pacing/Breaks

16. Summary Self-Actualization
Esteem
Belonging
Safety
Physiological

17. Physiological needs
Hunger, thirst etc.,
Safety needs
To feel secure & safe, out of danger
Belongingness & love needs
Affiliate with others, be accepted & belong
Esteem needs
To achieve, be component, gain approval and
belong
Self-actualization needs
Self fulfillment & realize one’s potential

18. If we fulfill our needs at one level,
then we can focus on satisfying the
need on the next higher level

19. Self actualized characteristics
Perceive reality accurately
Tolerate uncertainty
Accept oneself without guilt or anxiety
Solve problems effectively
Possess a strong social awareness
Develop meaningful interpersonal
relationships
Relatively independent of environment
& culture

20. Self motivation
• Do it now
• Break up the task into small steps
• Don’t wait for mood or inspiration
• Start action
• Solutions will follow if you try

21. Motivational strategies
 Find new skills
 Develop & train them
 Get feedback on their performance
 Expand their ability to work
 Rotate their work

22. Motivational techniques
Leads them
Real examples are quicker than advice
Way to influencing people
Appeal to benefits
Can motivate
Mutual benefits to both of you
Appeal to emotions
People act quickly to emotions
Positive manner
Sustained by repeated inputs
Appeal to needs & wants
basic needs satisfaction
Creative expression, recognition & challenges & love
Appeal to expertise
Abilities enhance his self-worth
Put best effort to seek approval

23. How to achieve success
Responsibility –not blaming anything
Hard work – ready to work in any time
Character – values, beliefs & personality of you
Right time- ready to do at right time
Persistence- failing also a step to success
Creativity – excellence of his effort
Commitment – winning edge
Learning - life long process
Planning - exact

24. Goal-Setting
Goals are desired result, purpose, or objective
that one strives to attain
Goals are:
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Relevant/Realistic
Time-Oriented
Tangible

25. Types of Goals
Short-term
A goal that can be achieved in a relative
short period of time
Ex: To complete the course
Long-term
A goal that takes a long period of time to
achieve
Ex: Great success in career

26. Goal setting and analysis
Identify the goal – List all your dreams
Prepare a goal statement – Read one hour per day
Check your goals harms the interest of anybody
Goal is personal, positive, practical, flexiable, time
bound and measurable
Identify anybody has already achieved success
Focus on your most successful moments in life
Identify the internal and external obstacles in
achieving each goal
Con’t

27. Focus on your most successful moments in life
Identify the qualities and behaviour required
to reach each goal
Identify the resources, people, materials and
institutions help you in achieving goal
Prepare a step plan to reach goal
Start implementing the plan of action
Review the progress
Analyse the reasons
Start behaving and acting as if you have already
achieved your goals

28. Steps to achieving your goals
Your self in OK state
Really tapping into what really you want
Goal does not depend anyone to achieve it
Stand in accomplishment - step into time
If anything would make this more make it now
Think the significant people in your life
Realisation of this goal – to a higher goal
Imagine yourself having achieved the goal
Imagine what you want it to be
Willing to commit & to do.
Now do it