2. BEHAVIORISM
• The prediction and control of human behavior in
which introspection and/or independent thinking
play no essential part of its teaching methods.
• A psychological approach that states that behavior
can be scientifically understood without reference
to one's mental states.
3. KEY POINTS OF BEHAVIORISM
• Change in behavior is a result of
experience (learning)
• The parsimony principal states that
a person should always look for the
simplest explanation.
• Anything can affect the
environment, and therefore affect
an individual.
• Any response to a stimulus is limited
to any measurable behavior.
• Conditioning is the study of learning
one's reflex responses and
changing said responses based on
the influence of an outside
observer.
• Radical behaviorism states that the
study of internal processes are
impossible to study objectively and
therefore irrelevant in
understanding one's behavior.
• Equipotentiality is the principal that
conditioning should apply to all
behaviors and all species.
4. KEY PEOPLE ASSOCIATED WITH
BEHAVIORISM
• Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)
• His contribution to
behaviorism was the
concept of Classical
Conditioning. Which
refers to the natural
reflex that occurs in
response to a stimulus.
• Pavlov proved through
his experiment using
dogs, that behaviors
could be enforced
through Classical
Conditioning.
5. KEY PEOPLE ASSOCIATED WITH
BEHAVIORISM
• B.F. Skinner (1904-1990)
• Skinner’s contribution to
behaviorism was Operant
Conditioning. Which
describes learning that is
controlled and results in
shaping behavior through
the reinforcement of
stimulus-response patterns.
• Skinner proved this through
his experiment with rats. In
which he proved that
behavior could be
changed through
reinforcement.
6. KEY PEOPLE ASSOCIATED WITH
BEHAVIORISM
• Albert Bandura
(1925- )
• Bandura’s
contribution to
behaviorism is
Observational
Modeling. Which is
mimicking observed
behavior.
• Possibly the most
influential theory of
learning and
development.
7. CLASSROOM IMPLICATIONS- TEACHER
• Teacher presents facts
and skills
• Teacher- Centered
• Text activities are put
online
• Lecture notes are put
online
• Teacher is the “expert”
and has all the answers
• Focus on repetition,
reinforcement, and
sequencing
• Positive and negative
reinforcement
8. CLASSROOM IMPLICATIONS- STUDENTS
• Breaking bad or old
habits
• Passive learning
• Responds to stimuli
• Works to receive
positive
reinforcement
• Participate in drill and
practice tutorials
online
• Focus on
memorization
