19. āļāļĩāđāļĄāļēāļāļāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļĢāļīāļāđāļāļīāļāđāļ (Contribution to Growth) āļïāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļïāļïāļēāļĒ
% yoy/ contribution
GDP = C + I + G + (X - M)
15
10
5
0
-5
Private consumption Government Consumption
-10 Gross fixed capital formation Inventory change
Net exports GDP yoy
-15
1Q09 3Q09 1Q10 3Q10 1Q11 3Q11
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35. āļāļĪāļĐāļāļĩāļāļļāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļīāļ
M1 = currency in circulation + checking account
âĶhence M1 is money with no interests
âĶnote that currency in circulation is basically a âzero coupon bond with no maturityâ
M2 = M1 + deposits of less than 1 year
âĶdeposits represents âdeposable incomeâ of economic agents
âĶhence higher M2 should be economic agents are making moneyâĶ.
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36. āļāļĪāļĐāļāļĩāļāļļāļāļāļēāļāđāļāļīāļ
Velocity (V) = GDP / money supply
âĶwhich means how many times in a year money changes handsâĶ.
âĶthe higher the velocity, the more active is the economy
But post Lehmanâs velocity has reduced because economic agents (real sector, financial
sector, public sector) donât trust one another
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