Types of Anxiety Disorders - OCD, Agoraphobia, Specific Phobias, Social Phobia, GAD.....Uploader - Geeta Sakhuja

1. ANXIETY
DISORDER
Presented By :- Olivia,
Jivtesh and Geeta.

2. WHAT IS ANXIETY?
Anxiety is a
response that
prepares us either
to Run Or
Approach Danger
by producing stress
hormones.

3. Types of Anxiety
• Social Anxiety Disorder
• Specific Phobias
• Agoraphobia

4. SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER /
SOCIAL PHOBIA
People facing Social
Phobia are Scared of
Public Interactions and
Group Associations.

5. Symptoms of social phobia
Does not only include the intense fear of
embarrassing oneself in unfamiliar situations
such as public presentation, but also has to
do with the fear of not meeting societal
expectations.

6. CAUSES OF SOCIAL
PHOBIA
• Hereditary
• Environmental
For example, there is a high possibility that
a child born to a parent with anxiety
problem will inherit it.

7. TREATMENTS OF SOCIAL
PHOBIA
• Avoiding Negative
Thoughts.
• Breathing Slowly.

8. SPECIFIC PHOBIAS
A specific phobia results out of an Irrational
Fear or a Meaningless Fear arising as a
result of a situation or a specific object.

9. These fears range from:
• Being confined or left alone in an enclosed
area (claustrophobia)
• Fear of blood
• Fear of Injections

10. SYMPTOMS OF SPECIFIC
PHOBIA
• Intense nervousness.
• Lack of concentration.

11. CAUSES OF SPECIFIC
PHOBIA
One’s own life
experiences.
For example, a person who
has been bitten by a dog
will develop a fear of
dogs.
Another fear could also
result of a traumatic
experience from a car
crash.

12. TREATMENT FOR SPECIFIC
PHOBIAS
A psychiatrist or psychologist can help in
such situations by constant exposure to that
particular situation or that object until the
situation no longer triggers the Phobia.

13. AGORAPHOBIA: “FEAR OF THE
MARKET PLACE.”
It is the fear of being in a particular
place where there is absolutely no
possibility of escaping in case of an
emergency.
An example will be travelling in an
airplane or in a car.

14. SYMPTOMS OF AGORAPHOBIA
• Shaking
• Sweating
• Having chest pains.

15. CAUSES OF AGORAPHOBIA
Intensive fear that can lead to panic attacks.
In situations like this the individual loses
control or feels like he is dying.

16. TREATMENT OF AGORAPHOBIA
• Medications such as Alprazolam and
clonazepam relieve fear and anxiety.
• Counselling can also help alongside with
these medications.

17. OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
A Disorder which is dominated by
persistent, unwanted and disturbing
thoughts called obsessions. This
creates anxiety that is relieved by
ritualistic acts called compulsions.
Unwanted and
persistent thoughts Ritual Acts
obsessions Compulsive

18. When Worry become a Obsession?
Don’t we all have worries and
doubts?
Yes, we do
OCD occurs only when:
• Worries become obsessions
• Followed by excessive rituals
• Which in turn starts
dominating and controlling

19. Commons Compulsions
(Repetitive and Ritual Acts)
• Excessive hand
washing
• Repetitive checking.
• Preoccupied with
sexual, violent and
religious thoughts.
• Rearranging and
organizing things.
• Extreme hoarding.

20. What Causes OCD?
Psychological factors
• Intruding thoughts and worries
• Excessive anxiety and stress
Biological Factors
• Genetic
• Neurological Disorders

21. Coping with OCD
• Behavioural and
cognitive therapy
a)Exposure & ritual
prevention
b)Associative splitting
• Medication
Includes selective
serotonin Reuptake
inhibitors and other
drugs

22. Need to “SWAT OUT” OCD
• Diagnosed amongst 2% of the
population.
• Varies in every age and
person.
• Most common in Children and
Teens.
Obsessive Cognitive Disorder Personalities

23. Need to “SWAT OUT” OCD
DONOT LET OCD CONTROLS YOUR LIFE ,
IT’S YOU
WHO NEEDS TO CONTROL IT.
STOP OCD , STOP DOING
THINGS OVER AND OVER AGAIN

24. GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER
A Disorder in which a
person has feelings of
dread and impending
doom along with
Physical symptoms of
stress, which lasts six

25. GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER (GAD)
People with Generalized Anxiety Disorder
(GAD) go through the day filled with
excessive and uncontrollable WORRY and
TENSION even though there is little or
nothing to provoke it.

26. So what does
GAD look like?
People with GAD often:
• Have trouble falling asleep
• Startle easily
• Have trouble staying asleep
• Can’t relax
• Have difficulty concentrating
• Experience Muscle Pains
• Feel irritable
• Get easily upset
• Snap at people for minor reasons

27. How do People with GAD act in
Daily Life (other than worrying)?
• Excessive reassurance-
seeking
• Checking
• Information Seeking or List
Making
• Refusal to delegate to others
• Avoidance / Procrastination

28. WHAT IS NORMAL ANXIETY?

29. WHAT IS ABNORMAL ANXIETY?

30. CAUSES OF ANXIETY DISORDERS
• Genetic
• Biological
• Developmental
• Socio Economic
• Workplace Stress

31. The first is experiential:
Behaviourists believe
that many people may
learn their fear or
Phobia from an initial
experience, such as
an embarrassing
situation, physical or
sexual abuse, or the
witnessing of a violent
act. Similar
subsequent
experiences serve to
reinforce the fear.

32. A second theory related to Cognition or
thinking:
Cognitive Psychologists see Anxiety as
the result of
ILLOGICAL and IRRATIONAL
THOUGHT PROCESSES.

33. IRRATIONAL THOUGHT PROCCESSES
Magnification:- Is to make mountains out
of Molehills
All-or-nothing thinking:- In which a
person believes that his or her
performance must be perfect or the
result will be a total failure.
Overgeneralization:- A single negative
event interpreted as a never ending
pattern of defeat.
Minimization:- Giving little or no

34. A third theory focuses on a biological
basis:
We know that genetics seems to play a role in the
development of some anxiety disorders, and there is
evidence that genes play a modest role in GAD.
However, GAD (like many mental disorders)
is probably the result of a combination of genetic,
environmental, psychological, and developmental
factors.
And, several parts of the brain (including the
amygdala and hippocampus) are known to be
involved in the production of fear and anxiety.
By learning more about how the brain creates
fear and anxiety, scientists may be able to devise
better treatments for anxiety disorders.

35. TREATMENT FOR GAD
THERAPY
Cognitive Therapy
Behavioural Therapy
MEDICATIONS
The Medications used for GAD include:
Anti – Depressants
Anti – Anxiety Drugs
Beta Blockers

36. MEDICATIONS FOR ANXIETY DISORDERS
Medications will NOT CURE anxiety
disorders, but can keep them under control
while the patient receives therapy.
With proper treatment, many people with
anxiety disorders can lead normal, fulfilling
lives!

37. Bibliography
• Anonymous. (October 2002). Information from your
family doctor: Panic disorder: Panic attacks and
agoraphobia. American Family Physician, 66 (7), 1293-
4. Retrieved from:
http://search.proquest.com/docview/234321802?accou
ntid=3455
• Kamkar, K. (2008). High cost of anxiety. Canadian HR
Reporter, 21(22), 34-34. Retrieved from
http://search.proquest.com/docview/220804374?accou
ntid=3455
• Parker-Pope, T.( May 31, 2005). Health mailbox. Wall
Street Journal, pp. D.7-D.7. Retrieved from:
http://search.proquest.com/docview/398949518?accou
ntid=3455

38. Bibliography
• Rayuso (2012). What causes social phobia. Mental
Health. Retrieved from
• http://rayuso.hubpages.com/hub/What-Causes-
Social-Phobia
• Smith, M. A. A., & Jaffe-Gill, M.A.( June
2011).Symptoms, self-help and treatment. Social
Anxiety Disorder and Social Phobia. Retrieved from
http://www.helpguide.org/mental/social_anxiety_su
pport_symptom_causes_treatment.htm
• Fotosearch. (2012). Retrieved from:
http://www.fotosearch.com/BLG017/080176bl/

39. Bibliography
• Canadian Mental Health Association. (2008). Retrieved from cmha.ca:
http://www.cmha.ca/bins/content_page.asp?cid=3-94-95&lang=1
• Psych Central learn share. Grow. (2011). Retrieved from
http://psychcentral.com/ocdquiz.htm
• MedicineNet. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://www.medicinenet.com/obsessive_compulsive_disorder_ocd/pa
ge2.htm
• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anxiety Disorder. (n.d.). Retrieved
from American Psychological Association: http://www.cmha.ca
• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. (n.d.). Retrieved from The OCD
Closet: http://www.theocdcloset.com/ocd-treatment/ocd-self-help/
• Obsessive–compulsive disorder. (n. d.). Retrieved from
en.wikipedia.org:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_disor
der

40. Bibliography
• Anxiety BC “What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder”
Retrieved from
http://www.anxietybc.com/resources/generalized.php
• Dr. Stan Kutcher (2008, November 3) “Understanding GAD”
Retrieved from
http://www.slideshare.net/teenmentalhealth/understandin
g-generalized-anxiety-disorder-
presentation?src=related_normal&rel=3439665
• Public Health Agency of Canada “Chapter 4 – Anxiety
Disorder” Retrieved from
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/miic