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Teaching Autism: CTD & PTD Review

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GabrielaBucur

CTD & PTD Review

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Time Delay Procedures for Teaching Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders Gabriela Walker, Ed. S. Department of Communication Sciences & Special Education - University of Georgia Department of Educational policy Studies – University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Purpose of the review ,[object Object]
Acronyms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ASD characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ASD characteristics – cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Treatment approaches for teaching the ASD population (lit review) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Treatment approaches – cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Time Delay Procedure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Time delay procedure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Time delay procedure – cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Time delay procedure – cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Time Delay – Procedural modifications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Time delay procedure – cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Purpose - reiterated ,[object Object],[object Object]
Methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results ,[object Object],[object Object],  Journal CTD PTD J. of Applied Behavior Analysis 1 7 J. of Autism and Developmental Disorders 1 - J. of Behavioral Education - 2 J. of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 2 - Early Childhood Research Quarterly - 1 Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities 2 - Education and Treatment of Children - 1 Exceptional Children 1 - Preventing School Failure 1 - Research in Developmental Disabilities - 1 J. of School Psychology 1 - J. of Special Education Technology 1 -
Results – Demographic ,[object Object]
Results – Demographic: AGE Preschool: 3-5 yrs.; Elementary: 6-11; Adolescence: 12-18; Adulthood: 21>
Results – Demographic: IQ ,[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Demographic: Diagnoses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Demographic: Settings
Results – Demographic: Instruction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Demographic: Behaviors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Procedural: Attentional cues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Procedural: No. of 0-s delay ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Procedural: No. of delay sessions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Procedural: Controlling Prompts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Procedural: Error Correction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Procedural: Error Correction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Procedural: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Outcomes: Procedural Modifications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Outcomes: Procedural Modifications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Outcomes: Effectiveness ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Outcomes: Efficiency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Outcomes: Efficiency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Outcomes: Efficiency
Results – Outcomes: Maintenance & Generalization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Outcomes: Treatment Comparisons 11.6 3.7 SLP 10.75 9.1 CTD Error percentage Mean sessions Ault et al., 1988 13 141 SLP 4.5 120 (- 6 hrs.) PTD Error percentage No. of sessions Godby et al., 1987
Results – Outcomes: Treatment Comparisons 609 - LTM 47 - PTD No. of errors Mean sessions Heckaman et al., 1998 - 56.7 Visual Fading - 47.3 PTD Error percentage No. of sessions Matson et al., 1993
Results – Methodological: Experimental Designs ,[object Object],1 - 1 - 2 8 PTD - 1 1 1 2 5 CTD Alternating AB Parallel Withdrawal MP MB
Dipipi, C. M., Jitendra, A. K., & Miller, J. A. (2001). Reducing repetitive speech: Effects of strategy instruction. Preventing School Failure , 45 , 177-181. 1.Baseline; 2.Time delay; 3.Self-recording+DRO; 4.Maintenance 1 2 3 4
Wall, M. E. & Gast, D. L. (1997). Caregivers’ use of constant time delay to teach leisure skills to adolescents or young adults with moderate or severe intellectual disabilities. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities , 340-356
Results – Methodological: Interobserver Agreement ,[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Methodological: Procedural Fidelity ,[object Object],[object Object]
Results – Methodological: Social Validity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Discussion: CTD & PTD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Discussion: CTD & PTD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Discussion: CTD vs. PTD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Limitations of the studies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Limitations of the present review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Further Research ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Teaching Autism: CTD & PTD Review

  • 1. Time Delay Procedures for Teaching Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders Gabriela Walker, Ed. S. Department of Communication Sciences & Special Education - University of Georgia Department of Educational policy Studies – University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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  • 19. Results – Demographic: AGE Preschool: 3-5 yrs.; Elementary: 6-11; Adolescence: 12-18; Adulthood: 21>
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  • 22. Results – Demographic: Settings
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  • 37. Results – Outcomes: Efficiency
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  • 39. Results – Outcomes: Treatment Comparisons 11.6 3.7 SLP 10.75 9.1 CTD Error percentage Mean sessions Ault et al., 1988 13 141 SLP 4.5 120 (- 6 hrs.) PTD Error percentage No. of sessions Godby et al., 1987
  • 40. Results – Outcomes: Treatment Comparisons 609 - LTM 47 - PTD No. of errors Mean sessions Heckaman et al., 1998 - 56.7 Visual Fading - 47.3 PTD Error percentage No. of sessions Matson et al., 1993
  • 41.
  • 42. Dipipi, C. M., Jitendra, A. K., & Miller, J. A. (2001). Reducing repetitive speech: Effects of strategy instruction. Preventing School Failure , 45 , 177-181. 1.Baseline; 2.Time delay; 3.Self-recording+DRO; 4.Maintenance 1 2 3 4
  • 43. Wall, M. E. & Gast, D. L. (1997). Caregivers’ use of constant time delay to teach leisure skills to adolescents or young adults with moderate or severe intellectual disabilities. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities , 340-356
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