The Catastrophe Response System and Its Behavior in China: a Comparison to USA
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The Catastrophe Response System and Its Behavior in China: a Comparison to USA
![The Catastrophe Response System and Its Behavior in China: a Comparison to USA Jiajin Wang ,Yaobin Meng, Zhao Zhang,Peijun Shi Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875,China. E-mail: [email_address] June 2,2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/the-catastrophe-response-system-and-its-behavior-in-chinappt1779/85/The-Catastrophe-Response-System-and-Its-Behavior-in-China-a-Comparison-to-USA-1-320.jpg)
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The Catastrophe Response System and Its Behavior in China: a Comparison to USA
- 1. The Catastrophe Response System and Its Behavior in China: a Comparison to USA Jiajin Wang ,Yaobin Meng, Zhao Zhang,Peijun Shi Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875,China. E-mail: [email_address] June 2,2010
- 2. Ⅱ Catastrophic Risk Assessment Methodology Ⅰ Introduction Ⅲ Response System Ⅳ Incorporating Learned Lessons Ⅴ Concluding Remark Outline
- 3. Ⅱ Catastrophic Risk Assessment Methodology Ⅰ Introduction Ⅲ Response System Ⅳ Incorporating Learned Lessons Ⅴ Concluding Remark
- 4. Introduction Earthquake Flood Hurricane
- 7. Ⅱ Catastrophic Risk Assessment Methodology Ⅰ Introduction Ⅲ Response System Ⅳ Incorporating Learned Lessons Ⅴ Concluding Remark
- 8. Catastrophic Risk Assessment Methodology Fundamental Structure of Catastrophe Models
- 11. The Index-based Methodology (1) is the weight of the k th indicator
- 17. Ⅱ Catastrophic Risk Assessment Methodology Ⅰ Introduction Ⅲ Response System Ⅳ Incorporating Learned Lessons Ⅴ Concluding Remark
- 18. Response System Table : Emergency Response System in China Source: Service regulations of the natural disaster emergency relief work ) Emergency response Level Indicator Disaster Death Evacuation and resettlement (ten thousand) Collapsed houses (ten thousand) Responder National Level-I Destructive earthquake >200 >100 >20 Deputy Premier, State Council Other natural disasters >200 >100 >20 National Level-II Destructive earthquake 100-200 80-100 15-20 Minister, Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA) Other natural disasters 100-200 80-100 15-20 National Level-III Destructive earthquake 50-100 30-80 10-15 Deputy Minister, Ministry of Civil Affairs Other natural disasters 50-100 30-80 10-15 National Level-IV Destructive earthquake 30-50 10-30 1-10 Head of Disaster relief department of MCA Other natural disasters 30-50 10-30 1-10
- 20. Response System Table : Process of Wenchuan Earthquake and Hurricane Katrina Response Process in China Time* Response Process in USA Time* Prepare for work at disaster areas 17min Louisiana and Mississippi Governor declare a state of emergency 22h Start to deploy resources and capabilities 92min New Orleans Mayor declares a state of emergency 46h Build disaster relief headquarters and hold the emergency conference 132min Louisiana Governor sends letter to President Bush requesting various federal aid 65h Appointed leaders access disaster areas 332min The troops en route doesn't come from Washington until after 120h Change disaster emergency response National Level-II to Level-I 467min President Bush makes emergency disaster declarations 87h Soldiers serve the people in disaster area 32.78h President Bush details his strategy for short-term recovery efforts 130h Supply stockpiled to meet the emergency 45.53h New Orleans mayor calls the situation critical and issues ‘a desperate SOS’ 156h State Council discusses the National Recovery Programs 766 h President Bush surveys Katrina's damage 168h
- 21. Response System a) China Central government A catastrophic natural disaster occur s Index-based assessment Central government province Response action province Command support The National Level-I The National Level-II State-resource overwhelmed? State-resource overwhelmed? State-resource overwhelmed? Accurate and comprehensive assessment State A catastrophic natural disaster occurs Accurate and comprehensive assessment State Response action NO Yes b) USA State Federal Coordinate State Federal Coordinate
- 23. Ⅱ Catastrophic Risk Assessment Methodology Ⅰ Introduction Ⅲ Response System Ⅳ Incorporating Learned Lessons Ⅴ Concluding Remark
- 25. Ⅱ Catastrophic Risk Assessment Methodology Ⅰ Introduction Ⅲ Response System Ⅳ Incorporating Learned Lessons Ⅴ Concluding Remark
Notas do Editor
- In China, when a catastrophe occurs, the index-based assessment is used to decide which emergency response level should be launched. If we launch the national level-II, the province will be the first responder and the Central government acts a supporting partner. If we launch the level-I,the Central government will bear all the responsibility, and command the provinces to defend against this catastrophe. In the case of USA, we find its response system is different from China. When a catastrophe occurs, they try to do an accurate assessment, by collecting more information so as to judge whether state resource has been or will be overwhelmed. If the answer is no, the state government deals with the disaster by itself. With the evolving of disaster and the counteractions, information is continuously collected and used to make updating judgments. When sufficient information does reach a judgment that the disaster exceeds the state resource, the state will ask for help from the Federal government. The critical distinction between the two systems is that how or when the Central or Federal government will begin to play the major role. In USA, there is a continuous looping of counteracting-information collecting-judging-new counteracting. The looping requires more information and therefore becomes time-consuming. In contrast, China applies an index-based assessment, which is quick and less information dependent. We tentatively consider that the quick disaster assessment helps the quick launch of the National Level-I emergency response plan in Wenchuan Earthquake. Nonetheless, we think that a less information-dependent assessment is subjected to more uncertainty, and the resultant National Level-I may be overacting in some cases. Admitting its possible low efficiency in resource utilization, the China system does save time and help reaching a quick decision to avoid unnecessary lives losses. We think the tendency of the China emergency response system to overact is profoundly rooted in China culture.