This document provides information about copyright law and fair use guidelines for educators. It begins by outlining some common myths and challenges around student and teacher understanding of copyright. It then details the history and key aspects of US copyright law, including provisions for fair use and educational fair use. The document lists resources for educating teachers and students on copyright and plagiarism and strategies to avoid plagiarism. It concludes by emphasizing the responsibility of educators to teach digital citizenship and proper use of creative works.

1. End Copyright Confusion! Fair Use & Citation Guidelines Lynn ZottnickInstructional Technology Lakeview Academy July 2009 Certain materials are included under the fair use exemption of the U. S. Copyright Law and have been prepared according to the fair use multimedia guidelines and are restricted from further use

2. “If you cannot protect what you own, you don’t own anything.” -Jack Valenti, 2002

3. “New networked technologies enable users to participate in the consumption, distribution, and creation of content in ways that are revolutionary…young people are now confronting copyright law on a regular basis. -Harvard University 2009

4. The Challenge Students do not understand… ….. copyright law (or value it) and its impact on the creative work of an individual. Teachers do not understand … the concept of “educational fair use.” Technology is making it… easier and easier to duplicate copyrighted work.

6. They make so much money, they’ll never miss it.

7. I am enhancing the value!

8. I bought it! Why can’t I do what I want with it?

10. 35 Million downloaded music in 2003 67%said they did not care 76%said it was acceptable

11. Disconnect!

12. “We have all seen the effects illegal downloading has had on Music Row – too many record stores have been shuttered and too many songwriters are out of the business.” -Tennessee Gov. Phil BredesenNovember 2008

13. The Truth The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is pursuing and prosecuting violators.

14. The Truth “RIAA sent new wave of 401 pre-lawsuit letters to 12 universities this week.” RIAA Newsroom, February 21. 2008 Worldwide piracy of intellectual property is a problem – congress is calling for meaningful reforms in the global area. RIAA Newsrooom May 2009 “The First-Ever Campus Downloading Bill Passed” RIAA Newsroom, November 2008

15. Confusion!

16. “Confusion about what constitutes plagiarism — not malicious intent — is the leading cause of plagiarism at the graduate school level… the increasingly worrisome problem…” -George M. Bodner, Ph.D.ScienceDaily (Mar. 22, 2009)

17. Universities are concerned about the next "Google generation" of students, who might have cut and pasted all their … essays and then see nothing wrong in carrying on with this approach in higher education….” -Conference to tackle university plagiarism problemOctober 17, 2006 s

18. The Truth Plagiarism has become an epidemic. "Internet plagiarism is probably by far the most common form of cheating or academic dishonesty" DidiKuo, Emory University graduate, University's Honor Council ChairmanNational Crosstalk Winter 2006s

19. The History

20. The History Copyright Law:A Brief History… 1709 – Statute of Anne, Queen Anne of England

21. The History 1790 - First US Copyright Law, signed by George Washington

23. 1976 - “Fair Use” statute added to the US s Copyright Law

24. 1998- Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)

25. 2003 - Teacher Act Interactive Copyright Timeline

26. Copyright Law

28. Protection begins at the moment they are “fixed in a tangible medium.”

30. Created after 1923 but before1978 95 years from the date of publication.

32. The Law Copyright Law:EducationalFair Use The right to use copyrighted materials freely without payment or permission for purposes such as “criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research.” Section 107Copyright Act of 1976

34. An article from a periodical or newspaper

35. A short story, short essay, or short poem whether or not it is from a collective work

38. Is the purpose instructional

39. Was the material acquired legally?

40. What is the effect of the amount or portion used?

41. Is the material given proper credit or attribution?

43. Fair Use Transformative Use Creative Commons

44. Fair Use:Transformative Use As a general rule, if you are using a small portion of somebody else's work in a non-competitive way and the purpose for your use is to benefit the public, you're on pretty safe ground. - Mimi CalterStanford University Libraries --Joyce Valencia, Library School Journal

45. Fair Use:Transformative Use “When the user of copyrighted material add value to or repurposes materials for a use different from that which it was originally intended, it will likely be considered transformative use; it will also likely be considered fair use. Fair use embraces the modifying of existing media content, placing it in a new context.” --Joyce Valencia Library School Journal

46. Creative Commons Share, Remix, Reuse, Legally http://creativecommons.org/

47. The Resources Educating Teachers Media Education lab – Temple University Copyright & Fair Use – Stanford University

48. The Resources Educating Students Copyright Bay

52. Plagiarism

55. Design assignmentsthat cannot be easily plagiarized

56. Require students to write an initial draft before they research

58. Require a research portfolio

59. Educate students about plagiarism

62. It’s our responsibility

63. The Curriculum Digital Citizenship & Creative Content - free instructional program Lakeview Academy - Research & Citation Curriculum

64. Credits Palfrey, John, Urs Gasser, Miriam Simun, and Rosalie Fay Barnes. "Youth, Creativitiy, and Copyright in the Digital AGe." International Journal of Learning and MediaVolumn 1.Number 2 (2009): 79 - 97. Jongejan, Tony. "NECC 2007 program_search | Program: search result details." UO Continuing Education Home. 26 Jun 2007. 12 Jul 2007 <http://center.uoregon.edu/ISTE/NECC2007/program/search_results_details.php?sessionid=40438391&selection_id=41930179&rownumber=2&max=2>. Roemer, Ryan, “A Copyright Law Primer.” October 16, 2006. July 12, 2007.<transcriptions.files.wordpress.com/2006/10/ucsb-ip-lecture1.ppt > Bangeman, Eric. "RIAA launches propaganda, lawsuit offensive against college students." ArsTechnica. 1 Mar 2007. 12 Jul 2007 <http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20070301-8953.html>. "Statute of Anne - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." Main Page - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 17 May 2007. 12 Jul 2007 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statute_of_Anne>. "THE FIRST US COPYRIGHT LAW - Archiving Early America." Archiving Early America: Primary Source Material from 18th Century America. 1 Jan 1996. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/firsts/copyright/>.Campbell, Don. "National CrossTalk -- Vol. 14 / No. 1 -- Winter 2006." Higher Education. 1 Dec 2006. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.highereducation.org/crosstalk/ct0106/news0106-plagiarism.shtml>. Honor Council, Georgetown. "Georgetown University." Georgetown University. 4 Apr 2007. 12 Jul 2007 <http://gervaseprograms.georgetown.edu/hc/plagiarism.html>.

65. Credits, continued… Author, An. "Definitions of Library and Information Terminology." cgcc home. 18 May 0006. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.cgcc.cc.or.us/Library/lib-instruction/define-terms.htm>. "Copyright in Classrooms: University of Illinois." University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC). 15 Dec 2006. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.uic.edu/depts/lib/copyright/classroom.shtml>. Joseph, Linda. "Copyright with Cyberbee." CyberBee. 7 Nov 2004. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.cyberbee.com/copyrt.html>. Myers, Jason. "copyright_main." Instructional Technology. 12 Jul 2007 <http://it.wce.wwu.edu/344/copyright/default.html>. Parness, Adam. "Welcome To The FACE Kids Site." Welcome To The FACE Kids Site. 1 Jan 2001. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.copyrightkids.org/>. "techLEARNING.com | Technology & Learning - The Resource for Education Technology Leaders." techLEARNING.com | Technology & Learning - The Resource for Education Technology Leaders. 15 Oct 2002. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.techlearning.com/db_area/archives/TL/2002/10/copyright_quiz.php>.

66. Credits, continued… "Assessing Student Learning - five practical guides." Centre for the Study of Higher Education (CSHE). 1 Jan 2002. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.cshe.unimelb.edu.au/assessinglearning/03/plagMain.html>. Collins, Terry. "teaching with writing - strategies for preventing plagiarism - preventing plagiarism - center for writing." center for writing. 2 Jan 2007. 12 Jul 2007 <http://writing.umn.edu/tww/plagiarism/strategies.html>. "Instruction - Faculty - Plagiarism - Preventing." University of Texas Libraries. 29 Jun 2005. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.lib.utexas.edu/services/instruction/faculty/plagiarism/preventing.html>. "Plagiarism - DGN Library." District 99. 12 Jul 2007 <http://www.csd99.k12.il.us/north/library/plagiarism.htm>. "The Bedford/St. Martin's Workshop on Plagiarism." Using Portfolios to Avoid Plagiarism. 23 Nov 2005. 12 Jul 2007 <http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/plagiarism/default.asp?s=&n=&i=&v=&o=&ns=0&uid=0&rau=0>. Bibme <http://www.bibme.org> Warlick, David. "Son of Citation Machine." Son of Citation Machine. 29 Oct 2000. 11 Jul 2007 <http://citationmachine.net/>.

68. Credits, continued… Maryland State Archives. "Annapolis Collection - Anne, Queen of England." Maryland State Archives. 1 Jan. 2002. 22 July 2009 <http://www.msa.md.gov/msa/speccol/sc1500/sc1545/e_catalog_2002/anne.html> Media Education Lab. " Code of Best Practices for Fair Use in Media Literacy Education | Media Education Lab." Welcome | Media Education Lab. 22 July 2009 <http://www.mediaeducationlab.org/code-best-practices-fair-use-media-literacy-education>. Science Daily. "Confusion, Not Cheating, Major Factor In Plagiarism Among Some Students." Science Daily: News & Articles in Science, Health, Environment & Technology. 22 Mar. 2009. 22 July 2009 <http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/03/090322154413.htm>. IMDB.com. "Jack Valenti - Biography." The Internet Movie Database (IMDb). 22 July 2009 <http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0884122/bio>. Kahn, Joel. "Frankentoon Home Page." Yahoo! GeoCities: Get a web site with easy-to-use site building tools.. 1 July 2003. 22 July 2009 <http://www.geocities.com/frankentoons>. George Washington Presented Medal For Helping To Liberate Boston In 1776; He Was Just Getting Started… « THE B.S. REPORT." THE B.S. REPORT. 1 Mar. 2009. 22 July 2009 <http://thebsreport.wordpress.com/2009/03/24/george-washington-presented-medal-for-helping-to-liberate-boston-in-1776-he-was-just-getting-started>. Business Software Alliance 2003