A webquest on the Sand Creek Massacre

1. Student Page Title Introduction Task Process Evaluation Conclusion Credits [ Teacher Page ] A WebQuest for High School Students(Colorado History) Designed by Zach Fogg [email_address] Present-Day Sand Creek

2. Student Page Title Introduction Task Process Evaluation Conclusion Credits [ Teacher Page ] It is 1864 and bad blood is brewing between the Cheyenne and Arapahoe tribes of Colorado and the men and soldiers that of the United States who occupy the territory. Something is bound to happen soon, and Colonel John M. Chivington is about to lead an expedition out against the Dog Soldiers. But, it seems the Indians he is following may not be the ones they are after…. Will you join Chivington, or side with the Indians? Colonel John M. Chivington

3. Student Page Introduction Task Process Evaluation Conclusion Credits [ Teacher Page ] Us e the resources available to you to decide individually who is at fault in the Sand Creek Massacre, and then write a report defending your position for the purpose of debating the topic in class. Title Black and white depiction of the battle at Sand Creek

4. Student Page Title Introduction Task Process Evaluation Conclusion Credits [ Teacher Page ] Go online and read all about the Sand Creek massacre by going to the sites that I have provided for you and seeing what each one has to say. Beware, many of the sites do not have objective stories and you must be able to think about what parts of the story may have been affected by the biases of the author, there is rarely such a thing as an unbiased story. Then, based on what you read, decide whether to side with the Indians, the soldiers, or even a neutral person within Chivington’s party. From there, you should make an outline of all the reasons that you think your perspective is correct, and write a persuasive paper defending your position on who was at fault for the massacre. Your paper should include why the massacre occurred, who all was involved, who was truly at fault and why, and how you came to your conclusions. Be prepared to defend your point in a parliamentary style debate in class. Websites http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_Creek_Massacre http://rebelcherokee.labdiva.com/sandcrkltrs.html http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/four/sandcrk.htm http://www.nps.gov/sand/ http://www.archaeology.org/9911/newsbriefs/sand.html http://sandcreekmassacre.net/ http://www.coloradovacation.com/history/sand-creek-massacre.html http://mr_sedivy.tripod.com/co_hist.html http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9065437/Sand-Creek-Massacre http://www.legendsofamerica.com/NA-SandCreek.html

5. Student Page Title Introduction Task Process Evaluation Conclusion Credits [ Teacher Page ] Beginning 1 Developing 2 Accomplished 3 Exemplary 4 Score Accuracy of Information Information used in report is inaccurate or absent altogether Not all of the information from the websites provided has been used Most of the information provided by the websites has been used All information provided has been used accurately and with great understanding Argument No argument for who is responsible has been provided Argument is weak and based on inaccurate information, or lacks evidence Argument has good information to back it up and is well-cited Argument uses a majority of the provided information, is well-cited, and elaborates to go above what is presented Spelling and Grammar Many spelling and grammatical errors Some spelling and grammatical errors Very few spelling or grammatical errors No spelling or grammatical errors Overall Content Poorly written Could be written better, but a few good points are recognized Several good points, well written Beautifully written and flawless argumentation and points

6. Student Page Title Introduction Task Process Evaluation Conclusion Credits [ Teacher Page ] By now you see that throughout history, the answer is not always clear. Despite hundreds of documents and both eyewitness and secondhand accounts, the events at Sand Creek on November 29, 1864 remain murky, and a much debated subject among historians throughout the United States. Contested events like the Sand Creek Massacre have happened all over the globe, and with no consensus on the conclusion to these events, it is important to find out about them and decide for yourself what you think. We must remember most of all, that in history and in life, finding the right answer is just as important, if not more so, than knowing it to begin with. Memorial site at modern day Sand Creek

7. Student Page Title Introduction Task Process Evaluation Conclusion Credits [ Teacher Page ] Photo on Title page by tlindenbaum Chivington photo on intro page by http://www.coloradovacation.com/ Photo on Task Page by http://www.coloradovacation.com/ Photo on Conclusion page by http://www.sandcreeksite.com/

8. [ Student Page ] Title Introduction Learners Standards Process Resources Credits Teacher Page A WebQuest for High School (History) Designed by Zach Fogg [email_address] Evaluation Teacher Script Conclusion

9. [ Student Page ] Title Introduction Learners Standards Process Resources Credits Teacher Page This lesson was developed by me, but is also based largely on lessons developed by David Sedivy. The lesson was developed to get students to think critically about the origins and events surrounding, leading up to, and during the Sand Creek Massacre, as well as to develop their own unique perspectives of the events during that time. Evaluation Teacher Script Conclusion

10. [ Student Page ] Title Introduction Learners Standards Process Resources Credits Teacher Page This lesson was developed primarily for a Colorado, Plains, Western Expansion, or other similar history courses at the high school level. The lesson also incorporates elements of English courses. In order to complete this lesson, students will need only to have a brief background of the United States government’s history with Native Americans, as well as a brief background of the specific persons involved in the battle. Evaluation Teacher Script Conclusion

12. [ Student Page ] Title Introduction Learners Standards Process Resources Credits Teacher Page Go online and read all about the Sand Creek massacre by going to the sites that I have provided for you and seeing what each one has to say. Beware, many of the sites do not have objective stories and you must be able to think about what parts of the story may have been affected by the biases of the author, there is rarely such a thing as an unbiased story. Then, based on what you read, decide whether to side with the Indians, the soldiers, or even a neutral person within Chivington’s party. From there, you should make an outline of all the reasons that you think your perspective is correct, and write a persuasive paper defending your position on who was at fault for the massacre. Your paper should include why the massacre occurred, who all was involved, who was truly at fault and why, and how you came to your conclusions. Be prepared to defend your point in a parliamentary style debate in class. The lesson can be taught by the teacher in one class period in the computer lab with the students exploring the WebQuest at their leisure. After that, it is up to them to complete the assignment on their own for the next week, with the class meeting in the computer lab when possible to give them time. After the due date, organize a parliamentary style debate for the students to compare ideas based on the assignment. As a teacher, all you have to do is be knowledgable on the subject, and be able to ask key questions to the students that spark discussion during the debate. If no computer lab is available, the lesson can still be carried out as long as you have a large amount of information on the subject on hard copy. Evaluation Teacher Script Conclusion

13. [ Student Page ] Title Introduction Learners Standards Process Resources Credits Teacher Page Websites http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_Creek_Massacre http://rebelcherokee.labdiva.com/sandcrkltrs.html http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/four/sandcrk.htm http://www.nps.gov/sand/ http://www.archaeology.org/9911/newsbriefs/sand.html http://sandcreekmassacre.net/ http://www.coloradovacation.com/history/sand-creek-massacre.html http://mr_sedivy.tripod.com/co_hist.html http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9065437/Sand-Creek-Massacre http://www.legendsofamerica.com/NA-SandCreek.html Different websites can be used, as well as any information you have from books and other hard copy materials, these are just to get you started, and are nice because they offer a variety of perspectives and biases for the students to decipher. Evaluation Teacher Script Conclusion

14. [ Student Page ] Title Introduction Learners Standards Process Resources Credits Teacher Page Students should be graded not only on if their argument is correct, but how they came to their conclusions. Make sure the students have read extensively and have used all of the information available in writing their argument. As always, spelling, grammar should be important when grading the assignments. Below is an example of what to grade on. Evaluation Teacher Script Conclusion Beginning 1 Developing 2 Accomplished 3 Exemplary 4 Score Accuracy of Information Information used in report is inaccurate or absent altogether Not all of the information from the websites provided has been used Most of the information provided by the websites has been used All information provided has been used accurately and with great understanding Argument No argument for who is responsible has been provided Argument is weak and based on inaccurate information, or lacks evidence Argument has good information to back it up and is well-cited Argument uses a majority of the provided information, is well-cited, and elaborates to go above what is presented Spelling and Grammar Many spelling and grammatical errors Some spelling and grammatical errors Very few spelling or grammatical errors No spelling or grammatical errors Overall Content Poorly written Could be written better, but a few good points are recognized Several good points, well written Beautifully written and flawless argumentation and points

16. [ Student Page ] Title Introduction Learners Standards Process Resources Credits Teacher Page This lesson is a fun and interesting way to look at the Sand Creek Massacre up close and in depth. It is one of the most important events in Colorado history and yet the details are still ambiguous after all this time, making it the perfect event for a project like this that involves research and critical thinking, as well as meets standards needed in the social studies curriculum. And because the students get to talk about their views in the paper they write for the project, they will stay engaged and feel like they are calling the shots, which is conducive to their learning. Evaluation Teacher Script Conclusion

17. [ Student Page ] Title Introduction Learners Standards Process Resources Credits Teacher Page Evaluation Teacher Script Conclusion Photo on teacher title page available at http://kohm.org/blog/?p=1003