Consideration of feature in making journal articles, monographs and other information open access in the field of architecture

1. Open Access Session: International Planning History Society Conference, July 2016
Alastair Dunning
4TU.Research Data, TU Delft
@alastairdunning
slideshare.net/alastairdunning
Open Access in Architectural Research

2. Aylesbury Estate, London
2

3. Heygate Estate, London (now
demolished)
3

4. Claremont Street, London
4

5. Claremont Street map, London
5

6. Aylesbury Estate map, London - dead ends, closed roads, no thoroughfares
6

7. Estate by Meppelweg, The Hague
7

8. Estate by Wapserveenstraat, The Hague
8

9. Estate by Meppelweg map, The Hague - open streets and junctions
9

10. Estate by Wapserveenstraat map, The
Hague
10

11. Sub-standard living spaces
have many causes.
Economics, politics influence
such spaces just as much as
urban design
11

12. But designing closed
spaces, creates spaces
that people avoid, cannot
see, ignore
12

13. Openness encourages visitors,
passers-by, travelling through,
awareness and better conditions
for flourishing social architecture
13

14. Openness is a big topic in
many fields. This includes
scholarly communication
14

15. How can we think about
openness in the scholarly
communication of
architectural research?
15

16. What is openness?
“Open Access
literature is digital,
online, free of
charge, and free of
most copyright and
licensing
restrictions.”
Traditionally,
academic knowledge
has been created by
universities’
researchers then
published and sold by
publishers back to
universities
16

17. “With Open Science TU Delft wishes to reach
an as wide as possible dissemination of
scientific knowledge, free of charge to all
users and accessible online. It entails Open
Access to publications, responsible Research
Data Management, Open Education and Open
Source Software.”
17

18. There are
many
distinct
advantages
for openness
18

19. Some forms of knowledge in architectural research
DataImages Knowledge
Articles Monographs
19

20. Journal Articles
The cost to universities: Harvard University
Library on cost of subscription to closed
access journals
‘"Untenable situation" at the university by
making scholarly interaction "fiscally
unsustainable" and "academically restrictive’
Cost to Harvard Harvard University Library of
$3.5m per year
20

21. Journal Articles
A crazy situation: Universities
and their staff are undertaking
the labour of writing and peer
reviewing (for free) and then
paying again for limited
access.
21

22. Two Points to Note
70 studies have
been on greater
citation rates with
Open Access. 46 of
the 63 conclusive
studies (73%) show
openness -> more
citations.
Open access
does not mean
no peer review
22

23. How to Publish
Open Access
Gold Road - Author / Funder /
University pays an Article
Processing Charge (APC) to
allow open access. Author then
follows normal procedure for
publication.
Green Road - Author follows
normal procedure for
publication, but also deposits a
version of the article in a
repository (ie university
repository)
23

24. ● Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
identifies Open Access journals
○ Includes 69 entries for architecture
● Beall’s list of predatory and questionable
publishers (507 journals and 693 publishers in
2015)
● Sherpa / Romeo online service identifies
traditional journals that accept hybrid OA
● Excellent alternative - Open Library of Humanities
24

25. Questions to ask:
● How ‘open’ is this journal?
● Is this OA journal peer-reviewed, included in Web of
Science?
● How much is the Article Processing Charge ?
(Between 100 - 3000 Euros)
Read Publisher’s Agreement before selecting the journal
Funding:
● University OA funds
● Funders allow for OA costs in budget
25

26. How to Publish
Open Access
Gold Road - Author / Funder /
University pays an Article
Processing Charge (APC) to
allow open access. Author then
follows normal procedure for
publication.
Green Road - Author follows
normal procedure for
publication, but also deposits a
version of the article in a
repository (ie university
repository)
26

27. 27

28. Sherpa / Romeo will
reveal which version of
an article you can deposit
in an open access
repository
28

29. Monographs
“A monograph’s average library sales
plummeted from around 2,000 copies in
1980, to 1,000 in the late 1980s, to 500 in the
1990s, to a little more than 200 in the early
years of this century (2004)”
29

30. Monographs
As with journals, openness changes business
model - author, universities, funders pay -
readers can access free of charge
And again open access does not mean no
peer review
See excellent study by Collins, Milloy and
Stone
30

31. Monographs
Author Pays
31

32. Monographs
OAPEN, an aggregator of
scholarly Open Access
books, a has had 2
million downloads of
approx 2,000 books on
its website. On average
2,000 downloads per
book.
Online usage, measured through
book visits and page views in Google
Books, improved for open access
books.
On average, discovery of open
access books, measured as book
visits in Google Books, increased by
142%. Online usage, measured as
page views in Google books,
increased by 209%
32

33. Monographs - University
Presses
Hybrid Options - free pdf,
print on demand, order print
33
TU Delft Architecture Faculty Books UCL Press

34. Other sources of openness
DataImages Knowledge
34

35. Wikimedia
WikidataWikimedia Commons Wikipedia
35

36. Wikimedia Commons
Why should I share my
photos?
Because it gives others
the convenience and
legal freedom to
embed (and cite) your
work in theirs
36

37. Europeana aggregates
over 50m records to
cultural heritage. It
works thanks to
content made openly
available, on similar
licencing to Wikimedia
Commons
37

38. Wikidata
Why should I share my
data?
Because the data is
can be used and
surfaced in so many
ways on the Internet
38

39. Google search
intelligence (and
results shown)
often based on
the open data in
Wikidata
39

40. Other people
can build tools
based on
Wikimedia
Commons and
Wikidata
40

41. Wikipedia
Why should I
waste my time
on something
that is not peer-
reviewed, can be
vandalised and I
do not get any
credit for?
41

42. Wikipedia
Wikipedia’s quality is
(with some caveats)
encyclopedia quality
Wikipedia’s
vandalisation is usually
cleared very quickly
42

43. Wikipedia
‘Everyone’ looks at
Wikipedia. If you want
your knowledge to be
disseminated it must be
included or references
in Wikipedia.
Approx Pageviews in 2015
● Bernini > 216,000
● Open Access > 200,000
● Aylesbury Estate > 25,000
● Monograph > 13,200
● Philip Johnson > 108,000
43

44. Some forms of knowledge in architectural research
DataImages Knowledge
Articles Monographs
44

45. 45

46. Open Access Session: International Planning History Society Conference, July 2016
Alastair Dunning
4TU.Research Data, TU Delft
@alastairdunning
slideshare.net/alastairdunning (slides published tomorrow!)
Openness in Architecture

47. References
47
Slides 1-10 - Maps and Images of Social Estates - all copyright Google Maps
Slide 16 - Quote from Peter Suber, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/brief.htm
Slide 17 - http://openscienceguide.tudelft.nl/
SLide 20 - https://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/apr/24/harvard-university-journal-publishers-prices
Slide 22 - http://sparceurope.org/oaca/
Slide 23 - Slide updated from presentation from Wageningen University
Slide 29 - Willinsky, J. (2009) ‘Toward the Design of an Open Monograph Press’. Journal of Electronic Publishing [online] 12 (1). available from
<http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.3336451.0012.103&gt;
Slides 31, 32- oapen-uk.jiscebooks.org/files/2015/07/Guide-to-open-access-monograph-publishing-for-researchers-final.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliability_of_Wikipedia#cite_note-Wood-7