The+clay+minerals+2007

Introduction to Soil Engineering D. A. Cameron 2007

Staff CIVIL ENGINEERING Dr. Don Cameron [email_address] P2-35 ph 8302 3128

Reference ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The engineering behaviour of soil ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Origins of Soils ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mountains Lakes, estuaries, deltas Ocean River valleys Coastline G B, ‘C’ G S C, O (organic) M = silts Water Transport and Soil Development

Soil from Rocks = Residual ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Particle Interactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Clean Sand - under the microscope 1 mm = 1000  m angular particles from quarry

Fine - Grained Soils ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Molecular Structure of the Clay Minerals Lecture 1 Civil Engineering Practice

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1. The Tetrahedron Unit ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1. Silica Tetrahedron Unit 8 - , 4 +

Tetrahedral sheets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

2. The Aluminium Octahedral Unit ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Octahedral sheets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Kaolinite CLAY Mineral ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Kaolinite micelle Gibbsite layer Silicate layer

Kaolinite clay mineral ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Kaolinite Hydrogen bonding Micelle

2:1 Clay Minerals “ The Mica Group” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Smectite ( includes montmorillonite )

[object Object],2. Clay mineral stack 0.1x10 -6 m 3. Aggregate 1 to 4x10 -5 m ,[object Object]

Properties of the clay minerals ,[object Object],[object Object]

Properties of the clay minerals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Illite v Montmorillonite Different forms of bonding between these minerals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Clay Minerals – capacity for water ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

“ Specific surface” = grain area/grain mass

The influence of charges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Uses of Kaolinite ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Uses of Montmorillonite The “ Smectite ” group ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

In Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Revision ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The+clay+minerals+2007

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The+clay+minerals+2007