1. Pertemuan 1
Understanding Information
Technology
1

2. Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• menyebutkan komponen dasar dan contoh
pemanfaatan komputer
2

3. Outline Materi
• Components of Computer
• Why Computer so Powerful
• Categories of Computers
• Computer Applications
3

4. A World of Computers
• What is computer literacy?
4
– Knowledge and understanding
of computers and their uses
– Computers are everywhere

5. What Is a Computer?
• How is a computer defined?
5
Produces and stores results
– Electronic device operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory
Processes data into
informationinformation
Data that is organized,
meaningful, and useful
Accepts datadata
Raw facts, figures, and
symbols

6. What Is a Computer?
• What is the information processing cycle?
6
Ø Input
Ø Process
Ø Output
Ø Storage
Ø Communication

7. The Components of a
Computer
• What is an input device?
7
Ø Hardware used
to enter data
and instructions

8. The Components of a
Computer
• What is an output device?
8
Ø Hardware that
conveys
information
to a user

9. The Components of a
Computer
• What is the system unit?
9
Ø Box-like case
containing
electronic
components
used to process
data

10. Why Is a Computer So
Powerful?
• What makes a computer powerful?
10
Accuracy Communications
Storage
Reliability
and
Consistency
Speed

11. Networks and the Internet
• What is a network?
11
One type is
a modem
Enables a
connection
between
computers
Enables a
connection
between
computers
Cables
Cellular
radio
Telephone
lines
Satellites
Communications
Media
Communications
Media
Communications
Device
Communications
Device
– Collection of computers and devices connected
together

12. Networks and the Internet
• What are the reasons to network?
12
To shareTo share
ResourcesResources
Hardware
devices
Hardware
devices
Software
programs
Software
programs
DataData
To save
time
and
money
To save
time
and
money
InformationInformation

13. Networks and the Internet
• What is a server?
13
– Manages the
resources on
a network
– A client
accesses
the resources
on the server

14. Networks and the Internet
• What is the Internet?
14
– Worldwide collection of networks that connects
millions of computers

15. Networks and the Internet
15
• Why do users access the
Internet?
2. Information
3. Shopping
4. Banking and Investing
5. Classes
6. Entertainment
1. Communications

16. Computer Software
• What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
16
– Allows you to
interact with the
software using
graphics and
icons
– Controls how you
enter data and
how the screen
displays
information

17. Computer Software
• What is system software?
17
Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)
is a set of programs
that coordinates all
activities among
computer hardware
devices and allows
users to run
application software
Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)
is a set of programs
that coordinates all
activities among
computer hardware
devices and allows
users to run
application software
Utility ProgramsUtility Programs allow the user to
perform maintenance-type tasks
usually related to managing a
computer, its devices or its programs
Utility ProgramsUtility Programs allow the user to
perform maintenance-type tasks
usually related to managing a
computer, its devices or its programs
– Programs that control the operations of the
computer and its devices

18. Computer Software
• What is application
software?
18
Presentation
Graphics
Spreadsheet
Database
Word
Processing
– Programs that perform
specific tasks for users

19. Categories of Computers
19
Personal computers (desktop)
Mobile computers
and mobile devices
Midrange servers
Mainframe computers
What are the categories of computers?
Supercomputers

20. Personal Computers
•What are the two most popular series of
personal computers?
20
Ø PC and compatibles
use the Windows
operating system
Ø Apple Macintosh
uses the Macintosh
operating system
(Mac OS)

21. Personal Computers
• What is a desktop computer?
21
– Designed so all of the components fit on or
under a desk or table

22. Personal Computers
• What is a notebook
computer?
22
– Portable, small
enough to fit on your
lap
– Also called a laptop
computer
– Generally more
expensive than a
desktop computer

23. Handheld Computers
• What is a tablet PC?
23
Ø Especially useful for taking
notes
– Resembles a letter-sized
slate
– Allows you to write on the
screen using a digital pen

24. Handheld Computers
• What are Web-enabled handheld computers?
24
Ø Allow you to check e-mail
and access the Internet
Ø Web-enabled telephone is
a “smart phone”

25. Handheld Computers
• What is a personal digital assistant (PDA)?
25
– Provides personal organizer
functions
• Calendar
• Appointment book
• Address book
• Calculator
• Notepad

26. Servers
• What types of servers are there?
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Midrange server Powerful, large
computer that supports up to a few
thousand computers
Mainframe Very powerful,
expensive computer that supports
thousands of computers
Supercomputer The fastest, most
powerful, most expensive
computer. Used for applications
requiring complex mathematical
calculations

27. Elements of an Information
System
• What are information system elements?
27
– People
– Procedures
– Data
– Software
– Hardware

28. Examples of Computer Usage
•What are five categories of computer
users?
28

29. Examples of Computer Usage
• What software is available for a home
user?
29

30. Examples of Computer Usage
•What software is available for a
small office/home office (SOHO)
user?
30
Ø Local area
network (LAN)
Ø Productivity
software
Ø Specialty
software
Ø Web usage
Ø E-mail

31. Examples of Computer Usage
•What is available for
a mobile user?
31
Ø Hardware
Ø Software
§ Productivity
§ Presentation
§ Personal
information
manager

32. Examples of Computer Usage
• What are the needs of the large
business user?
32
Web access
Public kiosk
Telecommuting
Network
Productivity software
Scheduling

33. Examples of Computer Usage
• What are the needs of a power user?
33
– Speed and large amounts of
storage
– Types of power users
• Engineers
• Architects
• Desktop publishers
• Graphic artists

34. • Source : Shelly, Gary B. Discovering
Computers (2004/2005/2006). Thomson
Course Technology. PPT for Chapter 1.
34