Narrative theory describes how stories are structured and told in music videos to make them comprehensible for audiences. Theories by Todorov, Propp, and Levi-Strauss establish common structural elements of narratives, including equilibrium disruptions, character archetypes like heroes and villains, and inclusion of binary opposites to aid audience understanding. Todorov's theory outlines stages of equilibrium, disequilibrium, recognition, reparation, and new equilibrium, while Propp identifies character functions and Levi-Strauss incorporates opposing concepts.

1. Media Concepts: Narrative Theory. Narrative theory is the way in which a story is told in a music video, keeping the video comprehendible for the audience. ‘Narrative’ is the coherence given to a series of facts.

2. Todorov’s Theory. Todorov’s theory seperates music video into different stages. Equilibrium: I state of ‘perfection’ where everything is as it should be. Disequilibrium: The equilibrium is disrupted. Recognition: Recognition that the disequilibrium has occurred. Reparation: An attempt to repair the state of disequilibrium. New equilibrium.

3. Todorov’s Theory. Todorovclaims that narrative must undergo a transformation. The characters featured in the music video must undergo this transformation by going through the disruption. Equilibrium Dis-equilibrium Recognition Reparation New Equilibrium

4. Vladimir Propp’s Theory. This narrative theory is created through a variety of character functions: Hero: Seeks something Villain: Obstructs hero Princess: Hero’s reward Father: Giver of reward Donor: Provides information and help Helper: Helps the hero Dispatcher: Sends the hero on a quest False hero In Propp’s theory, these character types are established to increase understanding from the point of view of the audience.

5. Claude Levi-Strauss’ Theory. This is as narrative theory built from the inclusion of binary opposites in a media text; one side will be represented as the ‘right’ side which the audience can identify with and support. Examples of these oppositions are things such as: Good and evil Past and present Normal and strange Known and unknown Heaven and earth