1. This document defines and describes the different parts of speech in English language including nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, interjections, and articles. 2. It provides examples and classifications for each part of speech. For nouns, it describes common and proper nouns, singular and plural nouns, abstract and concrete nouns. 3. For verbs it discusses transitive and intransitive verbs. For adjectives it covers quality, quantity, numeral, demonstrative, and interrogative adjectives. The document aims to comprehensively explain the parts of speech that make up the English language.

1. Parts of Speech

2. Introduction:
Words are dividing into different kinds or classes is called Parts of
Speech.
Parts of speech are:
1. Noun 6. Conjunction
2. Pronoun 7. Preposition
3. Adjective 8. Interjection
4. Verb 9. Article
5. Adverb

3. 1. Noun:
A word that use in name of person, place, thing, idea, color, feelings,
symbols, thoughts, etc.
Example:
• Ali is a boy.
In this sentence Ali and boy is noun.

4. Kinds of Noun:
Common Noun:
A common noun names a general person, place, thing or idea.
Example:
• Ali is a boy.
In this sentence boy is common noun.

5. Proper Noun:
A proper noun is the name of some particular person or place.
Example:
• Ali is a doctor.
In this sentence Ali is proper noun.

6. Singular Noun:
A singular noun is a noun that refers to only one person, one place, one
thing, or one idea.
Example: I have a pen.
Plural Noun:
A plural noun is a noun that refers to two or more than two persons,
places, things, or idea.
Example: I have four books.

7. Abstract Noun:
Abstract noun is a noun that refers to a quality, idea or feeling. It is a
thing that we cannot see or touch, but can only think of, hear or feel it.
Examples:
Pain, happy, bravery, idea etc.
• Ali is a honest person.
In this sentence honest is abstract noun.

8. Concrete Nouns:
A concrete noun is a noun that refers to a thing that we can both see or
touch.
Examples:
Table, car, tree, book, pen etc.
• A book is on the table.
In this sentence book and table is concrete noun.

9. Countable Noun:
Anything that can be counted is called countable noun.
Examples:
• Pen, table, fan, rooms etc.
I have two books.

10. Uncountable Noun:
Anything that cannot be counted is called uncountable noun.
Examples:
Rise, water, stars, honesty, etc.
• We all love honesty.
In this sentence honesty is uncountable noun.

11. Material noun:
Material noun is a substance, a material or an ingredient we can see and
touch which is used for making things.
Examples:
Gold, rubber, steel, coper, etc.
• This window is made of glass.
In this sentence glass is material noun.

12. Collective Noun:
The collection of people that make a class is called collective noun.
Examples:
Army, police, team, family, etc.
• We all love Pakistan army.
In this sentence army is collective noun.

13. Compound Noun:
The mixture of two or more than two words to make one word is called
compound noun.
Examples:
Quaid-e-Azam, Mother-in-Law, Bang-i-Dara, etc.
• Quaid-e-azam is our national hero.
In this sentence Quaid-e-Azam is compound noun.

14. 2. Pronoun:
A word that use in place or instead of a noun is called pronoun.
Examples:
• Ali is a good boy. He gets up early in the morning.
In this sentence he is pronoun.

15. Kinds of Pronoun:
Personal Pronoun:
Personal pronoun represent people or things.
Examples:
He, she, it, I, we, you.
• We are Muslims.
• He is a teacher.

16. Demonstrative Pronoun:
Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out particular persons, places,
or things.
Examples:
This, that, these, those, some, such, etc.
• This is my party.
• These are her pencils.

17. Interrogative Pronoun:
Interrogative pronoun are used to ask questions.
Examples:
Who, whom, what, which, where, when, why, etc.
• Who is she?
• What is your name?
• Which is yours?

18. Relative Pronoun:
Relative pronouns are words that refer or relate to some noun going
before, which is called its antecedents.
Examples:
who, whom, that, which, whose.
• She is the woman who interviewed me.

19. Indefinite Pronoun:
Indefinite pronouns do not refer to any person or thing in particular.
Example:
Somebody, anybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everybody, no one,
something, anything, everyone, etc.
• There is nobody in the class room.

20. Distributive Pronoun:
Distributive pronouns refer to persons or things one at a time.
Examples:
Each, either, and neither.
• Either of you can go.

21. Reflexive Pronoun:
A reflexive pronoun is used as the object of a verb or preposition when
the subject of the sentence and the object are the same person.
Examples:
Myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves,
and oneself.
• I made it myself.

22. Emphatic Pronoun:
The subject itself completed the homework without anyone’s help.
Examples:
Herself, itself, myself, etc.
• I will do it myself.

23. Reciprocal Pronoun:
Reciprocal pronouns express a mutual relationship.
Examples:
Each other and one another.
• They can’t see each other.

24. 3. Adjective:
Adjective is a word that we use to describe the quality of a noun and
pronoun.
Example:
Ali is a brave boy.

25. Kinds of Adjective:
Quality (Descriptive Adjectives):
It shows the kind or quality of noun.
Example: He is an honest man.
Adjectives of Quantity:
It shows how much of a thing is meant.
Example: You have no sense.

26. Numeral Adjectives:
Numeral Adjectives show how many persons or things are meant.
Example: The hand has five fingers.
Demonstrative Adjectives:
Points out which person or thing is meant.
Example: This pen is mine.

27. Interrogative Adjectives:
Interrogative Adjectives are used with nouns for asking questions.
Example: What book is this?
Distributive Adjectives:
Distributive Adjectives show that things are taken separately.
Examples: each, every, either, neither.
Every boy was given a prize.

28. 4. Verb:
A verb is a word which denotes an action.
Example:
I walk to school.
Kinds of Verb:
Transitive Verbs:
A Transitive Verb is a verb that denotes action which passes over from
the subject to object.
Example: He kills a snake.

29. Intransitive Verbs:
An Intransitive Verb is a verb that denotes action which does not pass
over to an object.
Example: The train stopped.
Ergative Verb:
An Ergative Verb is a verb that can be used both transitively and
intransitively.
Example: The water boiled.

30. Auxiliary verbs:
The helping or Auxiliary verbs help the principal verb to form its tense,
vice or mood.
Example:
Is, are, am, etc.

31. 5. Adverb:
A word that modifies the meaning of a verb, an adjective, or another
Adverb is called an Adverb.
Kinds of Adverb:
• Adverb of Place . Adverb of Number or Frequency
• Adverb of Time . Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation
• Adverb of Manner . Adverb of Reason
• Adverb of Degree or Quantity

32. 6. conjunction :
A conjunction is a word that joins words or word groups together.
Examples:
And, but, or, nor, although, yet, so, either, and also.

33. 7. Preposition:
It is a word which shows the connection of a noun or pronoun.
Examples:
Out, under, over, after, out, into, up, down, for, and between.
• The sun was in the sky.

34. 8. Interjection:
An interjection is a word that shows strong emotion.
Examples:
Wow!, Ouch!, Hurray!,.

35. 9. Article:
The Adjectives a or an and the are usually called Articles.
Kinds of Articles:
Indefinite Article:
A or an is called indefinite article.
Definite Article:
The is called definite article.