This document discusses the relationship between creativity and artificial intelligence. It explores how AI may impact knowledge workers and their jobs. While AI cannot be truly creative in the human sense, it can help human creativity through tasks like data analysis. The document outlines the limitations of current AI systems and emphasizes that understanding both AI and human nature is key to using AI to improve lives rather than replace jobs. Creativity, intuition and social skills will allow humans to thrive alongside AI.

1. Creativity in the Age of AI
What the Future Holds for Knowledge Workers
Viktor Dörfler
ai@ViktorDorfler.com 1
Creativity in the Age of AI
What the Future Holds for Knowledge Workers
Viktor Dörfler

2. www.strath.ac.uk/staff/dorflerviktordr
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3. “Over the Christmas holiday,
Al Newell and I invented
a thinking machine.”
Herbert Simon (January 1956)
General Problem Solver

4. “[…] we need programs which
will in some sense induce
internally stored ‘models’ of
external environments...”
Edward Feigenbaum (1961)
topologically legal structure candidates
for amino acid spectra (exobiology)

5. To perceive things that we can convert into electronic signals
Marvin Minsky & Seymour Papert (1971)

6. DeepMind learns the sam way
humans do: by reinforcement
learning
Demis Hassabis (2017)
but humans learn in other ways as well

7. 1. Hardcoding the rules
2. Process capturing (by ‘thinking aloud’)
3. Knowledge representations (by ‘knowledge acquisition’)
4. Machine learning (with or without human feedback)
At least one of two features:
Only explicit knowledge
Reinforcement learning
Both of which are profoundly
non-human and impose
severe limitations.

8. Common sense – the
missing component
AI will be writing
Shakespeare-level
prose within 100 and
possibly 50 years.
Marvin Minsky (1982)

9. “While tacit knowledge can be possessed
by itself, explicit knowledge must rely on
being tacitly understood and applied.
Hence all knowledge is either tacit or
rooted in tacit knowledge. A wholly
explicit knowledge is unthinkable.”
Michael Polányi (1966)
We can know more than we can tell.

10. If we interact with an entity and we
cannot figure out whether we are
interacting with a person or to a
machine, and it is in fact a machine,
that machine should qualify as
intelligent.
Alan Turing (1950)
The Turing Test is based on the
‘Imitation Game’.

11. If I receive messages in the form
of Chinese symbols, and look up
the appropriate answer in a rule-
book, and the rule-book is good,
those who read the response,
will think that I speak Chinese.
Do I?
John Searle (1980)

12. Within 10 years the world
champion in chess will be
a computer
Herbert Simon (1957)
1997

13. AlphaGo demonstrated
creativity and intuition
Demis Hassabis (2017)
AlphaGo, AlphaGo Zero, Alpha Zero

14. A novel and useful idea
Teresa Amabile (1983)
Novel and useful ideas, problem
solutions, or other outputs
Teresa Amabile (2019)
We need ‘appropriate judges’ to
assess how creative an idea is.

15. It is not so much that we don’t understand computers (AI);
we don’t understand humans.
Humans are not logical.

16. ≡? =? ≥? ≤? ≈? ≠?
HUMAN MACHINE
≈

17. Can AI be creative?
No, not in the human sense of the word
What AI can do for human creativity?
Pre-processing: AI is “analytics on steroids” (Thomas Davenport)
Can find but not recognise the unexpected
The surprising part: AI can help us think ‘outside the box’.

18. 26 April 2010 https://garfield.com/comic/2010/04/26

19. AI will not take your job, if
you are creative, intuitive, social
you learn to make use of AI
AI can improve your life by
eliminating the boring stuff
improving quality
making work more convenient and fun
You can make the best of AI if you
understand AI and yourself
learn to interact with AI accordingly
are an authentic human using authentic AI
if and only if used right

20. BE AT PEACE
BUT DON’T BE AT REST!
And this is why I will always chose a friend over AI
https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/464293042814236374/

21. www.strath.ac.uk/staff/dorflerviktordr
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viktordorfler
viktordorfler
viktordorfler
viktordorfler
www.grandmasterproject.com
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