2. Natural resources
The resources that are derived from the environment
are called as natural resources.
Some of them are most essential for our living while
most of them are used for satisfying our needs.
They are used to promote the man kind.
Every man made item consists of natural resources.
Sun is the major natural resource which never ends.
3. Types of Natural Resources
They are mainly classified into 6 types:
1.Forest Resources
2.Water Resources
3.Mineral Resources
4.Food Resources
5.Land Resources
6.Energy Resources
4. Forest Resources
Forest : land occupied with wide range of flora and
fauna which supports ecosystem.
Uses : 1. They give us wood for different purposes.
2. They are used in medicines .
3. They give fuels like fossil fuels , coal.
4. They have commercial use like honey , gum
, lac , paper.
5. they provide 30% of oxygen.
6. Threats
Mainly two types of threats are present.
1.Natural disasters
2.Man induced threats
Forest fires
7. Disasters*
by type: 1971-96
High wind: 21%
Man-made
disasters: 34%
Total: 8,219,000
Flood: 19%
Other natural
disasters: 21%
Volcanoes: 1% Earthquake: 8%
Landslides: 3% Drought & Famine: 6%
* International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (The Economist, Sept 6, 1997)
8. Reasons
for depletion of Forest resources
Over-consumption/excessive or unnecessary use of resources
Non-equitable distribution of resources
Overpopulation.
Slash and burn agricultural practices, currently occurring in
many developing countries.
Technological and industrial development.
Erosion
Habitat degradation leads to the loss of Biodiversity.
Irrigation
Mining for oil and minerals.
Aquifer depletion.
Forestry Forest Reserves within a particular country.
Pollution or contamination of resources.
9. Control Measures
Controlling deforestation :
Efforts to control deforestation must be taken on a
global scale.
In addition to making sure that emissions from
deforestation are kept to a minimum, an effort to
educate people .
Reforestation is also being encouraged in many
countries in an attempt to repair the damage that
deforestation has done.
10. Participate in your community's recycling programs.
Implement a recycling program at your office too.
Buy products manufactured with recycled paper.
Many companies use their reputation as recyclers to
attract business from eco-conscious customers.
Reuse junk mail and scraps of paper whenever
possible. Instead of pitching old envelopes, use them
to keep notes or make grocery lists.
11. Most
of the Land
Earth (29%)
is Oceans
covered (71%)
by water
“...water, water, every where
nor any drop to drink!”
12. Water Pollution
Water pollution:
1.The main problems of pollution that need to be addressed
in the country are the following:
Pollution from domestic sewage
The high rates of drinking water and drainage
The general lack of sewage treatment plants.
The discharge of large quantities of untreated sewage at
specific points of the water resource systems or along the
coastline constitute the main water pollution source in our
country
13. Remedies for depletion of Water
resources
Improvement of efficiency in water use.
Identification of water resources.
Technical training and education about water .
Information about water resources and flood
mitigation.
Several programs are implemented such as
1.Integrated development and use of water resources .
2.Drinking water supply and sanitation
14. Mineral Resources
Minerals : which have definite chemical
properties and indefinite chemical properties .
There are 2 types of minerals namely
1.Metallic
2.Non-metallic
Examples for metallic minerals are Iron , gold ,
Alluminium , Silver etc.,
Examples for some non metallic minerals are
Gypsum , Lime stone , Coal etc.,
15. Threats to Mineral Resources
1.Mining
2.Disturbences to mantle layer which leads to Earth
quakes , drowning of land.
3.Deforestration –leads to loss of Bio diversity.
4.The acid mine drain-by usage of acids to extraction
process which leads to mix of acids in soil and Aquifer.
5.Loss of marine life due to oil spils while extracting oil.
16. Remedies for depletion of Mineral
resources
We must go for bio mining where we use microbial
organisms for mining purpose.
Mining waste treatment technology.
EOR: This process must be implemented to extract oil
by using bacteria.
17. Food Resources
Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional
support for the body.
It is usually of plants or animal origin, and contains
essential nutrients, such as
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals.
It is also said as source of energy for human activities.
Based on production rate agriculture is divided into 2 types
as
1.Subsistence
2.Intensive
These are traditional practices
18. Green revolution shifted traditional practices to
modern practices.
It was first given by Norman Borlang .
There were many draw backs such as salinity , soil
erosion , water logging , death of non micro
organisms.
For these problems Albert Howard introduced some
practices known as organic farming.
19. Remedies for depletion of Food
Resources
Organic farming must be followed which is a
combination of traditional farming and modern
farming.
Crop rotation method must be followed .
Contour farming or terrace farming method must be
followed to overcome irrigation problems.
We have to enrich the soil fertility by using natural
ways not by using pesticides.
20. Land Resources
Land is an area which constitutes of biotic and a biotic
compounds.
Due to soil erosion and land degradation soil is being
eroded by agents like wind , water and human
activities .
Improper agricultural practices like Monoculture and
also introduction of alien species through hybrid
varieties also leads for the erosion of soil.
21. Control Measures
Two control measures like
1.Biological control
2.Mechanical control are practices .
• In biological control measures
1.Mulching
2.Polyculture
3.Crop rotation must be followed .
In mechanical control process
1.counter farming
2.terrace farming
3.Step farming must be practiced .
22. Energy resources
The capacity to do work is known as energy.
It is divided as 2 types:
1.Renwable
2.Non renewable resources
There are many disadvantages by using these resources
1.They leads to global warming .
2.They pollute air.
3.Release of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases.
Renewable resources are costly and space occupying
Sun cannot be used in cooler areas.
23. Remedies to control depletion of
Energy Resources
Use diesel car to reduce your dependence on fossil
fuels.
Go solar to reduce the use of non renewable resources.
Telecommute.
Turn your lawn into an organic garden.
Heat with wood to reduce your dependence on non
renewable resources and fossil fuels.
