The document provides an overview of embedded systems. It defines embedded systems as devices used to control, monitor or assist equipment that contain both computer hardware and software. The document then classifies embedded systems based on performance and functional requirements such as real-time, standalone, networked, mobile, and sophistication. Examples of embedded system applications are given across several industries like automobiles, telecommunications, smart cards, missiles, satellites, and consumer electronics. The document concludes by explaining how embedded systems are implemented using either digital circuits or microprocessor-based systems.

1. A PRESENTSTION ON
EMBEDDED SYSTEM
…..By Pine Academy

2. INTRODUCTION OF THE COMPANY
 PINE Training Academy is a training division of Techadityaa
(www.techadityaa.com)
 Pine Training Academy was established in 2014 by technocrats having
expertise and vast work experience in the field of ASIC Design, FPGA, and
DSP, ASIC Verification, real-time embedded system design and board PCB.
 We understand the dynamics and requirements of the industry. While working
in the industry we realized that there is a vast gap between the job profile
required for the particular job and the kind of candidates available in the
market.
 To bridge this gap we decided to start this academy to train the candidates as
per the market requirements.

3. CONTENT
 WHAT IS EMBEDDED SYSTEM
 CLASSIFICATION OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM
 APPLICATIONS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM
 HOW DO WE IMPLEMENT THEM

4. WHAT IS EMBEDDED SYSTEM?
 Embedded systems are devices used to control, monitor or assist the operation of
equipment, machinery or plant. “Embedded” reflects the fact that they are an
integral part of the system.
 An embedded system is some combination of computer hardware and software,
either fixed in capability or programmable, that is specifically designed for a
particular function.
SOFTWARE HARDWARE APPLICATION

5. WHAT IS INSIDE THE EMBEDDED SYSTEM?
HARDWARE
 CPU
 MEMORY
 I/O DEVICES
SOFTWARE
 APPLICATION
 OS
 DEVICE DRIVERS
EMBEDDED SYSTEM

6. CLASSIFICATION OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
TYPES OF EMBEDDED
SYSTEM
BASED ON PERFORMANCE OF
MICROCONTROLLER
BASED ON PERFORMANCE AND
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
MEDIUM
SCALE
MOBILE
SOPHISTICATED
SMALL
SCALE
NETWORKED
STAND
ALONE
REAL
TIME

7. BASED ON PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT
Real-time embedded systems are defined as those systems in which the correctness of
the system depends not only on the logical result of computation, but also on the time
at which the results are produced.
 Hard real-time systems (e.g., Avionic control).
 Firm real-time systems (e.g., Banking).
 Soft real-time systems (e.g., Video on demand).
1.REAL TIME EMBEDDED SYSTEM

8. 2.STAND ALONE EMBEDDED SYSTEM
 A standalone device is able to function independently of other hardware. This means
it is not integrated into another device.
 It takes the input from the input ports either analog or digital and processes,
calculates and converts the data and gives the resulting data through the connected
device-Which either controls, drives and displays the connected devices.
 For example, a TiVo box that can record television programs , mp3 players are
standalone devices

9. 3.NETWORKED EMBEDDED SYSTEM
These types of embedded systems are related to a network to access the resources.
The connected network can be LAN, WAN or the internet. The connection can be
any wired or wireless. This type of embedded system is the fastest growing area in
embedded system applications. .

10. Mobile embedded systems are used in portable embedded devices like cell
phones, mobiles, digital cameras, mp3 players and personal digital
assistants, etc.
The basic limitation of these devices is the other resources and limitation of
memory.
4.MOBILE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

11. Based on the Performance of the Microcontroller
Small Scale Embedded Systems
 These types of embedded systems are designed with a single 8 or 16-
bit microcontroller, that may even be activated by a battery.
 For developing embedded software for small scale embedded systems, the main
programming tools are an editor, assembler, cross assembler and integrated
development environment (IDE).
Medium Scale Embedded Systems
These types of embedded systems design with a single or 16 or 32 bit
microcontroller, RISCs or DSPs.
These types of embedded systems have both hardware and software complexities.
For developing embedded software for medium scale embedded systems, the
main programming tools are C, C++, JAVA, Visual C++, RTOS, debugger,
source code engineering tool, simulator and IDE.

12. Sophisticated Embedded Systems
 These types of embedded systems have enormous hardware and software
complexities, that may need ASIPs, IPs, PLAs, scalable or configurable
processors.
 They are used for cutting-edge applications that need hardware and software
Co-design and components which have to assemble in the final system.

13. Industrial machines, automobiles, medical equipment, cameras, household
appliances, airplanes, vending machines and toys (as well as the more obvious
cellular phone and PDA) are among the myriad possible hosts of an embedded
system.
APPLICATIONS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

14. Embedded Systems in Automobiles and
in telecommunications
 Motor and cruise control system
 Body or Engine safety
 Entertainment and multimedia in car
 E-Com and Mobile access
 Robotics in assembly line
 Wireless communication
 Mobile computing and networking
Embedded Systems in Smart Cards,
Missiles and Satellites
 Security systems
 Telephone and banking
 Defence and aerospace
 Communication
Embedded Systems in Peripherals &
Computer Networking
 Displays and Monitors
 Networking Systems
 Image Processing
 Network cards and printers
Embedded Systems in Consumer
Electronics
 Digital Cameras
 Set top Boxes
 High Definition TVs
 DVDs

15. HOW DO WE IMPLEMENT THEM?
We do so by using microcontrollers (or microprocessor based systems)
Or simply by using digital circuits that perform the function we want.
Digital circuits Microprocessor based systems
Faster
 Only propagation delay
Slower
 Technology Dependent
Inflexible
 Functions they perform can’t be changed
easily.
Flexible
 We need only to update the software.
Example:
Communication system
Ciphering algorithm
Example:
Personal computer,PDA’s
Mobile phones,PLC’s