9. INTERNAL TRANSPORT
HEMAL SYSTEM
Heart, accessory heart,
hemocoel, and blood
9 abdominal segment,
perforated by 1 to 12 pairs
of segmental ostia
Forward beating – head
Backward beating –
abdomen
10. Many survives subfreezing
temperatures by accumulating
glycerol, sorbitol, and
trehalose in the blood which
depress freezing point and
function as anti-freeze
Permitted ice crystals to form
in desired body location
A New Zealand insect called the Weta freezes
completely solid during winter. When the temps go
up, it resumes its business.
11. GAS EXCHANGE
ATMOSPHERE – SPIRACLE –
TISSUE
Longitudinal tracheal trunks -
branch to the heart, nerve
cord, muscles and gut
Closing spiracles reduces
water loss and filtering
prevents entry of dust and
parasites
Taenidia – allow trachea to
expand, but prevent its
collapse
Tracheoles
12. Use tracheae to carry
respiratory gasses
Chitin-lined
invaginations of
epithelium
Open to the outside
via spiracles
13. Tracheal cuticle is shed during
molting
Gas movement in trachea –
simple diffusion and muscular
ventilation
Aquatic – CLOSED TRACHEAL
SYSTEM (w/o Spiracle) – air-
filled trachea arise in tracheal
gills (filamentous)
Aquatic larvae has open
tracheal system - 2 spiracles at
end of breathing tube .
Aquatic adults go to surface
14. EXCRETION
Excretion by Malpighian tubules
Almost all insects, some myriapods, some spiders
Blind-ended tubules bathed in hemolymph
Remove nitrogenous waste (e.g. uric acid), amino acids,
sugars
15. 15
Excretion by Malpighian tubules
Minerals, water resorbed at bottom of tubule and by
rectal glands of hindgut
waste passed out
17. SENSE ORGAN
Head
pair of compound eyes (detect
movement)
several sets of simple eyes= ocelli
(probably detect changes in light
intensity) Mosquito compound eye
18. Fly tastes food by walking on it
Bitterness kills: Two new studies revealed that suppressing the ability to
taste food - regardless of how much is actually eaten - can increase or
decrease how long fruit flies live. Bitter tastes cut the insect's life expectancy,
while sweet tastes extended it
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2632862/Can-TASTE-BUDS-determine-long-youll-live-Study-finds-losing-ability-identify-
foods-boost-life-expectancy.html#ixzz4Jbc4Ejyp
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21. The larger drone bees, the males, do not
have stingers. The female worker bees are
the only ones that can sting, and
their stinger is a modified ovipositor. The
queen bee has a smooth stinger and can, if
need be, sting skin-bearing creatures
multiple times, but the queen does not leave
the hive under normal conditions.
When a honey bee stings a person, it cannot
pull the barbed stinger back out. It leaves
behind not only the stinger, but also part of its
abdomen and digestive tract, plus muscles and
nerves. This massive abdominal rupture kills the
honey bee. Honey bees are the only species
of bees to die after stinging