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SUBCLASS
HEXAPODA
GOTTA CATCH ‘EM ALL!
PRE-ASSESSMENT!
GIVE 5 SPECIES OF HEXAPODA
GIVE SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF
HEXAPODA
GIVE 3 ORDERS OF HEXAPODA
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DO
NOT BELONG TO THE GROUP?
FOR EXCRETION IN HEXAPODA
M NGP
B E S
SUBCLASS
HEXAPODA
GENERALCHARACTERISTICS
BY: PAULA MARIE M LLIDO
INTERNAL TRANSPORT
 HEMAL SYSTEM
 Heart, accessory heart,
hemocoel, and blood
 9 abdominal segment,
perforated by 1 to 12 pairs
of segmental ostia
 Forward beating – head
 Backward beating –
abdomen
 Many survives subfreezing
temperatures by accumulating
glycerol, sorbitol, and
trehalose in the blood which
depress freezing point and
function as anti-freeze
 Permitted ice crystals to form
in desired body location
A New Zealand insect called the Weta freezes
completely solid during winter. When the temps go
up, it resumes its business.
GAS EXCHANGE
 ATMOSPHERE – SPIRACLE –
TISSUE
 Longitudinal tracheal trunks -
branch to the heart, nerve
cord, muscles and gut
 Closing spiracles reduces
water loss and filtering
prevents entry of dust and
parasites
 Taenidia – allow trachea to
expand, but prevent its
collapse
 Tracheoles
Use tracheae to carry
respiratory gasses
Chitin-lined
invaginations of
epithelium
Open to the outside
via spiracles
 Tracheal cuticle is shed during
molting
 Gas movement in trachea –
simple diffusion and muscular
ventilation
 Aquatic – CLOSED TRACHEAL
SYSTEM (w/o Spiracle) – air-
filled trachea arise in tracheal
gills (filamentous)
 Aquatic larvae has open
tracheal system - 2 spiracles at
end of breathing tube .
 Aquatic adults go to surface
EXCRETION
 Excretion by Malpighian tubules
Almost all insects, some myriapods, some spiders
Blind-ended tubules bathed in hemolymph
Remove nitrogenous waste (e.g. uric acid), amino acids,
sugars
15
Excretion by Malpighian tubules
Minerals, water resorbed at bottom of tubule and by
rectal glands of hindgut
waste passed out
NERVOUS SYSTEM
SENSE ORGAN
Head
 pair of compound eyes (detect
movement)
 several sets of simple eyes= ocelli
(probably detect changes in light
intensity) Mosquito compound eye
Fly tastes food by walking on it
Bitterness kills: Two new studies revealed that suppressing the ability to
taste food - regardless of how much is actually eaten - can increase or
decrease how long fruit flies live. Bitter tastes cut the insect's life expectancy,
while sweet tastes extended it
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2632862/Can-TASTE-BUDS-determine-long-youll-live-Study-finds-losing-ability-identify-
foods-boost-life-expectancy.html#ixzz4Jbc4Ejyp
Follow us: @MailOnline on Twitter | DailyMail on Facebook
19
Head
 Antennae can be
highly variable
Mosquito antennae
REPRODUCTION
FEMALE REPRODUCTION MALE REPRODUCTION
The larger drone bees, the males, do not
have stingers. The female worker bees are
the only ones that can sting, and
their stinger is a modified ovipositor. The
queen bee has a smooth stinger and can, if
need be, sting skin-bearing creatures
multiple times, but the queen does not leave
the hive under normal conditions.
When a honey bee stings a person, it cannot
pull the barbed stinger back out. It leaves
behind not only the stinger, but also part of its
abdomen and digestive tract, plus muscles and
nerves. This massive abdominal rupture kills the
honey bee. Honey bees are the only species
of bees to die after stinging

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Controlling Parameters of Carbonate platform Environment
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Subclass Hexapoda

  • 3. GIVE 5 SPECIES OF HEXAPODA
  • 5. GIVE 3 ORDERS OF HEXAPODA
  • 6. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DO NOT BELONG TO THE GROUP?
  • 7. FOR EXCRETION IN HEXAPODA M NGP B E S
  • 9. INTERNAL TRANSPORT  HEMAL SYSTEM  Heart, accessory heart, hemocoel, and blood  9 abdominal segment, perforated by 1 to 12 pairs of segmental ostia  Forward beating – head  Backward beating – abdomen
  • 10.  Many survives subfreezing temperatures by accumulating glycerol, sorbitol, and trehalose in the blood which depress freezing point and function as anti-freeze  Permitted ice crystals to form in desired body location A New Zealand insect called the Weta freezes completely solid during winter. When the temps go up, it resumes its business.
  • 11. GAS EXCHANGE  ATMOSPHERE – SPIRACLE – TISSUE  Longitudinal tracheal trunks - branch to the heart, nerve cord, muscles and gut  Closing spiracles reduces water loss and filtering prevents entry of dust and parasites  Taenidia – allow trachea to expand, but prevent its collapse  Tracheoles
  • 12. Use tracheae to carry respiratory gasses Chitin-lined invaginations of epithelium Open to the outside via spiracles
  • 13.  Tracheal cuticle is shed during molting  Gas movement in trachea – simple diffusion and muscular ventilation  Aquatic – CLOSED TRACHEAL SYSTEM (w/o Spiracle) – air- filled trachea arise in tracheal gills (filamentous)  Aquatic larvae has open tracheal system - 2 spiracles at end of breathing tube .  Aquatic adults go to surface
  • 14. EXCRETION  Excretion by Malpighian tubules Almost all insects, some myriapods, some spiders Blind-ended tubules bathed in hemolymph Remove nitrogenous waste (e.g. uric acid), amino acids, sugars
  • 15. 15 Excretion by Malpighian tubules Minerals, water resorbed at bottom of tubule and by rectal glands of hindgut waste passed out
  • 17. SENSE ORGAN Head  pair of compound eyes (detect movement)  several sets of simple eyes= ocelli (probably detect changes in light intensity) Mosquito compound eye
  • 18. Fly tastes food by walking on it Bitterness kills: Two new studies revealed that suppressing the ability to taste food - regardless of how much is actually eaten - can increase or decrease how long fruit flies live. Bitter tastes cut the insect's life expectancy, while sweet tastes extended it Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2632862/Can-TASTE-BUDS-determine-long-youll-live-Study-finds-losing-ability-identify- foods-boost-life-expectancy.html#ixzz4Jbc4Ejyp Follow us: @MailOnline on Twitter | DailyMail on Facebook
  • 19. 19 Head  Antennae can be highly variable Mosquito antennae
  • 21. The larger drone bees, the males, do not have stingers. The female worker bees are the only ones that can sting, and their stinger is a modified ovipositor. The queen bee has a smooth stinger and can, if need be, sting skin-bearing creatures multiple times, but the queen does not leave the hive under normal conditions. When a honey bee stings a person, it cannot pull the barbed stinger back out. It leaves behind not only the stinger, but also part of its abdomen and digestive tract, plus muscles and nerves. This massive abdominal rupture kills the honey bee. Honey bees are the only species of bees to die after stinging